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UniProtKB - Q9UDR5 (AASS_HUMAN)

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Protein

Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial

Gene

AASS

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score: -Experimental evidence at protein leveli

Functioni

Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the first two steps in lysine degradation. The N-terminal and the C-terminal contain lysine-ketoglutarate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase activity, respectively.

Catalytic activityi

N6-(L-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine + NADP+ + H2O = L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH.
N6-(L-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine + NAD+ + H2O = L-glutamate + (S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate + NADH.

Pathwayi: L-lysine degradation via saccharopine pathway

This protein is involved in step 1 and 2 of the subpathway that synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine.
Proteins known to be involved in the 6 steps of the subpathway in this organism are:
  1. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial (AASS)
  2. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial (AASS)
  3. no protein annotated in this organism
  4. Kynurenine/alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase, mitochondrial (AADAT)
  5. no protein annotated in this organism
  6. Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (sucB), Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial (DLST)
This subpathway is part of the pathway L-lysine degradation via saccharopine pathway, which is itself part of Amino-acid degradation.
View all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the subpathway that synthesizes glutaryl-CoA from L-lysine, the pathway L-lysine degradation via saccharopine pathway and in Amino-acid degradation.

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Binding sitei604SaccharopineBy similarity1
Binding sitei653NADP; via amide nitrogenBy similarity1
Binding sitei703SaccharopineBy similarity1

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Nucleotide bindingi488 – 491NADPBy similarity4
Nucleotide bindingi603 – 605NADPBy similarity3

GO - Molecular functioni

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsi

Molecular functionMultifunctional enzyme, Oxidoreductase
LigandNAD, NADP

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCyciMetaCyc:HS00244-MONOMER
ReactomeiR-HSA-71064 Lysine catabolism
SABIO-RKiQ9UDR5
UniPathwayiUPA00868; UER00835
UPA00868; UER00836

Names & Taxonomyi

Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrial
Alternative name(s):
LKR/SDH
Including the following 2 domains:
Lysine ketoglutarate reductase (EC:1.5.1.8)
Short name:
LKR
Short name:
LOR
Saccharopine dehydrogenase (EC:1.5.1.9)
Short name:
SDH
Gene namesi
Name:AASS
OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 Componenti: Chromosome 7

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000008311.14
HGNCiHGNC:17366 AASS
MIMi605113 gene
neXtProtiNX_Q9UDR5

Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Mitochondrion

Pathology & Biotechi

Involvement in diseasei

Hyperlysinemia, 1 (HYPLYS1)1 Publication
The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. In hyperlysinemia 1, both enzymatic functions of AASS are defective and patients have increased serum lysine and possibly increased saccharopine. Some individuals, however, retain significant amounts of lysine-ketoglutarate reductase and present with saccharopinuria, a metabolic condition with few, if any, clinical manifestations.1 Publication
Disease descriptionAn autosomal recessive metabolic condition with variable clinical features. Some patients present with non-specific seizures, hypotonia, or mildly delayed psychomotor development, and increased serum lysine and pipecolic acid on laboratory analysis. However, about half of the probands are reported to be asymptomatic, and hyperlysinemia is generally considered to be a benign metabolic variant.
See also OMIM:238700
2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency (DECRD)1 Publication
The protein represented in this entry is involved in disease pathogenesis. A selective decrease in mitochondrial NADP(H) levels due to NADK2 mutations causes a deficiency of NADPH-dependent mitochondrial enzymes, such as DECR1 and AASS.1 Publication
Disease descriptionA rare, autosomal recessive, inborn error of polyunsaturated fatty acids and lysine metabolism, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Affected individuals have a severe encephalopathy with neurologic and metabolic abnormalities beginning in early infancy. Laboratory studies show increased C10:2 carnitine levels and hyperlysinemia.
See also OMIM:616034

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNETi10157
MalaCardsiAASS
MIMi238700 phenotype
616034 phenotype
OpenTargetsiENSG00000008311
Orphaneti2203 Hyperlysinemia
3124 Saccharopinuria
PharmGKBiPA24369

Chemistry databases

DrugBankiDB00142 L-Glutamic Acid
DB04207 N-(5-Amino-5-Carboxypentyl)Glutamic Acid
DB00157 NADH
DB02338 Nadph Dihydro-Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotidephosphate

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaiAASS
DMDMi46396032

PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Transit peptidei1 – 32MitochondrionBy similarityAdd BLAST32
ChainiPRO_000000105233 – 926Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase, mitochondrialAdd BLAST894

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Modified residuei48N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei56N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei93N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei93N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei128N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei138N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei138N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei274N6-succinyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei286N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei286N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei333N6-succinyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei458N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei458N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei523N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei523N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei535N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei535N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei584N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei584N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei707N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei732N6-succinyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei739N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei761N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei761N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity1
Modified residuei780N6-acetyllysineBy similarity1

Keywords - PTMi

Acetylation

Proteomic databases

EPDiQ9UDR5
MaxQBiQ9UDR5
PaxDbiQ9UDR5
PeptideAtlasiQ9UDR5
PRIDEiQ9UDR5
ProteomicsDBi84114

PTM databases

CarbonylDBiQ9UDR5
iPTMnetiQ9UDR5
PhosphoSitePlusiQ9UDR5

Expressioni

Tissue specificityi

Expressed in all 16 tissues examined with highest expression in the liver.

Inductioni

Induced by starvation.By similarity

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000008311
CleanExiHS_AASS
ExpressionAtlasiQ9UDR5 baseline and differential
GenevisibleiQ9UDR5 HS

Organism-specific databases

HPAiHPA020637
HPA020728
HPA020734

Interactioni

Subunit structurei

Homodimer.By similarity

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridi115459, 12 interactors
IntActiQ9UDR5, 6 interactors
MINTiQ9UDR5
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000377040

Structurei

Secondary structure

1926
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Beta strandi483 – 486Combined sources4
Helixi492 – 499Combined sources8
Beta strandi500 – 503Combined sources4
Beta strandi507 – 512Combined sources6
Helixi514 – 523Combined sources10
Beta strandi527 – 530Combined sources4
Turni533 – 535Combined sources3
Helixi537 – 545Combined sources9
Beta strandi548 – 552Combined sources5
Helixi556 – 558Combined sources3
Helixi559 – 569Combined sources11
Beta strandi572 – 577Combined sources6
Helixi581 – 584Combined sources4
Helixi587 – 593Combined sources7
Beta strandi596 – 598Combined sources3
Turni603 – 606Combined sources4
Helixi607 – 620Combined sources14
Turni621 – 623Combined sources3
Beta strandi625 – 637Combined sources13
Helixi639 – 641Combined sources3
Beta strandi650 – 652Combined sources3
Helixi655 – 660Combined sources6
Beta strandi665 – 669Combined sources5
Beta strandi672 – 676Combined sources5
Helixi679 – 685Combined sources7
Beta strandi687 – 689Combined sources3
Beta strandi697 – 701Combined sources5
Beta strandi703 – 705Combined sources3
Helixi708 – 712Combined sources5
Beta strandi718 – 727Combined sources10
Helixi730 – 740Combined sources11
Helixi760 – 768Combined sources9
Helixi775 – 785Combined sources11
Turni787 – 789Combined sources3
Helixi791 – 800Combined sources10
Turni801 – 803Combined sources3
Helixi814 – 825Combined sources12
Beta strandi834 – 845Combined sources12
Beta strandi851 – 861Combined sources11
Beta strandi864 – 866Combined sources3
Helixi869 – 886Combined sources18
Beta strandi894 – 896Combined sources3
Helixi901 – 910Combined sources10
Turni911 – 915Combined sources5
Beta strandi917 – 924Combined sources8

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortaliQ9UDR5
SMRiQ9UDR5
ModBaseiSearch...
MobiDBiSearch...

Family & Domainsi

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Regioni33 – 455Lysine-ketoglutarate reductaseAdd BLAST423
Regioni477 – 926Saccharopine dehydrogenaseAdd BLAST450
Regioni577 – 578Saccharopine bindingBy similarity2
Regioni724 – 726Saccharopine bindingBy similarity3

Sequence similaritiesi

In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AlaDH/PNT family.Curated
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the saccharopine dehydrogenase family.Curated

Keywords - Domaini

Transit peptide

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG0172 Eukaryota
COG1748 LUCA
GeneTreeiENSGT00390000013249
HOGENOMiHOG000252920
HOVERGENiHBG048688
InParanoidiQ9UDR5
KOiK14157
OMAiIHDKEYV
OrthoDBiEOG091G03D7
PhylomeDBiQ9UDR5
TreeFamiTF105728

Family and domain databases

InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR007886 AlaDH/PNT_N
IPR007698 AlaDH/PNT_NAD(H)-bd
IPR036291 NAD(P)-bd_dom_sf
IPR032095 Sacchrp_dh_C
IPR005097 Sacchrp_dh_NADP
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF05222 AlaDh_PNT_N, 1 hit
PF16653 Sacchrp_dh_C, 1 hit
PF03435 Sacchrp_dh_NADP, 1 hit
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM01002 AlaDh_PNT_C, 1 hit
SM01003 AlaDh_PNT_N, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF51735 SSF51735, 1 hit

Sequencei

Sequence statusi: Complete.

Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

Q9UDR5-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MLQVHRTGLG RLGVSLSKGL HHKAVLAVRR EDVNAWERRA PLAPKHIKGI 
        60         70         80         90        100
TNLGYKVLIQ PSNRRAIHDK DYVKAGGILQ EDISEACLIL GVKRPPEEKL 
       110        120        130        140        150
MSRKTYAFFS HTIKAQEANM GLLDEILKQE IRLIDYEKMV DHRGVRVVAF 
       160        170        180        190        200
GQWAGVAGMI NILHGMGLRL LALGHHTPFM HIGMAHNYRN SSQAVQAVRD 
       210        220        230        240        250
AGYEISLGLM PKSIGPLTFV FTGTGNVSKG AQAIFNELPC EYVEPHELKE 
       260        270        280        290        300
VSQTGDLRKV YGTVLSRHHH LVRKTDAVYD PAEYDKHPER YISRFNTDIA 
       310        320        330        340        350
PYTTCLINGI YWEQNTPRLL TRQDAQSLLA PGKFSPAGVE GCPALPHKLV 
       360        370        380        390        400
AICDISADTG GSIEFMTECT TIEHPFCMYD ADQHIIHDSV EGSGILMCSI 
       410        420        430        440        450
DNLPAQLPIE ATECFGDMLY PYVEEMILSD ATQPLESQNF SPVVRDAVIT 
       460        470        480        490        500
SNGTLPDKYK YIQTLRESRE RAQSLSMGTR RKVLVLGSGY ISEPVLEYLS 
       510        520        530        540        550
RDGNIEITVG SDMKNQIEQL GKKYNINPVS MDICKQEEKL GFLVAKQDLV 
       560        570        580        590        600
ISLLPYVLHP LVAKACITNK VNMVTASYIT PALKELEKSV EDAGITIIGE 
       610        620        630        640        650
LGLDPGLDHM LAMETIDKAK EVGATIESYI SYCGGLPAPE HSNNPLRYKF 
       660        670        680        690        700
SWSPVGVLMN VMQSATYLLD GKVVNVAGGI SFLDAVTSMD FFPGLNLEGY 
       710        720        730        740        750
PNRDSTKYAE IYGISSAHTL LRGTLRYKGY MKALNGFVKL GLINREALPA 
       760        770        780        790        800
FRPEANPLTW KQLLCDLVGI SPSSEHDVLK EAVLKKLGGD NTQLEAAEWL 
       810        820        830        840        850
GLLGDEQVPQ AESILDALSK HLVMKLSYGP EEKDMIVMRD SFGIRHPSGH 
       860        870        880        890        900
LEHKTIDLVA YGDINGFSAM AKTVGLPTAM AAKMLLDGEI GAKGLMGPFS 
       910        920 
KEIYGPILER IKAEGIIYTT QSTIKP
Length:926
Mass (Da):102,132
Last modified:May 1, 2000 - v1
Checksum:iCB4194014351A18D
GO

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Sequence conflicti589S → C in CAA07619 (Ref. 2) Curated1

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
AF229180 mRNA Translation: AAF44328.1
AJ007714 mRNA Translation: CAA07619.2
AC006020 Genomic DNA Translation: AAF03526.1
CCDSiCCDS5783.1
RefSeqiNP_005754.2, NM_005763.3
UniGeneiHs.156738

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000393376; ENSP00000377040; ENSG00000008311
ENST00000417368; ENSP00000403768; ENSG00000008311
GeneIDi10157
KEGGihsa:10157
UCSCiuc003vka.4 human

Similar proteinsi

Entry informationi

Entry nameiAASS_HUMAN
AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: Q9UDR5
Secondary accession number(s): O95462
Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: April 13, 2004
Last sequence update: May 1, 2000
Last modified: June 20, 2018
This is version 151 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Human chromosome 7
    Human chromosome 7: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  2. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3. PATHWAY comments
    Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways
  4. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  5. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families

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