Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Miscellaneous

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• BMP receptor binding Source: AgBase <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB <p>Non-traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for statements in the abstract, introduction or discussion of a paper that cannot be traced back to another publication.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#nas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Non-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing."
    Wang L., Manji G.A., Grenier J.M., Al-Garawi A., Merriam S., Lora J.M., Geddes B.J., Briskin M., DiStefano P.S., Bertin J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:29874-29880(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• enzyme binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• identical protein binding Source: IntActInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Unified polymerization mechanism for the assembly of ASC-dependent inflammasomes."
    Lu A., Magupalli V.G., Ruan J., Yin Q., Atianand M.K., Vos M.R., Schroder G.F., Fitzgerald K.A., Wu H., Egelman E.H.
    Cell 156:1193-1206(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Identification of multifaceted binding modes for pyrin and ASC pyrin domains gives insights into pyrin inflammasome assembly."
    Vajjhala P.R., Kaiser S., Smith S.J., Ong Q.R., Soh S.L., Stacey K.J., Hill J.M.
    J Biol Chem 289:23504-23519(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network."
    Rolland T., Tasan M., Charloteaux B., Pevzner S.J., Zhong Q., Sahni N., Yi S., Lemmens I., Fontanillo C., Mosca R., Kamburov A., Ghiassian S.D., Yang X., Ghamsari L., Balcha D., Begg B.E., Braun P., Brehme M.

    , Broly M.P., Carvunis A.R., Convery-Zupan D., Corominas R., Coulombe-Huntington J., Dann E., Dreze M., Dricot A., Fan C., Franzosa E., Gebreab F., Gutierrez B.J., Hardy M.F., Jin M., Kang S., Kiros R., Lin G.N., Luck K., MacWilliams A., Menche J., Murray R.R., Palagi A., Poulin M.M., Rambout X., Rasla J., Reichert P., Romero V., Ruyssinck E., Sahalie J.M., Scholz A., Shah A.A., Sharma A., Shen Y., Spirohn K., Tam S., Tejeda A.O., Trigg S.A., Twizere J.C., Vega K., Walsh J., Cusick M.E., Xia Y., Barabasi A.L., Iakoucheva L.M., Aloy P., De Las Rivas J., Tavernier J., Calderwood M.A., Hill D.E., Hao T., Roth F.P., Vidal M.
    Cell 159:1212-1226(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• interleukin-6 receptor binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ion channel binding Source: Ensembl
• myosin I binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protease binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein dimerization activity Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The PYRIN domain-only protein POP3 inhibits ALR inflammasomes and regulates responses to infection with DNA viruses."
    Khare S., Ratsimandresy R.A., de Almeida L., Cuda C.M., Rellick S.L., Misharin A.V., Wallin M.C., Gangopadhyay A., Forte E., Gottwein E., Perlman H., Reed J.C., Greaves D.R., Dorfleutner A., Stehlik C.
    Nat. Immunol. 15:343-353(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein homodimerization activity Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• Pyrin domain binding Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• tropomyosin binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Source: Ensembl
• activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing."
    Wang L., Manji G.A., Grenier J.M., Al-Garawi A., Merriam S., Lora J.M., Geddes B.J., Briskin M., DiStefano P.S., Bertin J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:29874-29880(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• activation of innate immune response Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.40

    "IFI16 acts as a nuclear pathogen sensor to induce the inflammasome in response to Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection."
    Kerur N., Veettil M.V., Sharma-Walia N., Bottero V., Sadagopan S., Otageri P., Chandran B.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:363-375(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH IFI16.
• apoptotic process Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to interleukin-1 Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways."
    Stehlik C., Fiorentino L., Dorfleutner A., Bruey J.M., Ariza E.M., Sagara J., Reed J.C.
    J. Exp. Med. 196:1605-1615(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CHUK AND IKBKB.
• cellular response to lipopolysaccharide Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways."
    Stehlik C., Fiorentino L., Dorfleutner A., Bruey J.M., Ariza E.M., Sagara J., Reed J.C.
    J. Exp. Med. 196:1605-1615(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CHUK AND IKBKB.
• cellular response to tumor necrosis factor Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways."
    Stehlik C., Fiorentino L., Dorfleutner A., Bruey J.M., Ariza E.M., Sagara J., Reed J.C.
    J. Exp. Med. 196:1605-1615(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CHUK AND IKBKB.
• defense response to Gram-negative bacterium Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.26

    "ASC mediates the induction of multiple cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis via caspase-1-dependent and -independent pathways."
    Taxman D.J., Zhang J., Champagne C., Bergstralh D.T., Iocca H.A., Lich J.D., Ting J.P.
    J. Immunol. 177:4252-4256(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
  • Ref.41

    "The NLR adaptor ASC/PYCARD regulates DUSP10, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and chemokine induction independent of the inflammasome."
    Taxman D.J., Holley-Guthrie E.A., Huang M.T., Moore C.B., Bergstralh D.T., Allen I.C., Lei Y., Gris D., Ting J.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 286:19605-19616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• defense response to virus Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.40

    "IFI16 acts as a nuclear pathogen sensor to induce the inflammasome in response to Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection."
    Kerur N., Veettil M.V., Sharma-Walia N., Bottero V., Sadagopan S., Otageri P., Chandran B.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:363-375(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH IFI16.
• inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB-KW
• innate immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
• intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "ASC is a Bax adaptor and regulates the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway."
    Ohtsuka T., Ryu H., Minamishima Y.A., Macip S., Sagara J., Nakayama K.I., Aaronson S.A., Lee S.W.
    Nat. Cell Biol. 6:121-128(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH BAX.
• intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "ASC is a Bax adaptor and regulates the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway."
    Ohtsuka T., Ryu H., Minamishima Y.A., Macip S., Sagara J., Nakayama K.I., Aaronson S.A., Lee S.W.
    Nat. Cell Biol. 6:121-128(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH BAX.
• macropinocytosis Source: UniProtKB
• myeloid dendritic cell activation Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.42

    "Central and overlapping role of cathepsin B and inflammasome adaptor ASC in antigen presenting function of human dendritic cells."
    Guo X., Dhodapkar K.M.
    Hum. Immunol. 73:871-878(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• myeloid dendritic cell activation involved in immune response Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The PYRIN domain-only protein POP3 inhibits ALR inflammasomes and regulates responses to infection with DNA viruses."
    Khare S., Ratsimandresy R.A., de Almeida L., Cuda C.M., Rellick S.L., Misharin A.V., Wallin M.C., Gangopadhyay A., Forte E., Gottwein E., Perlman H., Reed J.C., Greaves D.R., Dorfleutner A., Stehlik C.
    Nat. Immunol. 15:343-353(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways."
    Stehlik C., Fiorentino L., Dorfleutner A., Bruey J.M., Ariza E.M., Sagara J., Reed J.C.
    J. Exp. Med. 196:1605-1615(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CHUK AND IKBKB.
• negative regulation of interferon-beta production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.36

    "AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC."
    Hornung V., Ablasser A., Charrel-Dennis M., Bauernfeind F., Horvath G., Caffrey D.R., Latz E., Fitzgerald K.A.
    Nature 458:514-518(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN AIM2 INFLAMMASOME, INTERACTION WITH AIM2, DOMAIN.
• negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.25

    "ASC directs NF-kappaB activation by regulating receptor interacting protein-2 (RIP2) caspase-1 interactions."
    Sarkar A., Duncan M., Hart J., Hertlein E., Guttridge D.C., Wewers M.D.
    J. Immunol. 176:4979-4986(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CASP1.
• negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways."
    Stehlik C., Fiorentino L., Dorfleutner A., Bruey J.M., Ariza E.M., Sagara J., Reed J.C.
    J. Exp. Med. 196:1605-1615(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CHUK AND IKBKB.
• neutrophil degranulation Source: Reactome
• positive regulation of actin filament polymerization Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.42

    "Central and overlapping role of cathepsin B and inflammasome adaptor ASC in antigen presenting function of human dendritic cells."
    Guo X., Dhodapkar K.M.
    Hum. Immunol. 73:871-878(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "ASC is an activating adaptor for NF-kappa B and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis."
    Masumoto J., Dowds T.A., Schaner P., Chen F.F., Ogura Y., Li M., Zhu L., Katsuyama T., Sagara J., Taniguchi S., Gumucio D.L., Nunez G., Inohara N.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303:69-73(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, INTERACTION WITH CASP8, MUTAGENESIS OF LEU-12.
• positive regulation of chemokine production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.41

    "The NLR adaptor ASC/PYCARD regulates DUSP10, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and chemokine induction independent of the inflammasome."
    Taxman D.J., Holley-Guthrie E.A., Huang M.T., Moore C.B., Bergstralh D.T., Allen I.C., Lei Y., Gris D., Ting J.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 286:19605-19616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.35

    "AIM2 activates the inflammasome and cell death in response to cytoplasmic DNA."
    Fernandes-Alnemri T., Yu J.W., Datta P., Wu J., Alnemri E.S.
    Nature 458:509-513(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN AIM2 INFLAMMASOME, INTERACTION WITH AIM2, DOMAIN.
• positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• positive regulation of defense response to virus by host Source: Ensembl
• positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.34

    "Mechanism and repertoire of ASC-mediated gene expression."
    Hasegawa M., Imamura R., Motani K., Nishiuchi T., Matsumoto N., Kinoshita T., Suda T.
    J. Immunol. 182:7655-7662(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.41

    "The NLR adaptor ASC/PYCARD regulates DUSP10, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and chemokine induction independent of the inflammasome."
    Taxman D.J., Holley-Guthrie E.A., Huang M.T., Moore C.B., Bergstralh D.T., Allen I.C., Lei Y., Gris D., Ting J.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 286:19605-19616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.29

    "Mechanism of ASC-mediated apoptosis: bid-dependent apoptosis in type II cells."
    Hasegawa M., Kawase K., Inohara N., Imamura R., Yeh W.C., Kinoshita T., Suda T.
    Oncogene 26:1748-1756(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS.
• positive regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of interleukin-10 production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.26

    "ASC mediates the induction of multiple cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis via caspase-1-dependent and -independent pathways."
    Taxman D.J., Zhang J., Champagne C., Bergstralh D.T., Iocca H.A., Lich J.D., Ting J.P.
    J. Immunol. 177:4252-4256(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• positive regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.26

    "ASC mediates the induction of multiple cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis via caspase-1-dependent and -independent pathways."
    Taxman D.J., Zhang J., Champagne C., Bergstralh D.T., Iocca H.A., Lich J.D., Ting J.P.
    J. Immunol. 177:4252-4256(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.26

    "ASC mediates the induction of multiple cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis via caspase-1-dependent and -independent pathways."
    Taxman D.J., Zhang J., Champagne C., Bergstralh D.T., Iocca H.A., Lich J.D., Ting J.P.
    J. Immunol. 177:4252-4256(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of JNK cascade Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.41

    "The NLR adaptor ASC/PYCARD regulates DUSP10, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and chemokine induction independent of the inflammasome."
    Taxman D.J., Holley-Guthrie E.A., Huang M.T., Moore C.B., Bergstralh D.T., Allen I.C., Lei Y., Gris D., Ting J.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 286:19605-19616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "ASC is an activating adaptor for NF-kappa B and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis."
    Masumoto J., Dowds T.A., Schaner P., Chen F.F., Ogura Y., Li M., Zhu L., Katsuyama T., Sagara J., Taniguchi S., Gumucio D.L., Nunez G., Inohara N.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303:69-73(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, INTERACTION WITH CASP8, MUTAGENESIS OF LEU-12.
• positive regulation of phagocytosis Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "ASC is a Bax adaptor and regulates the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway."
    Ohtsuka T., Ryu H., Minamishima Y.A., Macip S., Sagara J., Nakayama K.I., Aaronson S.A., Lee S.W.
    Nat. Cell Biol. 6:121-128(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH BAX.
• positive regulation of T cell activation Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.42

    "Central and overlapping role of cathepsin B and inflammasome adaptor ASC in antigen presenting function of human dendritic cells."
    Guo X., Dhodapkar K.M.
    Hum. Immunol. 73:871-878(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of T cell migration Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.26

    "ASC mediates the induction of multiple cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis via caspase-1-dependent and -independent pathways."
    Taxman D.J., Zhang J., Champagne C., Bergstralh D.T., Iocca H.A., Lich J.D., Ting J.P.
    J. Immunol. 177:4252-4256(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
  • Ref.41

    "The NLR adaptor ASC/PYCARD regulates DUSP10, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and chemokine induction independent of the inflammasome."
    Taxman D.J., Holley-Guthrie E.A., Huang M.T., Moore C.B., Bergstralh D.T., Allen I.C., Lei Y., Gris D., Ting J.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 286:19605-19616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• protein homooligomerization Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The PYRIN domain-only protein POP3 inhibits ALR inflammasomes and regulates responses to infection with DNA viruses."
    Khare S., Ratsimandresy R.A., de Almeida L., Cuda C.M., Rellick S.L., Misharin A.V., Wallin M.C., Gangopadhyay A., Forte E., Gottwein E., Perlman H., Reed J.C., Greaves D.R., Dorfleutner A., Stehlik C.
    Nat. Immunol. 15:343-353(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
• regulation of autophagy Source: Ensembl
• regulation of GTPase activity Source: Ensembl
• regulation of inflammatory response Source: Ensembl
• regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "ASC is a Bax adaptor and regulates the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway."
    Ohtsuka T., Ryu H., Minamishima Y.A., Macip S., Sagara J., Nakayama K.I., Aaronson S.A., Lee S.W.
    Nat. Cell Biol. 6:121-128(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH BAX.
• regulation of protein stability Source: UniProtKB
• regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "ASC is a Bax adaptor and regulates the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway."
    Ohtsuka T., Ryu H., Minamishima Y.A., Macip S., Sagara J., Nakayama K.I., Aaronson S.A., Lee S.W.
    Nat. Cell Biol. 6:121-128(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH BAX.
• signal transduction Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing."
    Wang L., Manji G.A., Grenier J.M., Al-Garawi A., Merriam S., Lora J.M., Geddes B.J., Briskin M., DiStefano P.S., Bertin J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:29874-29880(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.16

    "The PAAD/PYRIN-only protein POP1/ASC2 is a modulator of ASC-mediated nuclear-factor-kappa B and pro-caspase-1 regulation."
    Stehlik C., Krajewska M., Welsh K., Krajewski S., Godzik A., Reed J.C.
    Biochem. J. 373:101-113(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PYDC1, DOMAIN, PHOSPHORYLATION.

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

Keywords - Diseaseⁱ

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous databases

Genetic variation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section reports the experimentally proven effects of inducers and repressors (usually chemical compounds or environmental factors) on the level of protein (or mRNA) expression (up-regulation, down-regulation, constitutive expression).<p><a href='/help/induction' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Inductionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• BMP receptor binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• enzyme binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• identical protein binding Source: IntActInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Unified polymerization mechanism for the assembly of ASC-dependent inflammasomes."
    Lu A., Magupalli V.G., Ruan J., Yin Q., Atianand M.K., Vos M.R., Schroder G.F., Fitzgerald K.A., Wu H., Egelman E.H.
    Cell 156:1193-1206(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Identification of multifaceted binding modes for pyrin and ASC pyrin domains gives insights into pyrin inflammasome assembly."
    Vajjhala P.R., Kaiser S., Smith S.J., Ong Q.R., Soh S.L., Stacey K.J., Hill J.M.
    J Biol Chem 289:23504-23519(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network."
    Rolland T., Tasan M., Charloteaux B., Pevzner S.J., Zhong Q., Sahni N., Yi S., Lemmens I., Fontanillo C., Mosca R., Kamburov A., Ghiassian S.D., Yang X., Ghamsari L., Balcha D., Begg B.E., Braun P., Brehme M.

    , Broly M.P., Carvunis A.R., Convery-Zupan D., Corominas R., Coulombe-Huntington J., Dann E., Dreze M., Dricot A., Fan C., Franzosa E., Gebreab F., Gutierrez B.J., Hardy M.F., Jin M., Kang S., Kiros R., Lin G.N., Luck K., MacWilliams A., Menche J., Murray R.R., Palagi A., Poulin M.M., Rambout X., Rasla J., Reichert P., Romero V., Ruyssinck E., Sahalie J.M., Scholz A., Shah A.A., Sharma A., Shen Y., Spirohn K., Tam S., Tejeda A.O., Trigg S.A., Twizere J.C., Vega K., Walsh J., Cusick M.E., Xia Y., Barabasi A.L., Iakoucheva L.M., Aloy P., De Las Rivas J., Tavernier J., Calderwood M.A., Hill D.E., Hao T., Roth F.P., Vidal M.
    Cell 159:1212-1226(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• interleukin-6 receptor binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ion channel binding Source: Ensembl
• myosin I binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protease binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein dimerization activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The PYRIN domain-only protein POP3 inhibits ALR inflammasomes and regulates responses to infection with DNA viruses."
    Khare S., Ratsimandresy R.A., de Almeida L., Cuda C.M., Rellick S.L., Misharin A.V., Wallin M.C., Gangopadhyay A., Forte E., Gottwein E., Perlman H., Reed J.C., Greaves D.R., Dorfleutner A., Stehlik C.
    Nat. Immunol. 15:343-353(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein homodimerization activity Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• Pyrin domain binding Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.18

    "NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder."
    Agostini L., Martinon F., Burns K., McDermott M.F., Hawkins P.N., Tschopp J.
    Immunity 20:319-325(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION IN NLRP2 AND NLRP3 INFLAMMASOMES, INTERACTION WITH NLRP2 AND NLRP3, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• tropomyosin binding Source: AgBaseInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Promyelocytic leukemia protein interacts with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein to limit inflammasome activation."
    Dowling J.K., Becker C.E., Bourke N.M., Corr S.C., Connolly D.J., Quinn S.R., Pandolfi P.P., Mansell A., O'Neill L.A.J.
    J Biol Chem 289:6429-6437(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (3+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 3 described isoforms and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MGRARDAILD ALENLTAEEL KKFKLKLLSV PLREGYGRIP RGALLSMDAL 
        60         70         80         90        100
DLTDKLVSFY LETYGAELTA NVLRDMGLQE MAGQLQAATH QGSGAAPAGI 
       110        120        130        140        150
QAPPQSAAKP GLHFIDQHRA ALIARVTNVE WLLDALYGKV LTDEQYQAVR 
       160        170        180        190 
AEPTNPSKMR KLFSFTPAWN WTCKDLLLQA LRESQSYLVE DLERS      

        10         20         30         40         50
MGRARDAILD ALENLTAEEL KKFKLKLLSV PLREGYGRIP RGALLSMDAL 
        60         70         80         90        100
DLTDKLVSFY LETYGAELTA NVLRDMGLQE MAGQLQAATH QGLHFIDQHR 
       110        120        130        140        150
AALIARVTNV EWLLDALYGK VLTDEQYQAV RAEPTNPSKM RKLFSFTPAW 
       160        170 
NWTCKDLLLQ ALRESQSYLV EDLERS                           

        10         20         30         40         50
MGRARDAILD ALENLTAEEL KKFKLQAATH QGSGAAPAGI QAPPQSAAKP 
        60         70         80         90        100
GLHFIDQHRA ALIARVTNVE WLLDALYGKV LTDEQYQAVR AEPTNPSKMR 
       110        120        130 
KLFSFTPAWN WTCKDLLLQA LRESQSYLVE DLERS                 

<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases