UniProtKB - Q9SAK4 (SSDH_ARATH)
Protein
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Gene
ALDH5F1
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)
Status
Functioni
Oxidizes specifically succinate semialdehyde. Involved in plant response to environmental stress by preventing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, probably by regulating proline, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) levels (PubMed:15642352). Required for the maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) structure and subsequent adaxial-abaxial axis-dependent development of cotyledons and leaves (PubMed:21690177, PubMed:25840087).5 Publications
Catalytic activityi
- EC:1.2.1.241 Publication
Activity regulationi
Competitive inhibition by NADH. Inhibited by ATP, ADP and AMP. Redox-regulated. Inhibited under oxydizing conditions (By similarity).By similarity
Kineticsi
- KM=130 µM for NAD+ (at 24 degrees Celsius)1 Publication
pH dependencei
Optimum pH is 9-9.5.1 Publication
: 4-aminobutanoate degradation Pathwayi
This protein is involved in the pathway 4-aminobutanoate degradation, which is part of Amino-acid degradation.1 PublicationView all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the pathway 4-aminobutanoate degradation and in Amino-acid degradation.
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sitei | 199 | Transition state stabilizerBy similarity | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 207 | SubstrateBy similarity | 1 | |
Active sitei | 297 | Proton acceptorPROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 297 | NADBy similarity | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 325 | SubstrateBy similarity | 1 | |
Active sitei | 331 | NucleophilePROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 488 | SubstrateBy similarity | 1 |
Regions
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleotide bindingi | 196 – 198 | NADBy similarity | 3 | |
Nucleotide bindingi | 222 – 225 | NADBy similarity | 4 | |
Nucleotide bindingi | 275 – 280 | NADBy similarity | 6 | |
Nucleotide bindingi | 428 – 430 | NADBy similarity | 3 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- copper ion binding Source: TAIR
- NAD binding Source: TAIR
- succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity Source: TAIR
- succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity Source: GO_Central
GO - Biological processi
- adaxial/abaxial axis specification Source: UniProtKB
- cotyledon development Source: UniProtKB
- gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process Source: TAIR
- glutamate decarboxylation to succinate Source: TAIR
- leaf development Source: UniProtKB
- maintenance of shoot apical meristem identity Source: UniProtKB
- reactive oxygen species metabolic process Source: TAIR
- response to cold Source: UniProtKB
- response to heat Source: TAIR
- response to light stimulus Source: UniProtKB
- response to salt Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Oxidoreductase |
Ligand | NAD |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | ARA:AT1G79440-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.2.1.24, 399 |
UniPathwayi | UPA00733 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial1 Publication (EC:1.2.1.241 Publication)Short name: At-SSADH11 Publication Alternative name(s): Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 5 member F12 Publications NAD(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase1 Publication Protein ENLARGED FIL EXPRESSING DOMAIN 12 Publications |
Gene namesi | Name:ALDH5F12 Publications Synonyms:ENF12 Publications, SSADH11 Publication Ordered Locus Names:At1g79440Imported ORF Names:T8K14.14Imported |
Organismi | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 3702 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliopsida › eudicotyledons › Gunneridae › Pentapetalae › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
Araporti | AT1G79440 |
TAIRi | locus:2206405, AT1G79440 |
Subcellular locationi
Mitochondrion
- Mitochondrion matrix 1 Publication
Chloroplast
- chloroplast Source: TAIR
- chloroplast stroma Source: TAIR
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: TAIR
Mitochondrion
- mitochondrial matrix Source: TAIR
- mitochondrion Source: TAIR
Keywords - Cellular componenti
MitochondrionPathology & Biotechi
Disruption phenotypei
Plants are sensitive to UVB and heat stress, and accumulate elevated levels of H2O2 (PubMed:12740438). High light-dependent increased of proline, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) levels. Treatment with gamma-vinyl-gamma-aminobutyrate, a specific gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA)-transaminase inhibitor, prevents the accumulation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and GHB in ssadh mutants, inhibits cell death, and improves growth (PubMed:15642352). The ssadh mutant defects associated with stress responses are suppressed by POP2 disruption (PubMed:18846220). In enf1, pleiotropic developmental defects including dwarfism, and abnormal leaf shape (including abaxialized and adaxialized leaves) and cotyledon associated with altered GABA and SucA levels in shoots; these phenotypes are partially suppressed by the disruption of POP2/GABAT1, GSA1, GSA2 and HEMA1 (PubMed:21690177, PubMed:25840087). Abnormal FIL expression, especially in the adaxial side, in the leaf primordia (PubMed:21690177).5 Publications
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Transit peptidei | 1 – 34 | MitochondrionSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 34 | |
ChainiPRO_0000256064 | 35 – 528 | Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrialAdd BLAST | 494 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Disulfide bondi | 331 ↔ 333 | In inhibited formBy similarity |
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bondProteomic databases
PaxDbi | Q9SAK4 |
PRIDEi | Q9SAK4 |
ProteomicsDBi | 232490 |
PTM databases
MetOSitei | Q9SAK4 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Expressed in developing leaf tissues.1 Publication
Inductioni
Induced during cold (4 degrees Celsius) acclimation (PubMed:17461790). Induced by salt (NaCl) (PubMed:20122158).2 Publications
Gene expression databases
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9SAK4, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9SAK4, AT |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Homotetramer.
1 PublicationProtein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 3702.AT1G79440.1 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.Curated
Keywords - Domaini
Transit peptidePhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG2451, Eukaryota |
HOGENOMi | CLU_005391_5_0_1 |
InParanoidi | Q9SAK4 |
OMAi | WHKLIEQ |
OrthoDBi | 899961at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9SAK4 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.309.10, 1 hit 3.40.605.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR016161, Ald_DH/histidinol_DH IPR016163, Ald_DH_C IPR016160, Ald_DH_CS_CYS IPR029510, Ald_DH_CS_GLU IPR016162, Ald_DH_N IPR015590, Aldehyde_DH_dom IPR010102, Succ_semiAld_DH |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00171, Aldedh, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53720, SSF53720, 1 hit |
TIGRFAMsi | TIGR01780, SSADH, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00070, ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_CYS, 1 hit PS00687, ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_GLU, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
Q9SAK4-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MVIGAAARVA IGGCRKLISS HTSLLLVSSQ CRQMSMDAQS VSEKLRSSGL
60 70 80 90 100
LRTQGLIGGK WLDSYDNKTI KVNNPATGEI IADVACMGTK ETNDAIASSY
110 120 130 140 150
EAFTSWSRLT AGERSKVLRR WYDLLIAHKE ELGQLITLEQ GKPLKEAIGE
160 170 180 190 200
VAYGASFIEY YAEEAKRVYG DIIPPNLSDR RLLVLKQPVG VVGAITPWNF
210 220 230 240 250
PLAMITRKVG PALASGCTVV VKPSELTPLT ALAAAELALQ AGVPPGALNV
260 270 280 290 300
VMGNAPEIGD ALLTSPQVRK ITFTGSTAVG KKLMAAAAPT VKKVSLELGG
310 320 330 340 350
NAPSIVFDDA DLDVAVKGTL AAKFRNSGQT CVCANRVLVQ DGIYDKFAEA
360 370 380 390 400
FSEAVQKLEV GDGFRDGTTQ GPLINDAAVQ KVETFVQDAV SKGAKIIIGG
410 420 430 440 450
KRHSLGMTFY EPTVIRDVSD NMIMSKEEIF GPVAPLIRFK TEEDAIRIAN
460 470 480 490 500
DTIAGLAAYI FTNSVQRSWR VFEALEYGLV GVNEGLISTE VAPFGGVKQS
510 520
GLGREGSKYG MDEYLEIKYV CLGDMNRH
Sequence cautioni
The sequence AAD30232 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.Curated
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF117335 mRNA Translation: AAF23590.1 AC007202 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD30232.1 Sequence problems. CP002684 Genomic DNA Translation: AEE36243.1 AF428367 mRNA Translation: AAL16297.1 AY056147 mRNA Translation: AAL07226.1 |
PIRi | E96825 |
RefSeqi | NP_178062.1, NM_106592.5 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlantsi | AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440 |
GeneIDi | 844282 |
Gramenei | AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440 |
KEGGi | ath:AT1G79440 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF117335 mRNA Translation: AAF23590.1 AC007202 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD30232.1 Sequence problems. CP002684 Genomic DNA Translation: AEE36243.1 AF428367 mRNA Translation: AAL16297.1 AY056147 mRNA Translation: AAL07226.1 |
PIRi | E96825 |
RefSeqi | NP_178062.1, NM_106592.5 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | Q9SAK4 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 3702.AT1G79440.1 |
PTM databases
MetOSitei | Q9SAK4 |
Proteomic databases
PaxDbi | Q9SAK4 |
PRIDEi | Q9SAK4 |
ProteomicsDBi | 232490 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlantsi | AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440 |
GeneIDi | 844282 |
Gramenei | AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440.1; AT1G79440 |
KEGGi | ath:AT1G79440 |
Organism-specific databases
Araporti | AT1G79440 |
TAIRi | locus:2206405, AT1G79440 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG2451, Eukaryota |
HOGENOMi | CLU_005391_5_0_1 |
InParanoidi | Q9SAK4 |
OMAi | WHKLIEQ |
OrthoDBi | 899961at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9SAK4 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00733 |
BioCyci | ARA:AT1G79440-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.2.1.24, 399 |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:Q9SAK4 |
Gene expression databases
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9SAK4, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9SAK4, AT |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.309.10, 1 hit 3.40.605.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR016161, Ald_DH/histidinol_DH IPR016163, Ald_DH_C IPR016160, Ald_DH_CS_CYS IPR029510, Ald_DH_CS_GLU IPR016162, Ald_DH_N IPR015590, Aldehyde_DH_dom IPR010102, Succ_semiAld_DH |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00171, Aldedh, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53720, SSF53720, 1 hit |
TIGRFAMsi | TIGR01780, SSADH, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00070, ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_CYS, 1 hit PS00687, ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_GLU, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | SSDH_ARATH | |
Accessioni | Q9SAK4Primary (citable) accession number: Q9SAK4 Secondary accession number(s): Q9SEK4 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | October 31, 2006 |
Last sequence update: | October 31, 2006 | |
Last modified: | December 2, 2020 | |
This is version 139 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Plant Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana: entries and gene names - PATHWAY comments
Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families