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UniProtKB - Q9NNW7 (TRXR2_HUMAN)

Entry version 197 (10 Feb 2021)
Sequence version 3 (26 Feb 2008)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial

Gene

TXNRD2

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Involved in the control of reactive oxygen species levels and the regulation of mitochondrial redox homeostasis (PubMed:24601690). Maintains thioredoxin in a reduced state. May play a role in redox-regulated cell signaling.1 Publication

Miscellaneous

The active site is a redox-active disulfide bond. The selenocysteine residue is essential for enzymatic activity (By similarity).By similarity

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityi

<p>This subsection of the 'Function' section provides information relevant to cofactors. A cofactor is any non-protein substance required for a protein to be catalytically active. Some cofactors are inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in various oxidation states. Others, such as most vitamins, are organic.<p><a href='/help/cofactor' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cofactori

FADUniRule annotationCurated

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section is used for enzymes and indicates the residues directly involved in catalysis.<p><a href='/help/act_site' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Active sitei497Proton acceptorBy similarity1

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes a region in the protein which binds nucleotide phosphates. It always involves more than one amino acid and includes all residues involved in nucleotide-binding.<p><a href='/help/np_bind' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Nucleotide bindingi41 – 70FADBy similarityAdd BLAST30

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionOxidoreductase
LigandFAD, Flavoprotein, NADP

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA Comprehensive Enzyme Information System

More...BRENDAi		1.8.1.9, 2681

Pathway Commons web resource for biological pathway data

More...PathwayCommonsi		Q9NNW7

Reactome - a knowledgebase of biological pathways and processes

More...Reactomei		R-HSA-3299685, Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrial (EC:1.8.1.9)
Alternative name(s):
Selenoprotein Z
Short name:
SelZ
TR-beta
Thioredoxin reductase TR3
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:TXNRD2
Synonyms:KIAA1652, TRXR2
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)Imported
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome 22

Organism-specific databases

Human Gene Nomenclature Database

More...HGNCi		HGNC:18155, TXNRD2

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

More...MIMi		606448, gene

neXtProt; the human protein knowledge platform

More...neXtProti		NX_Q9NNW7

Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Database Resources

More...VEuPathDBi		HostDB:ENSG00000184470.20

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte & Seán O’Donoghue; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Mitochondrion

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

<p>This subsection of the 'Pathology and Biotech' section provides information on the disease(s) associated with genetic variations in a given protein. The information is extracted from the scientific literature and diseases that are also described in the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim">OMIM</a> database are represented with a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/diseases">controlled vocabulary</a> in the following way:<p><a href='/help/involvement_in_disease' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Involvement in diseasei

Glucocorticoid deficiency 5 (GCCD5)1 Publication
The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionA form of glucocorticoid deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by resistance to ACTH action on the adrenal cortex, adrenal insufficiency and an inability of the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol. It usually presents in the neonatal period or in early childhood with episodes of hypoglycemia and other symptoms related to cortisol deficiency, including failure to thrive, recurrent illnesses or infections, convulsions, and shock. In a small number of patients hypoglycemia can be sufficiently severe and persistent that it leads to serious long-term neurological damage or death. The diagnosis is readily confirmed with a low plasma cortisol measurement in the presence of an elevated ACTH level, and normal aldosterone and plasma renin measurements.
Related information in OMIM
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes natural variant(s) of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/variant' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Natural variantiVAR_080529447 – 524Missing in GCCD5; the mutant protein is undetectable in patient cells. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST78

Keywords - Diseasei

Disease variant

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET

More...DisGeNETi		10587

MalaCards human disease database

More...MalaCardsi		TXNRD2
MIMi617825, phenotype

Open Targets

More...OpenTargetsi		ENSG00000184470

Orphanet; a database dedicated to information on rare diseases and orphan drugs

More...Orphaneti		361, Familial glucocorticoid deficiency
154, Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

The Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

More...PharmGKBi		PA38302

Miscellaneous databases

Pharos NIH Druggable Genome Knowledgebase

More...Pharosi		Q9NNW7, Tbio

Chemistry databases

ChEMBL database of bioactive drug-like small molecules

More...ChEMBLi		CHEMBL2403

Drug and drug target database

More...DrugBanki		DB05428, Motexafin gadolinium

Genetic variation databases

BioMuta curated single-nucleotide variation and disease association database

More...BioMutai		TXNRD2

Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM)

More...DMDMi		182705230

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a transit peptide.<p><a href='/help/transit' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Transit peptidei1 – 36MitochondrionSequence analysisAdd BLAST36
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_000003028837 – 524Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondrialAdd BLAST488

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the PTM / Processing":/help/ptm_processing_section section describes the positions of cysteine residues participating in disulfide bonds.<p><a href='/help/disulfid' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Disulfide bondi86 ↔ 91Redox-activeBy similarity
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei175N6-succinyllysineBy similarity1
Modified residuei329N6-succinyllysineBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section describes <strong>covalent linkages</strong> of various types formed <strong>between two proteins (interchain cross-links)</strong> or <strong>between two parts of the same protein (intrachain cross-links)</strong>, except the disulfide bonds that are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/disulfid">'Disulfide bond'</a> subsection.<p><a href='/help/crosslnk' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-linki522 ↔ 523Cysteinyl-selenocysteine (Cys-Sec)By similarity

Keywords - PTMi

Disulfide bond

Proteomic databases

Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics

More...EPDi		Q9NNW7

jPOST - Japan Proteome Standard Repository/Database

More...jPOSTi		Q9NNW7

MassIVE - Mass Spectrometry Interactive Virtual Environment

More...MassIVEi		Q9NNW7

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase

More...MaxQBi		Q9NNW7

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		Q9NNW7

PeptideAtlas

More...PeptideAtlasi		Q9NNW7

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		Q9NNW7

ProteomicsDB: a multi-organism proteome resource

More...ProteomicsDBi		81857 [Q9NNW7-1]
81858 [Q9NNW7-2]
81859 [Q9NNW7-3]
81860 [Q9NNW7-4]

PTM databases

iPTMnet integrated resource for PTMs in systems biology context

More...iPTMneti		Q9NNW7

Comprehensive resource for the study of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human, mouse and rat.

More...PhosphoSitePlusi		Q9NNW7

SwissPalm database of S-palmitoylation events

More...SwissPalmi		Q9NNW7

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityi

Highly expressed in the prostate, ovary, liver, testis, uterus, colon and small intestine. Intermediate levels in brain, skeletal muscle, heart and spleen. Low levels in placenta, pancreas, thymus and peripheral blood leukocytes. According to PubMed:10608886, high levels in kidney, whereas according to PubMed:9923614, levels are low. High expression is observed in the adrenal cortex (PubMed:24601690).4 Publications

Gene expression databases

Bgee dataBase for Gene Expression Evolution

More...Bgeei		ENSG00000184470, Expressed in right lobe of liver and 222 other tissues

ExpressionAtlas, Differential and Baseline Expression

More...ExpressionAtlasi		Q9NNW7, baseline and differential

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas

More...HPAi		ENSG00000184470, Low tissue specificity

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Homodimer.

By similarity

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID)

More...BioGRIDi		115836, 44 interactors

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		Q9NNW7, 7 interactors

Molecular INTeraction database

More...MINTi		Q9NNW7

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9606.ENSP00000383365

Chemistry databases

BindingDB database of measured binding affinities

More...BindingDBi		Q9NNW7

Miscellaneous databases

RNAct, Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms.

More...RNActi		Q9NNW7, protein

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		Q9NNW7

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

Protein Data Bank in Europe - Knowledge Base

More...PDBe-KBi		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.Curated

Keywords - Domaini

Redox-active center, Transit peptide

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		KOG4716, Eukaryota

Ensembl GeneTree

More...GeneTreei		ENSGT00940000158832

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		Q9NNW7

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		GLECACF

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		581771at2759

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		Q9NNW7

TreeFam database of animal gene trees

More...TreeFami		TF314782

Family and domain databases

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		3.30.390.30, 1 hit
3.50.50.60, 2 hits

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR036188, FAD/NAD-bd_sf
IPR023753, FAD/NAD-binding_dom
IPR016156, FAD/NAD-linked_Rdtase_dimer_sf
IPR001100, Pyr_nuc-diS_OxRdtase
IPR004099, Pyr_nucl-diS_OxRdtase_dimer
IPR012999, Pyr_OxRdtase_I_AS
IPR006338, Thioredoxin/glutathione_Rdtase

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF07992, Pyr_redox_2, 1 hit
PF02852, Pyr_redox_dim, 1 hit

PIRSF; a whole-protein classification database

More...PIRSFi		PIRSF000350, Mercury_reductase_MerA, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF51905, SSF51905, 1 hit
SSF55424, SSF55424, 1 hit

TIGRFAMs; a protein family database

More...TIGRFAMsi		TIGR01438, TGR, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS00076, PYRIDINE_REDOX_1, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (4+)i

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 4 <p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section lists the alternative protein sequences (isoforms) that can be generated from the same gene by a single or by the combination of up to four biological events (alternative promoter usage, alternative splicing, alternative initiation and ribosomal frameshifting). Additionally, this section gives relevant information on each alternative protein isoform. This section is only present in reviewed entries, i.e. in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/alternative_products' target='_top'>More...</a></p> isoformsi produced by alternative splicing. AlignAdd to basket

This entry has 4 described isoforms and 11 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9NNW7-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: AlphaCurated

This isoform has been chosen as the <div> <p><b>What is the canonical sequence?</b><p><a href='/help/canonical_and_isoforms' target='_top'>More...</a></p>canonicali sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MAAMAVALRG LGGRFRWRTQ AVAGGVRGAA RGAAAGQRDY DLLVVGGGSG 
        60         70         80         90        100
GLACAKEAAQ LGRKVAVVDY VEPSPQGTRW GLGGTCVNVG CIPKKLMHQA 
       110        120        130        140        150
ALLGGLIQDA PNYGWEVAQP VPHDWRKMAE AVQNHVKSLN WGHRVQLQDR 
       160        170        180        190        200
KVKYFNIKAS FVDEHTVCGV AKGGKEILLS ADHIIIATGG RPRYPTHIEG 
       210        220        230        240        250
ALEYGITSDD IFWLKESPGK TLVVGASYVA LECAGFLTGI GLDTTIMMRS 
       260        270        280        290        300
IPLRGFDQQM SSMVIEHMAS HGTRFLRGCA PSRVRRLPDG QLQVTWEDST 
       310        320        330        340        350
TGKEDTGTFD TVLWAIGRVP DTRSLNLEKA GVDTSPDTQK ILVDSREATS 
       360        370        380        390        400
VPHIYAIGDV VEGRPELTPI AIMAGRLLVQ RLFGGSSDLM DYDNVPTTVF 
       410        420        430        440        450
TPLEYGCVGL SEEEAVARHG QEHVEVYHAH YKPLEFTVAG RDASQCYVKM 
       460        470        480        490        500
VCLREPPQLV LGLHFLGPNA GEVTQGFALG IKCGASYAQV MRTVGIHPTC 
       510        520 
SEEVVKLRIS KRSGLDPTVT GCUG
Length:524
Mass (Da):56,507
Last modified:February 26, 2008 - v3
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:iB575A185A2183DAC
GO
Isoform 2 (identifier: Q9NNW7-2) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: BetaCurated

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-30: MAAMAVALRGLGGRFRWRTQAVAGGVRGAA → MEDQ

Show »
Length:498
Mass (Da):53,970
Checksum:i7B255499E2F1881E
GO
Isoform 3 (identifier: Q9NNW7-3) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: SelZf2

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-96: Missing.

Show »
Length:428
Mass (Da):46,841
Checksum:iCA7963D57A19ADAB
GO
Isoform 4 (identifier: Q9NNW7-4) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: SelZf1

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-247: Missing.

Show »
Length:277
Mass (Da):30,291
Checksum:i80F3E412BF2738F3
GO

<p>In eukaryotic reference proteomes, unreviewed entries that are likely to belong to the same gene are computationally mapped, based on gene identifiers from Ensembl, EnsemblGenomes and model organism databases.<p><a href='/help/gene_centric_isoform_mapping' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi

There are 11 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basket
EntryEntry nameProtein names
Gene namesLengthAnnotation
D3YTF8D3YTF8_HUMAN
Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase
TXNRD2
501Annotation score:

Annotation score:3 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A182DWF2A0A182DWF2_HUMAN
Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase
TXNRD2
494Annotation score:

Annotation score:3 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A182DWF3A0A182DWF3_HUMAN
Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase
TXNRD2
523Annotation score:

Annotation score:3 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A096LPK7A0A096LPK7_HUMAN
Thioredoxin-disulfide reductase
TXNRD2
463Annotation score:

Annotation score:2 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
E7EWK1E7EWK1_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
338Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A096LPD9A0A096LPD9_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
306Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A096LPH4A0A096LPH4_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
165Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A096LPB7A0A096LPB7_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
180Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A096LP96A0A096LP96_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
212Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A0U1RQX0A0A0U1RQX0_HUMAN
Thioredoxin reductase 2, mitochondr...
TXNRD2
362Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
There is more potential isoformShow all

<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautioni

The sequence AAD25167 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.Curated
The sequence AAG47635 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous termination. Truncated C-terminus.Curated

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the canonical sequence (displayed by default in the entry) and the different sequence submissions merged in the entry. These various submissions may originate from different sequencing projects, different types of experiments, or different biological samples. Sequence conflicts are usually of unknown origin.<p><a href='/help/conflict' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence conflicti33Missing in AAG47635 (Ref. 6) Curated1
Sequence conflicti285R → K in AAG47635 (Ref. 6) Curated1

Natural variant

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Natural variantiVAR_05177714R → L. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs45593642Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_05177866A → S4 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs5748469EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_051779299S → R1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs5992495EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_051780370I → T4 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1139793EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_080529447 – 524Missing in GCCD5; the mutant protein is undetectable in patient cells. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST78

Alternative sequence

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes the sequence of naturally occurring alternative protein isoform(s). The changes in the amino acid sequence may be due to alternative splicing, alternative promoter usage, alternative initiation, or ribosomal frameshifting.<p><a href='/help/var_seq' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Alternative sequenceiVSP_0083061 – 247Missing in isoform 4. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST247
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0083051 – 96Missing in isoform 3. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST96
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0083041 – 30MAAMA…VRGAA → MEDQ in isoform 2. CuratedAdd BLAST30

Non-standard residue

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes the occurrence of non-standard amino acids selenocysteine (Sec) or pyrrolysine (Pyl) in the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/non_std' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Non-standard residuei523Selenocysteine1

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
AF171054 mRNA Translation: AAD51324.1
AF106697 mRNA Translation: AAD19597.1
AF044212 mRNA Translation: AAD25167.1 Different initiation.
AB019694 mRNA Translation: BAA77601.2
AB019695 mRNA Translation: BAA77602.2
AF166126 mRNA Translation: AAF21431.1
AF166127 mRNA Translation: AAF21432.1
AF201385 mRNA Translation: AAG47635.1 Sequence problems.
AC000078 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC000080 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC000090 Genomic DNA No translation available.
BC007489 mRNA Translation: AAH07489.3

The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project

More...CCDSi		CCDS42981.1 [Q9NNW7-1]
CCDS86998.1 [Q9NNW7-3]

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_006431.2, NM_006440.4 [Q9NNW7-1]

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl eukaryotic genome annotation project

More...Ensembli		ENST00000400521; ENSP00000383365; ENSG00000184470 [Q9NNW7-1]
ENST00000542719; ENSP00000485128; ENSG00000184470 [Q9NNW7-3]

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		10587

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		hsa:10587

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Alternative splicing, Selenocysteine

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
AF171054 mRNA Translation: AAD51324.1
AF106697 mRNA Translation: AAD19597.1
AF044212 mRNA Translation: AAD25167.1 Different initiation.
AB019694 mRNA Translation: BAA77601.2
AB019695 mRNA Translation: BAA77602.2
AF166126 mRNA Translation: AAF21431.1
AF166127 mRNA Translation: AAF21432.1
AF201385 mRNA Translation: AAG47635.1 Sequence problems.
AC000078 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC000080 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC000090 Genomic DNA No translation available.
BC007489 mRNA Translation: AAH07489.3
CCDSiCCDS42981.1 [Q9NNW7-1]
CCDS86998.1 [Q9NNW7-3]
RefSeqiNP_006431.2, NM_006440.4 [Q9NNW7-1]

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:

Protein Data Bank Europe

More...PDBei

Protein Data Bank RCSB

More...RCSB PDBi

Protein Data Bank Japan

More...PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1W1Emodel-A/B36-524[»]
SMRiQ9NNW7
ModBaseiSearch...
PDBe-KBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGRIDi115836, 44 interactors
IntActiQ9NNW7, 7 interactors
MINTiQ9NNW7
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000383365

Chemistry databases

BindingDBiQ9NNW7
ChEMBLiCHEMBL2403
DrugBankiDB05428, Motexafin gadolinium

PTM databases

iPTMnetiQ9NNW7
PhosphoSitePlusiQ9NNW7
SwissPalmiQ9NNW7

Genetic variation databases

BioMutaiTXNRD2
DMDMi182705230

Proteomic databases

EPDiQ9NNW7
jPOSTiQ9NNW7
MassIVEiQ9NNW7
MaxQBiQ9NNW7
PaxDbiQ9NNW7
PeptideAtlasiQ9NNW7
PRIDEiQ9NNW7
ProteomicsDBi81857 [Q9NNW7-1]
81858 [Q9NNW7-2]
81859 [Q9NNW7-3]
81860 [Q9NNW7-4]

Protocols and materials databases

Antibodypedia a portal for validated antibodies

More...Antibodypediai		230, 244 antibodies

The DNASU plasmid repository

More...DNASUi		10587

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000400521; ENSP00000383365; ENSG00000184470 [Q9NNW7-1]
ENST00000542719; ENSP00000485128; ENSG00000184470 [Q9NNW7-3]
GeneIDi10587
KEGGihsa:10587

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		10587
DisGeNETi10587

GeneCards: human genes, protein and diseases

More...GeneCardsi		TXNRD2
HGNCiHGNC:18155, TXNRD2
HPAiENSG00000184470, Low tissue specificity
MalaCardsiTXNRD2
MIMi606448, gene
617825, phenotype
neXtProtiNX_Q9NNW7
OpenTargetsiENSG00000184470
Orphaneti361, Familial glucocorticoid deficiency
154, Familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
PharmGKBiPA38302
VEuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000184470.20

Human Unidentified Gene-Encoded large proteins database

More...HUGEi		Search...

GenAtlas: human gene database

More...GenAtlasi		Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG4716, Eukaryota
GeneTreeiENSGT00940000158832
InParanoidiQ9NNW7
OMAiGLECACF
OrthoDBi581771at2759
PhylomeDBiQ9NNW7
TreeFamiTF314782

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDAi1.8.1.9, 2681
PathwayCommonsiQ9NNW7
ReactomeiR-HSA-3299685, Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species

Miscellaneous databases

BioGRID ORCS database of CRISPR phenotype screens

More...BioGRID-ORCSi		10587, 16 hits in 879 CRISPR screens

ChiTaRS: a database of human, mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data

More...ChiTaRSi		TXNRD2, human

Database of phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens

More...GenomeRNAii		10587
PharosiQ9NNW7, Tbio

Protein Ontology

More...PROi		PR:Q9NNW7
RNActiQ9NNW7, protein

The Stanford Online Universal Resource for Clones and ESTs

More...SOURCEi		Search...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000184470, Expressed in right lobe of liver and 222 other tissues
ExpressionAtlasiQ9NNW7, baseline and differential

Family and domain databases

Gene3Di3.30.390.30, 1 hit
3.50.50.60, 2 hits
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR036188, FAD/NAD-bd_sf
IPR023753, FAD/NAD-binding_dom
IPR016156, FAD/NAD-linked_Rdtase_dimer_sf
IPR001100, Pyr_nuc-diS_OxRdtase
IPR004099, Pyr_nucl-diS_OxRdtase_dimer
IPR012999, Pyr_OxRdtase_I_AS
IPR006338, Thioredoxin/glutathione_Rdtase
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF07992, Pyr_redox_2, 1 hit
PF02852, Pyr_redox_dim, 1 hit
PIRSFiPIRSF000350, Mercury_reductase_MerA, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF51905, SSF51905, 1 hit
SSF55424, SSF55424, 1 hit
TIGRFAMsiTIGR01438, TGR, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS00076, PYRIDINE_REDOX_1, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiTRXR2_HUMAN
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: Q9NNW7
Secondary accession number(s): O95840
, Q96IJ2, Q9H2Z5, Q9NZV3, Q9NZV4, Q9P2Y0, Q9P2Y1, Q9UQU8
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: September 19, 2003
Last sequence update: February 26, 2008
Last modified: February 10, 2021
This is version 197 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Human variants curated from literature reports
    Index of human variants curated from literature reports
  2. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  4. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
  5. Human chromosome 22
    Human chromosome 22: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  6. Human entries with genetic variants
    List of human entries with genetic variants
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