UniProtKB - Q9NYY3 (PLK2_HUMAN)
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK2
PLK2
Functioni
Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in synaptic plasticity, centriole duplication and G1/S phase transition. Polo-like kinases act by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates CENPJ, NPM1, RAPGEF2, RASGRF1, SNCA, SIPA1L1 and SYNGAP1. Plays a key role in synaptic plasticity and memory by regulating the Ras and Rap protein signaling: required for overactivity-dependent spine remodeling by phosphorylating the Ras activator RASGRF1 and the Rap inhibitor SIPA1L1 leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Conversely, phosphorylates the Rap activator RAPGEF2 and the Ras inhibitor SYNGAP1, promoting their activity. Also regulates synaptic plasticity independently of kinase activity, via its interaction with NSF that disrupts the interaction between NSF and the GRIA2 subunit of AMPARs, leading to a rapid rundown of AMPAR-mediated current that occludes long term depression. Required for procentriole formation and centriole duplication by phosphorylating CENPJ and NPM1, respectively. Its induction by p53/TP53 suggests that it may participate in the mitotic checkpoint following stress.
4 PublicationsMiscellaneous
Catalytic activityi
Activity regulationi
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Binding sitei | 111 | ATPPROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 | |
Active sitei | 205 | Proton acceptorPROSITE-ProRule annotation | 1 |
Regions
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleotide bindingi | 88 – 96 | ATPPROSITE-ProRule annotation | 9 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
- ATP-dependent protein binding Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
- protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity Source: RHEA
- protein serine/threonine kinase activity Source: UniProtKB
- protein serine kinase activity Source: RHEA
GO - Biological processi
- DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest Source: Reactome
- G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Source: UniProtKB
- long-term synaptic depression Source: UniProtKB
- long-term synaptic potentiation Source: UniProtKB
- memory Source: UniProtKB
- mitotic cell cycle Source: GO_Central
- mitotic spindle organization Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of angiogenesis Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of cellular senescence Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Source: Reactome
- peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
- positive regulation of autophagy Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
- positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of protein catabolic process Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
- protein phosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
- Rap protein signal transduction Source: UniProtKB
- Ras protein signal transduction Source: UniProtKB
- regulation of centriole replication Source: UniProtKB
- regulation of cytokinesis Source: GO_Central
- regulation of synaptic plasticity Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Kinase, Serine/threonine-protein kinase, Transferase |
Ligand | ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 2.7.11.21, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | Q9NYY3 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-6804115, TP53 regulates transcription of additional cell cycle genes whose exact role in the p53 pathway remain uncertain R-HSA-9662834, CD163 mediating an anti-inflammatory response |
SignaLinki | Q9NYY3 |
SIGNORi | Q9NYY3 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK2 (EC:2.7.11.21)Alternative name(s): Polo-like kinase 2 Short name: PLK-2 Short name: hPlk2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase SNK Short name: hSNK Serum-inducible kinase |
Gene namesi | Name:PLK2 Synonyms:SNK |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:19699, PLK2 |
MIMi | 607023, gene |
neXtProti | NX_Q9NYY3 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000145632 |
Subcellular locationi
Cytoskeleton
- centriole Source: UniProtKB
- centrosome Source: UniProtKB
- spindle pole Source: GO_Central
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: Reactome
Nucleus
- nucleus Source: GO_Central
Other locations
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cell projection, Cytoplasm, CytoskeletonPathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 210 | N → A: Loss of kinase activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 503 | W → F: Impairs localization to the centrosome and centriole duplication; when associated with A-629 and M-631. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 629 | H → A: Impairs localization to the centrosome and centriole duplication; when associated with F-503 and M-631. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 631 | K → M: Impairs localization to the centrosome and centriole duplication; when associated with F-503 and A-631. 1 Publication | 1 |
Keywords - Diseasei
Tumor suppressorOrganism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 10769 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000145632 |
PharmGKBi | PA134940798 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | Q9NYY3, Tchem |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5938 |
DrugBanki | DB12010, Fostamatinib |
DrugCentrali | Q9NYY3 |
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGYi | 2169 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PLK2 |
DMDMi | 22096374 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000086561 | 1 – 685 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK2Add BLAST | 685 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 239 | PhosphothreonineBy similarity | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Keywords - PTMi
PhosphoproteinProteomic databases
MassIVEi | Q9NYY3 |
MaxQBi | Q9NYY3 |
PaxDbi | Q9NYY3 |
PeptideAtlasi | Q9NYY3 |
PRIDEi | Q9NYY3 |
ProteomicsDBi | 83299 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | Q9NYY3 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q9NYY3 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Inductioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000145632, Expressed in frontal cortex and 239 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9NYY3, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9NYY3, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000145632, Low tissue specificity |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Interacts with NSF; causing NSF dissociation from GRIA2.
Interacts with CIB1 (By similarity).
By similarityBinary interactionsi
GO - Molecular functioni
- ATP-dependent protein binding Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 115988, 54 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-48943N |
IntActi | Q9NYY3, 48 interactors |
MINTi | Q9NYY3 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000274289 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | Q9NYY3 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | Q9NYY3, protein |
Structurei
Secondary structure
3D structure databases
AlphaFoldDBi | Q9NYY3 |
SMRi | Q9NYY3 |
ModBasei | Search... |
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 82 – 334 | Protein kinasePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 253 | |
Domaini | 510 – 573 | POLO box 1PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 64 | |
Domaini | 606 – 677 | POLO box 2PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 72 |
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 21 – 70 | DisorderedSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 50 | |
Regioni | 406 – 433 | DisorderedSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 28 |
Compositional bias
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional biasi | 406 – 420 | Basic and acidic residuesSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 15 |
Domaini
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
RepeatPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0575, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000158739 |
InParanoidi | Q9NYY3 |
OMAi | MPEADSN |
OrthoDBi | 507604at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9NYY3 |
TreeFami | TF101089 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd13118, POLO_box_1, 1 hit cd13117, POLO_box_2, 1 hit cd14188, STKc_PLK2, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 3.30.1120.30, 2 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR011009, Kinase-like_dom_sf IPR042825, PLK2_STKc IPR033701, POLO_box_1 IPR033695, POLO_box_2 IPR000959, POLO_box_dom IPR036947, POLO_box_dom_sf IPR000719, Prot_kinase_dom IPR017441, Protein_kinase_ATP_BS IPR008271, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00069, Pkinase, 1 hit PF00659, POLO_box, 2 hits |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00220, S_TKc, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF56112, SSF56112, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50078, POLO_BOX, 2 hits PS00107, PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP, 1 hit PS50011, PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM, 1 hit PS00108, PROTEIN_KINASE_ST, 1 hit |
(1+)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
10 20 30 40 50
MELLRTITYQ PAASTKMCEQ ALGKGCGADS KKKRPPQPPE ESQPPQSQAQ
60 70 80 90 100
VPPAAPHHHH HHSHSGPEIS RIIVDPTTGK RYCRGKVLGK GGFAKCYEMT
110 120 130 140 150
DLTNNKVYAA KIIPHSRVAK PHQREKIDKE IELHRILHHK HVVQFYHYFE
160 170 180 190 200
DKENIYILLE YCSRRSMAHI LKARKVLTEP EVRYYLRQIV SGLKYLHEQE
210 220 230 240 250
ILHRDLKLGN FFINEAMELK VGDFGLAARL EPLEHRRRTI CGTPNYLSPE
260 270 280 290 300
VLNKQGHGCE SDIWALGCVM YTMLLGRPPF ETTNLKETYR CIREARYTMP
310 320 330 340 350
SSLLAPAKHL IASMLSKNPE DRPSLDDIIR HDFFLQGFTP DRLSSSCCHT
360 370 380 390 400
VPDFHLSSPA KNFFKKAAAA LFGGKKDKAR YIDTHNRVSK EDEDIYKLRH
410 420 430 440 450
DLKKTSITQQ PSKHRTDEEL QPPTTTVARS GTPAVENKQQ IGDAIRMIVR
460 470 480 490 500
GTLGSCSSSS ECLEDSTMGS VADTVARVLR GCLENMPEAD CIPKEQLSTS
510 520 530 540 550
FQWVTKWVDY SNKYGFGYQL SDHTVGVLFN NGAHMSLLPD KKTVHYYAEL
560 570 580 590 600
GQCSVFPATD APEQFISQVT VLKYFSHYME ENLMDGGDLP SVTDIRRPRL
610 620 630 640 650
YLLQWLKSDK ALMMLFNDGT FQVNFYHDHT KIIICSQNEE YLLTYINEDR
660 670 680
ISTTFRLTTL LMSGCSSELK NRMEYALNML LQRCN
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basketA0A087WUH9 | A0A087WUH9_HUMAN | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK | PLK2 | 671 | Annotation score: |
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 28 | A → G in AAC14573 (PubMed:11696980).Curated | 1 |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_041023 | 14 | S → T in an ovarian Endometrioid carcinoma sample; somatic mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1404394734Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_041024 | 92 | G → S in a lung adenocarcinoma sample; somatic mutation. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_041025 | 436 | E → K1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs55768901Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_041026 | 487 | P → L1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs55645589Ensembl. | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF059617 mRNA Translation: AAC14573.1 AF223574 mRNA Translation: AAF62897.1 U85755 mRNA Translation: AAD00575.1 AC008814 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC013879 mRNA Translation: AAH13879.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS3974.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_001239155.1, NM_001252226.1 NP_006613.2, NM_006622.3 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000274289.8; ENSP00000274289.3; ENSG00000145632.15 |
GeneIDi | 10769 |
KEGGi | hsa:10769 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000274289.8; ENSP00000274289.3; NM_006622.4; NP_006613.2 |
UCSCi | uc003jrn.4, human |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF059617 mRNA Translation: AAC14573.1 AF223574 mRNA Translation: AAF62897.1 U85755 mRNA Translation: AAD00575.1 AC008814 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC013879 mRNA Translation: AAH13879.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS3974.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_001239155.1, NM_001252226.1 NP_006613.2, NM_006622.3 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
4I5M | X-ray | 1.80 | A | 57-360 | [»] | |
4I5P | X-ray | 1.74 | A | 57-360 | [»] | |
4I6B | X-ray | 1.80 | A | 57-360 | [»] | |
4I6F | X-ray | 2.90 | A | 57-360 | [»] | |
4I6H | X-ray | 1.91 | A | 57-360 | [»] | |
4RS6 | X-ray | 2.60 | A/B | 451-685 | [»] | |
4XB0 | X-ray | 2.70 | A/B | 468-685 | [»] | |
AlphaFoldDBi | Q9NYY3 | |||||
SMRi | Q9NYY3 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 115988, 54 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-48943N |
IntActi | Q9NYY3, 48 interactors |
MINTi | Q9NYY3 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000274289 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | Q9NYY3 |
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5938 |
DrugBanki | DB12010, Fostamatinib |
DrugCentrali | Q9NYY3 |
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGYi | 2169 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | Q9NYY3 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q9NYY3 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PLK2 |
DMDMi | 22096374 |
Proteomic databases
MassIVEi | Q9NYY3 |
MaxQBi | Q9NYY3 |
PaxDbi | Q9NYY3 |
PeptideAtlasi | Q9NYY3 |
PRIDEi | Q9NYY3 |
ProteomicsDBi | 83299 |
Protocols and materials databases
Antibodypediai | 4042, 265 antibodies from 32 providers |
DNASUi | 10769 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000274289.8; ENSP00000274289.3; ENSG00000145632.15 |
GeneIDi | 10769 |
KEGGi | hsa:10769 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000274289.8; ENSP00000274289.3; NM_006622.4; NP_006613.2 |
UCSCi | uc003jrn.4, human |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 10769 |
DisGeNETi | 10769 |
GeneCardsi | PLK2 |
HGNCi | HGNC:19699, PLK2 |
HPAi | ENSG00000145632, Low tissue specificity |
MIMi | 607023, gene |
neXtProti | NX_Q9NYY3 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000145632 |
PharmGKBi | PA134940798 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000145632 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0575, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000158739 |
InParanoidi | Q9NYY3 |
OMAi | MPEADSN |
OrthoDBi | 507604at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9NYY3 |
TreeFami | TF101089 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 2.7.11.21, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | Q9NYY3 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-6804115, TP53 regulates transcription of additional cell cycle genes whose exact role in the p53 pathway remain uncertain R-HSA-9662834, CD163 mediating an anti-inflammatory response |
SignaLinki | Q9NYY3 |
SIGNORi | Q9NYY3 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 10769, 11 hits in 1103 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | PLK2, human |
GeneWikii | PLK2 |
GenomeRNAii | 10769 |
Pharosi | Q9NYY3, Tchem |
PROi | PR:Q9NYY3 |
RNActi | Q9NYY3, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000145632, Expressed in frontal cortex and 239 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9NYY3, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9NYY3, HS |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd13118, POLO_box_1, 1 hit cd13117, POLO_box_2, 1 hit cd14188, STKc_PLK2, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 3.30.1120.30, 2 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR011009, Kinase-like_dom_sf IPR042825, PLK2_STKc IPR033701, POLO_box_1 IPR033695, POLO_box_2 IPR000959, POLO_box_dom IPR036947, POLO_box_dom_sf IPR000719, Prot_kinase_dom IPR017441, Protein_kinase_ATP_BS IPR008271, Ser/Thr_kinase_AS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00069, Pkinase, 1 hit PF00659, POLO_box, 2 hits |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00220, S_TKc, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF56112, SSF56112, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50078, POLO_BOX, 2 hits PS00107, PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP, 1 hit PS50011, PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM, 1 hit PS00108, PROTEIN_KINASE_ST, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | PLK2_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | Q9NYY3Primary (citable) accession number: Q9NYY3 Secondary accession number(s): O60679, Q96CV7, Q9UE61 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | January 11, 2001 |
Last sequence update: | August 2, 2002 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 189 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human and mouse protein kinases
Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index - Human chromosome 5
Human chromosome 5: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families