Synaptic functional regulator FMR1

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "Staufen- and FMRP-containing neuronal RNPs are structurally and functionally related to somatic P bodies."
    Barbee S.A., Estes P.S., Cziko A.M., Hillebrand J., Luedeman R.A., Coller J.M., Johnson N., Howlett I.C., Geng C., Ueda R., Brand A.H., Newbury S.F., Wilhelm J.E., Levine R.B., Nakamura A., Parker R., Ramaswami M.
    Neuron 52:997-1009(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH TRAL AND ME31B, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• identical protein binding Source: IntActInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.7

    "A Drosophila fragile X protein interacts with components of RNAi and ribosomal proteins."
    Ishizuka A., Siomi M.C., Siomi H.
    Genes Dev. 16:2497-2508(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH AGO2; DCR-1; RM62; RPL5 AND RPL11, ASSOCIATION WITH POLYRIBOSOME.
• mRNA 3'-UTR binding Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mRNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein homodimerization activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein self-association Source: FlyBase <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Casein kinase II phosphorylates the fragile X mental retardation protein and modulates its biological properties."
    Siomi M.C., Higashijima K., Ishizuka A., Siomi H.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:8438-8447(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA binding Source: FlyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Casein kinase II phosphorylates the fragile X mental retardation protein and modulates its biological properties."
    Siomi M.C., Higashijima K., Ishizuka A., Siomi H.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:8438-8447(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "dFMRP and Caprin, translational regulators of synaptic plasticity, control the cell cycle at the Drosophila mid-blastula transition."
    Papoulas O., Monzo K.F., Cantin G.T., Ruse C., Yates J.R., Ryu Y.H., Sisson J.C.
    Development 137:4201-4209(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• translation regulator activity Source: CACAO <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Drosophila fragile X-related gene regulates the MAP1B homolog Futsch to control synaptic structure and function."
    Zhang Y.Q., Bailey A.M., Matthies H.J.G., Renden R.B., Smith M.A., Speese S.D., Rubin G.M., Broadie K.S.
    Cell 107:591-603(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORMS A AND C), FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.

GO - Biological processⁱ

• adult locomotory behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Elevated levels of the vesicular monoamine transporter and a novel repetitive behavior in the Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome."
    Tauber J.M., Vanlandingham P.A., Zhang B.
    PLoS One 6:e27100-e27100(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• anterograde axonal transport Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• associative learning Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Learning and memory deficits consequent to reduction of the fragile X mental retardation protein result from metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated inhibition of cAMP signaling in Drosophila."
    Kanellopoulos A.K., Semelidou O., Kotini A.G., Anezaki M., Skoulakis E.M.
    J Neurosci 32:13111-13124(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• axonal fasciculation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein controls actin dynamics by directly regulating profilin in the brain."
    Reeve S.P., Bassetto L., Genova G.K., Kleyner Y., Leyssen M., Jackson F.R., Hassan B.A.
    Curr Biol 15:1156-1163(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• axon guidance Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila fragile X protein, DFXR, regulates neuronal morphology and function in the brain."
    Morales J., Hiesinger P.R., Schroeder A.J., Kume K., Verstreken P., Jackson F.R., Nelson D.L., Hassan B.A.
    Neuron 34:961-972(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • Ref.9

    "CYFIP/Sra-1 controls neuronal connectivity in Drosophila and links the Rac1 GTPase pathway to the fragile X protein."
    Schenck A., Bardoni B., Langmann C., Harden N., Mandel J.-L., Giangrande A.
    Neuron 38:887-898(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SRA-1.
  • "Overexpression of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule impairs precise synaptic targeting."
    Cvetkovska V., Hibbert A.D., Emran F., Chen B.E.
    Nat Neurosci 16:677-682(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• axonogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Overexpression of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule impairs precise synaptic targeting."
    Cvetkovska V., Hibbert A.D., Emran F., Chen B.E.
    Nat Neurosci 16:677-682(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• brain development Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein controls actin dynamics by directly regulating profilin in the brain."
    Reeve S.P., Bassetto L., Genova G.K., Kleyner Y., Leyssen M., Jackson F.R., Hassan B.A.
    Curr Biol 15:1156-1163(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellularization Source: FlyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Fragile X mental retardation protein controls trailer hitch expression and cleavage furrow formation in Drosophila embryos."
    Monzo K., Papoulas O., Cantin G.T., Wang Y., Yates J.R., Sisson J.C.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:18160-18165(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• central nervous system development Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• circadian rhythm Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila fragile X protein, DFXR, regulates neuronal morphology and function in the brain."
    Morales J., Hiesinger P.R., Schroeder A.J., Kume K., Verstreken P., Jackson F.R., Nelson D.L., Hassan B.A.
    Neuron 34:961-972(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Drosophila lacking dfmr1 activity show defects in circadian output and fail to maintain courtship interest."
    Dockendorff T.C., Su H.S., McBride S.M., Yang Z., Choi C.H., Siwicki K.K., Sehgal A., Jongens T.A.
    Neuron 34:973-984(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation gene regulates sleep need."
    Bushey D., Tononi G., Cirelli C.
    J Neurosci 29:1948-1961(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• dendrite morphogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The steady-state level of the nervous-system-specific microRNA-124a is regulated by dFMR1 in Drosophila."
    Xu X.L., Li Y., Wang F., Gao F.B.
    J Neurosci 28:11883-11889(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Overexpression of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule impairs precise synaptic targeting."
    Cvetkovska V., Hibbert A.D., Emran F., Chen B.E.
    Nat Neurosci 16:677-682(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• gene silencing by RNA Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein participates in the piRNA pathway."
    Bozzetti M.P., Specchia V., Cattenoz P.B., Laneve P., Geusa A., Sahin H.B., Di Tommaso S., Friscini A., Massari S., Diebold C., Giangrande A.
    J Cell Sci 128:2070-2084(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• germarium-derived oocyte fate determination Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X protein functions as a negative regulator in the orb autoregulatory pathway."
    Costa A., Wang Y., Dockendorff T.C., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Schedl P., Jongens T.A.
    Dev Cell 8:331-342(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• germ cell development Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X protein functions as a negative regulator in the orb autoregulatory pathway."
    Costa A., Wang Y., Dockendorff T.C., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Schedl P., Jongens T.A.
    Dev Cell 8:331-342(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• germ-line cyst formation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila Fragile X protein controls cellular proliferation by regulating cbl levels in the ovary."
    Epstein A.M., Bauer C.R., Ho A., Bosco G., Zarnescu D.C.
    Dev Biol 330:83-92(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• grooming behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Elevated levels of the vesicular monoamine transporter and a novel repetitive behavior in the Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome."
    Tauber J.M., Vanlandingham P.A., Zhang B.
    PLoS One 6:e27100-e27100(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• habituation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "FMRP and Ataxin-2 function together in long-term olfactory habituation and neuronal translational control."
    Sudhakaran I.P., Hillebrand J., Dervan A., Das S., Holohan E.E., Hulsmeier J., Sarov M., Parker R., VijayRaghavan K., Ramaswami M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E99-E108(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• heterochromatin assembly Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The drosophila fragile X protein dFMR1 is required during early embryogenesis for pole cell formation and rapid nuclear division cycles."
    Deshpande G., Calhoun G., Schedl P.
    Genetics 174:1287-1298(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• larval locomotory behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The fragile X-related gene affects the crawling behavior of Drosophila larvae by regulating the mRNA level of the DEG/ENaC protein pickpocket1."
    Xu K., Bogert B.A., Li W., Su K., Lee A., Gao F.B.
    Curr Biol 14:1025-1034(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• locomotion Source: FlyBase <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • "New insights into fragile X syndrome: from molecules to neurobehaviors."
    Jin P., Warren S.T.
    Trends Biochem Sci 28:152-158(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• locomotor rhythm Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A role for the Drosophila fragile X-related gene in circadian output."
    Inoue S., Shimoda M., Nishinokubi I., Siomi M.C., Okamura M., Nakamura A., Kobayashi S., Ishida N., Siomi H.
    Curr Biol 12:1331-1335(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein controls actin dynamics by directly regulating profilin in the brain."
    Reeve S.P., Bassetto L., Genova G.K., Kleyner Y., Leyssen M., Jackson F.R., Hassan B.A.
    Curr Biol 15:1156-1163(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Short- and long-term memory are modulated by multiple isoforms of the fragile X mental retardation protein."
    Banerjee P., Schoenfeld B.P., Bell A.J., Choi C.H., Bradley M.P., Hinchey P., Kollaros M., Park J.H., McBride S.M., Dockendorff T.C.
    J Neurosci 30:6782-6792(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• long-term memory Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Excess protein synthesis in Drosophila fragile X mutants impairs long-term memory."
    Bolduc F.V., Bell K., Cox H., Broadie K.S., Tully T.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1143-1145(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Short- and long-term memory are modulated by multiple isoforms of the fragile X mental retardation protein."
    Banerjee P., Schoenfeld B.P., Bell A.J., Choi C.H., Bradley M.P., Hinchey P., Kollaros M., Park J.H., McBride S.M., Dockendorff T.C.
    J Neurosci 30:6782-6792(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Learning and memory deficits consequent to reduction of the fragile X mental retardation protein result from metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated inhibition of cAMP signaling in Drosophila."
    Kanellopoulos A.K., Semelidou O., Kotini A.G., Anezaki M., Skoulakis E.M.
    J Neurosci 32:13111-13124(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "FMRP and Ataxin-2 function together in long-term olfactory habituation and neuronal translational control."
    Sudhakaran I.P., Hillebrand J., Dervan A., Das S., Holohan E.E., Hulsmeier J., Sarov M., Parker R., VijayRaghavan K., Ramaswami M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E99-E108(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• male courtship behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Short- and long-term memory are modulated by multiple isoforms of the fragile X mental retardation protein."
    Banerjee P., Schoenfeld B.P., Bell A.J., Choi C.H., Bradley M.P., Hinchey P., Kollaros M., Park J.H., McBride S.M., Dockendorff T.C.
    J Neurosci 30:6782-6792(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Elevated levels of the vesicular monoamine transporter and a novel repetitive behavior in the Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome."
    Tauber J.M., Vanlandingham P.A., Zhang B.
    PLoS One 6:e27100-e27100(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• medium-term memory Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Increased expression of the PI3K enhancer PIKE mediates deficits in synaptic plasticity and behavior in fragile X syndrome."
    Gross C., Chang C.W., Kelly S.M., Bhattacharya A., McBride S.M., Danielson S.W., Jiang M.Q., Chan C.B., Ye K., Gibson J.R., Klann E., Jongens T.A., Moberg K.H., Huber K.M., Bassell G.J.
    Cell Rep 11:727-736(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mitotic cell cycle, embryonic Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.11

    "The role of PIWI and the miRNA machinery in Drosophila germline determination."
    Megosh H.B., Cox D.N., Campbell C., Lin H.
    Curr. Biol. 16:1884-1894(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH PIWI AND VAS.
• mRNA transport Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X protein controls the efficacy of mRNA transport in Drosophila neurons."
    Estes P.S., O'Shea M., Clasen S., Zarnescu D.C.
    Mol Cell Neurosci 39:170-179(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mushroom body development Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Defective neuronal development in the mushroom bodies of Drosophila fragile X mental retardation 1 mutants."
    Michel C.I., Kraft R., Restifo L.L.
    J Neurosci 24:5798-5809(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X gene negatively regulates neuronal elaboration and synaptic differentiation."
    Pan L., Zhang Y.Q., Woodruff E., Broadie K.
    Curr Biol 14:1863-1870(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of gene expression Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein developmentally regulates activity-dependent axon pruning."
    Tessier C.R., Broadie K.
    Development 135:1547-1557(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of imaginal disc growth Source: FlyBase <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe "traditional" genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "The RNA-binding proteins FMR1, rasputin and caprin act together with the UBA protein lingerer to restrict tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster."
    Baumgartner R., Stocker H., Hafen E.
    PLoS Genet 9:e1003598-e1003598(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X Protein is required for inhibition of insulin signaling and regulates glial-dependent neuroblast reactivation in the developing brain."
    Callan M.A., Clements N., Ahrendt N., Zarnescu D.C.
    Brain Res 1462:151-161(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Insulin signaling misregulation underlies circadian and cognitive deficits in a Drosophila fragile X model."
    Monyak R.E., Emerson D., Schoenfeld B.P., Zheng X., Chambers D.B., Rosenfelt C., Langer S., Hinchey P., Choi C.H., McDonald T.V., Bolduc F.V., Sehgal A., McBride S.M.J., Jongens T.A.
    Mol Psychiatry 22:1140-1148(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Opposing Post-transcriptional Control of InR by FMRP and LIN-28 Adjusts Stem Cell-Based Tissue Growth."
    Luhur A., Buddika K., Ariyapala I.S., Chen S., Sokol N.S.
    Cell Rep 21:2671-2677(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of mRNA polyadenylation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Conserved, Disease-Associated RNA Binding Protein dNab2 Interacts with the Fragile X Protein Ortholog in Drosophila Neurons."
    Bienkowski R.S., Banerjee A., Rounds J.C., Rha J., Omotade O.F., Gross C., Morris K.J., Leung S.W., Pak C., Jones S.K., Santoro M.R., Warren S.T., Zheng J.Q., Bassell G.J., Corbett A.H., Moberg K.H.
    Cell Rep 20:1372-1384(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of stem cell proliferation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Opposing Post-transcriptional Control of InR by FMRP and LIN-28 Adjusts Stem Cell-Based Tissue Growth."
    Luhur A., Buddika K., Ariyapala I.S., Chen S., Sokol N.S.
    Cell Rep 21:2671-2677(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of synapse assembly Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X protein functions with lgl and the par complex in flies and mice."
    Zarnescu D.C., Jin P., Betschinger J., Nakamoto M., Wang Y., Dockendorff T.C., Feng Y., Jongens T.A., Sisson J.C., Knoblich J.A., Warren S.T., Moses K.
    Dev Cell 8:43-52(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "In vivo neuronal function of the fragile X mental retardation protein is regulated by phosphorylation."
    Coffee R.L. Jr., Williamson A.J., Adkins C.M., Gray M.C., Page T.L., Broadie K.
    Hum Mol Genet 21:900-915(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Spartin regulates synaptic growth and neuronal survival by inhibiting BMP-mediated microtubule stabilization."
    Nahm M., Lee M.J., Parkinson W., Lee M., Kim H., Kim Y.J., Kim S., Cho Y.S., Min B.M., Bae Y.C., Broadie K., Lee S.
    Neuron 77:680-695(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein participates in the piRNA pathway."
    Bozzetti M.P., Specchia V., Cattenoz P.B., Laneve P., Geusa A., Sahin H.B., Di Tommaso S., Friscini A., Massari S., Diebold C., Giangrande A.
    J Cell Sci 128:2070-2084(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of translation Source: FlyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Drosophila fragile X-related gene regulates the MAP1B homolog Futsch to control synaptic structure and function."
    Zhang Y.Q., Bailey A.M., Matthies H.J.G., Renden R.B., Smith M.A., Speese S.D., Rubin G.M., Broadie K.S.
    Cell 107:591-603(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORMS A AND C), FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
  • "Fragile X mental retardation protein has a unique, evolutionarily conserved neuronal function not shared with FXR1P or FXR2P."
    Coffee R.L. Jr., Tessier C.R., Woodruff E.A., Broadie K.
    Dis Model Mech 3:471-485(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuromuscular junction development Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutational analysis establishes a critical role for the N terminus of fragile X mental retardation protein FMRP."
    Reeve S.P., Lin X., Sahin B.H., Jiang F., Yao A., Liu Z., Zhi H., Broadie K., Li W., Giangrande A., Hassan B.A., Zhang Y.Q.
    J Neurosci 28:3221-3226(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron projection morphogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutational analysis establishes a critical role for the N terminus of fragile X mental retardation protein FMRP."
    Reeve S.P., Lin X., Sahin B.H., Jiang F., Yao A., Liu Z., Zhi H., Broadie K., Li W., Giangrande A., Hassan B.A., Zhang Y.Q.
    J Neurosci 28:3221-3226(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron remodeling Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein developmentally regulates activity-dependent axon pruning."
    Tessier C.R., Broadie K.
    Development 135:1547-1557(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• olfactory behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Reduced Lateral Inhibition Impairs Olfactory Computations and Behaviors in a Drosophila Model of Fragile X Syndrome."
    Franco L.M., Okray Z., Linneweber G.A., Hassan B.A., Yaksi E.
    Curr Biol 27:1111-1123(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• olfactory learning Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Excess protein synthesis in Drosophila fragile X mutants impairs long-term memory."
    Bolduc F.V., Bell K., Cox H., Broadie K.S., Tully T.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1143-1145(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "In vivo neuronal function of the fragile X mental retardation protein is regulated by phosphorylation."
    Coffee R.L. Jr., Williamson A.J., Adkins C.M., Gray M.C., Page T.L., Broadie K.
    Hum Mol Genet 21:900-915(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification Source: FlyBaseInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X protein functions as a negative regulator in the orb autoregulatory pathway."
    Costa A., Wang Y., Dockendorff T.C., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Schedl P., Jongens T.A.
    Dev Cell 8:331-342(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pole cell formation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The drosophila fragile X protein dFMR1 is required during early embryogenesis for pole cell formation and rapid nuclear division cycles."
    Deshpande G., Calhoun G., Schedl P.
    Genetics 174:1287-1298(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • Ref.11

    "The role of PIWI and the miRNA machinery in Drosophila germline determination."
    Megosh H.B., Cox D.N., Campbell C., Lin H.
    Curr. Biol. 16:1884-1894(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH PIWI AND VAS.
• positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X Protein is required for inhibition of insulin signaling and regulates glial-dependent neuroblast reactivation in the developing brain."
    Callan M.A., Clements N., Ahrendt N., Zarnescu D.C.
    Brain Res 1462:151-161(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of programmed cell death Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X mental retardation protein is required for programmed cell death and clearance of developmentally-transient peptidergic neurons."
    Gatto C.L., Broadie K.
    Dev Biol 356:291-307(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of translation Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• post-embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Opposing Post-transcriptional Control of InR by FMRP and LIN-28 Adjusts Stem Cell-Based Tissue Growth."
    Luhur A., Buddika K., Ariyapala I.S., Chen S., Sokol N.S.
    Cell Rep 21:2671-2677(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Opposing Post-transcriptional Control of InR by FMRP and LIN-28 Adjusts Stem Cell-Based Tissue Growth."
    Luhur A., Buddika K., Ariyapala I.S., Chen S., Sokol N.S.
    Cell Rep 21:2671-2677(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of cell population proliferation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila Fragile X protein controls cellular proliferation by regulating cbl levels in the ovary."
    Epstein A.M., Bauer C.R., Ho A., Bosco G., Zarnescu D.C.
    Dev Biol 330:83-92(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of dendrite morphogenesis Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Control of dendritic development by the Drosophila fragile X-related gene involves the small GTPase Rac1."
    Lee A., Li W., Xu K., Bogert B.A., Su K., Gao F.B.
    Development 130:5543-5552(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of dendritic spine development Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic Source: FlyBaseInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "dFMRP and Caprin, translational regulators of synaptic plasticity, control the cell cycle at the Drosophila mid-blastula transition."
    Papoulas O., Monzo K.F., Cantin G.T., Ruse C., Yates J.R., Ryu Y.H., Sisson J.C.
    Development 137:4201-4209(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of modification of synaptic structure Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of mRNA stability Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Fragile X mental retardation protein regulates trans-synaptic signaling in Drosophila."
    Friedman S.H., Dani N., Rushton E., Broadie K.
    Dis Model Mech 6:1400-1413(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of olfactory learning Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "FMRP and Ataxin-2 function together in long-term olfactory habituation and neuronal translational control."
    Sudhakaran I.P., Hillebrand J., Dervan A., Das S., Holohan E.E., Hulsmeier J., Sarov M., Parker R., VijayRaghavan K., Ramaswami M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E99-E108(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of synapse organization Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.9

    "CYFIP/Sra-1 controls neuronal connectivity in Drosophila and links the Rac1 GTPase pathway to the fragile X protein."
    Schenck A., Bardoni B., Langmann C., Harden N., Mandel J.-L., Giangrande A.
    Neuron 38:887-898(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SRA-1.
  • "The Drosophila fragile X gene negatively regulates neuronal elaboration and synaptic differentiation."
    Pan L., Zhang Y.Q., Woodruff E., Broadie K.
    Curr Biol 14:1863-1870(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of synapse structural plasticity Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Temporal requirements of the fragile x mental retardation protein in modulating circadian clock circuit synaptic architecture."
    Gatto C.L., Broadie K.
    Front Neural Circuits 3:8-8(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of translation Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The Drosophila fragile X protein functions as a negative regulator in the orb autoregulatory pathway."
    Costa A., Wang Y., Dockendorff T.C., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Schedl P., Jongens T.A.
    Dev Cell 8:331-342(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of translation at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to odorant Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Reduced Lateral Inhibition Impairs Olfactory Computations and Behaviors in a Drosophila Model of Fragile X Syndrome."
    Franco L.M., Okray Z., Linneweber G.A., Hassan B.A., Yaksi E.
    Curr Biol 27:1111-1123(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• short-term memory Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Short- and long-term memory are modulated by multiple isoforms of the fragile X mental retardation protein."
    Banerjee P., Schoenfeld B.P., Bell A.J., Choi C.H., Bradley M.P., Hinchey P., Kollaros M., Park J.H., McBride S.M., Dockendorff T.C.
    J Neurosci 30:6782-6792(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• social behavior Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "An assay for social interaction in Drosophila fragile X mutants."
    Bolduc F.V., Valente D., Nguyen A.T., Mitra P.P., Tully T.
    Fly (Austin) 4:216-225(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sperm axoneme assembly Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.10

    "The Drosophila fragile X-related gene regulates axoneme differentiation during spermatogenesis."
    Zhang Y.Q., Matthies H.J.G., Mancuso J., Andrews H.K., Woodruff E. III, Friedman D., Broadie K.S.
    Dev. Biol. 270:290-307(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
• synapse organization Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Neural circuit architecture defects in a Drosophila model of Fragile X syndrome are alleviated by minocycline treatment and genetic removal of matrix metalloproteinase."
    Siller S.S., Broadie K.
    Dis Model Mech 4:673-685(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• synapse pruning Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein developmentally regulates activity-dependent axon pruning."
    Tessier C.R., Broadie K.
    Development 135:1547-1557(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• synaptic vesicle budding Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mechanistic relationships between Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein and metabotropic glutamate receptor A signaling."
    Pan L., Woodruff E., Liang P., Broadie K.
    Mol Cell Neurosci 37:747-760(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• synaptic vesicle clustering Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mechanistic relationships between Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein and metabotropic glutamate receptor A signaling."
    Pan L., Woodruff E., Liang P., Broadie K.
    Mol Cell Neurosci 37:747-760(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• terminal button organization Source: FlyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutations of PQBP1 in Renpenning syndrome promote ubiquitin-mediated degradation of FMRP and cause synaptic dysfunction."
    Zhang X.Y., Qi J., Shen Y.Q., Liu X., Liu A., Zhou Z., Han J., Zhang Z.C.
    Hum Mol Genet 26:955-968(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• visual perception Source: UniProtKB-KW

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stageⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "Staufen- and FMRP-containing neuronal RNPs are structurally and functionally related to somatic P bodies."
    Barbee S.A., Estes P.S., Cziko A.M., Hillebrand J., Luedeman R.A., Coller J.M., Johnson N., Howlett I.C., Geng C., Ueda R., Brand A.H., Newbury S.F., Wilhelm J.E., Levine R.B., Nakamura A., Parker R., Ramaswami M.
    Neuron 52:997-1009(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH TRAL AND ME31B, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• identical protein binding Source: IntActInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.7

    "A Drosophila fragile X protein interacts with components of RNAi and ribosomal proteins."
    Ishizuka A., Siomi M.C., Siomi H.
    Genes Dev. 16:2497-2508(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH AGO2; DCR-1; RM62; RPL5 AND RPL11, ASSOCIATION WITH POLYRIBOSOME.
• protein homodimerization activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein self-association Source: FlyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Casein kinase II phosphorylates the fragile X mental retardation protein and modulates its biological properties."
    Siomi M.C., Higashijima K., Ishizuka A., Siomi H.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:8438-8447(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

Compositional bias

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (4+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 4 described isoforms and 5 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MEDLLVEVRL DNGAYYKGQV TAVADDGIFV DVDGVPESMK YPFVNVRLPP 
        60         70         80         90        100
EETVEVAAPI FEEGMEVEVF TRTNDRETCG WWVGIIKMRK AEIYAVAYIG 
       110        120        130        140        150
FETSYTEICE LGRLRAKNSN PPITAKTFYQ FTLPVPEELR EEAQKDGIHK 
       160        170        180        190        200
EFQRTIDAGV CNYSRDLDAL IVISKFEHTQ KRASMLKDMH FRNLSQKVML 
       210        220        230        240        250
LKRTEEAARQ LETTKLMSRG NYVEEFRVRD DLMGLAIGSH GSNIQAARTV 
       260        270        280        290        300
DGVTNIELEE KSCTFKISGE TEESVQRARA MLEYAEEFFQ VPRELVGKVI 
       310        320        330        340        350
GKNGRIIQEI VDKSGVFRIK VSAIAGDDEQ DQNIPRELAH VPFVFIGTVE 
       360        370        380        390        400
SIANAKVLLE YHLSHLKEVE QLRQEKMEID QQLRAIQESS MGSTQSFPVT 
       410        420        430        440        450
RRSERGYSSD IESVRSMRGG GGGQRGRVRG RGGGGPGGGN GLNQRYHNNR 
       460        470        480        490        500
RDEDDYNSRG DHQRDQQRGY NDRGGGDNTG SYRGGGGGAG GPGNNRRGGI 
       510        520        530        540        550
NRRPPRNDQQ NGRDYQHHNH TTEEVRETRE MSSVERADSN SSYEGSSRRR 
       560        570        580        590        600
RRQKNNNGPS NTNGAVANNN NKPQSAQQPQ QQQPPAPGNK AALNAGDASK 
       610        620        630        640        650
QNSGNANAAG GASKPKDASR NGDKQQAGTQ QQQPSQVQQQ QAAQQQQPKP 
       660        670        680 
RRNKNRSNNH TDQPSGQQQL AENVKKEGLV NGTS                  

        10         20         30         40         50
MEDLLVEVRL DNGAYYKGQV TAVADDGIFV DVDGVPESMK YPFVNVRLPP 
        60         70         80         90        100
EETVEVAAPI FEEGMEVEVF TRTNDRETCG WWVGIIKMRK AEIYAVAYIG 
       110        120        130        140        150
FETSYTEICE LGRLRAKNSN PPITAKTFYQ FTLPVPEELR EEAQKDGIHK 
       160        170        180        190        200
EFQRTIDAGV CNYSRDLDAL IVISKFEHTQ KRASMLKDMH FRNLSQKVML 
       210        220        230        240        250
LKRTEEAARQ LETTKLMSRG NYVEEFRVRD DLMGLAIGSH GSNIQAARTV 
       260        270        280        290        300
DGVTNIELEE KSCTFKISGE TEESVQRARA MLEYAEEFFQ VPRELVGKVI 
       310        320        330        340        350
GKNGRIIQEI VDKSGVFRIK DQNIPRELAH VPFVFIGTVE SIANAKVLLE 
       360        370        380        390        400
YHLSHLKEVE QLRQEKMEID QQLRAIQESS MGSTQSFPVT RRSERGYSSD 
       410        420        430        440        450
IESVRSMRGG GGGQRGRVRG RGGGGPGGGN GLNQRYHNNR RDEDDYNSRG 
       460        470        480        490        500
DHQRDQQRGY NDRGGGDNTG SYRGGGGGAG GPGNNRRGGI NRRPPRNDQQ 
       510        520 
NGRDYQHHNH TTEEVRETRE MSSVERDTN                        

        10         20         30         40         50
MEDLLVEVRL DNGAYYKGQV TAVADDGIFV DVDGVPESMK YPFVNVRLPP 
        60         70         80         90        100
EETVEVAAPI FEEGMEVEVF TRTNDRETCG WWVGIIKMRK AEIYAVAYIG 
       110        120        130        140        150
FETSYTEICE LGRLRAKNSN PPITAKTFYQ FTLPVPEELR EEAQKDGIHK 
       160        170        180        190        200
EFQRTIDAGV CNYSRDLDAL IVISKFEHTQ KRASMLKDMH FRNLSQKVML 
       210        220        230        240        250
LKRTEEAARQ LETTKLMSRG NYVEEFRVRD DLMGLAIGSH GSNIQAARTV 
       260        270        280        290        300
DGVTNIELEE KSCTFKISGE TEESVQRARA MLEYAEEFFQ VPRELVGKVI 
       310        320        330        340        350
GKNGRIIQEI VDKSGVFRIK IAGDDEQDQN IPRELAHVPF VFIGTVESIA 
       360        370        380        390        400
NAKVLLEYHL SHLKEVEQLR QEKMEIDQQL RAIQESSMGS TQSFPVTRRS 
       410        420        430        440        450
ERGYSSDIES VRSMRGGGGG QRGRVRGRGG GGPGGGNGLN QRYHNNRRDE 
       460        470        480        490        500
DDYNSRGDHQ RDQQRGYNDR GGGDNTGSYR GGGGGAGGPG NNRRGGINRR 
       510        520        530        540        550
PPRNDQQNGR DYQHHNHTTE EVRETREMSS VERADSNSSY EGSSRRRRRQ 
       560        570        580        590        600
KNNNGPSNTN GAVANNNNKP QSAQQPQQQQ PPAPGNKAAL NAGDASKQNS 
       610        620        630        640        650
GNANAAGGAS KPKDASRNGD KQQAGTQQQQ PSQVQQQQAA QQQQPKPRRN 
       660        670        680 
KNRSNNHTDQ PSGQQQLAEN VKKEGLVNGT S                     

        10         20         30         40         50
MKYPFVNVRL PPEETVEVAA PIFEEGMEVE VFTRTNDRET CGWWVGIIKM 
        60         70         80         90        100
RKAEIYAVAY IGFETSYTEI CELGRLRAKN SNPPITAKTF YQFTLPVPEE 
       110        120        130        140        150
LREEAQKDGI HKEFQRTIDA GVCNYSRDLD ALIVISKFEH TQKRASMLKD 
       160        170        180        190        200
MHFRNLSQKV MLLKRTEEAA RQLETTKLMS RGNYVEEFRV RDDLMGLAIG 
       210        220        230        240        250
SHGSNIQAAR TVDGVTNIEL EEKSCTFKIS GETEESVQRA RAMLEYAEEF 
       260        270        280        290        300
FQVPRELVGK VIGKNGRIIQ EIVDKSGVFR IKIAGDDEQD QNIPRELAHV 
       310        320        330        340        350
PFVFIGTVES IANAKVLLEY HLSHLKEVEQ LRQEKMEIDQ QLRAIQESSM 
       360        370        380        390        400
GSTQSFPVTR RSERGYSSDI ESVRSMRGGG GGQRGRVRGR GGGGPGGGNG 
       410        420        430        440        450
LNQRYHNNRR DEDDYNSRGD HQRDQQRGYN DRGGGDNTGS YRGGGGGAGG 
       460        470        480        490        500
PGNNRRGGIN RRPPRNDQQN GRDYQHHNHT TEEVRETREM SSVERADSNS 
       510        520        530        540        550
SYEGSSRRRR RQKNNNGPSN TNGAVANNNN KPQSAQQPQQ QQPPAPGNKA 
       560        570        580        590        600
ALNAGDASKQ NSGNANAAGG ASKPKDASRN GDKQQAGTQQ QQPSQVQQQQ 
       610        620        630        640 
AAQQQQPKPR RNKNRSNNHT DQPSGQQQLA ENVKKEGLVN GTS        

Experimental Info

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases