Regulator of G-protein signaling 2

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• beta-tubulin binding Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "RGS2 promotes formation of neurites by stimulating microtubule polymerization."
    Heo K., Ha S.H., Chae Y.C., Lee S., Oh Y.S., Kim Y.H., Kim S.H., Kim J.H., Mizoguchi A., Itoh T.J., Kwon H.M., Ryu S.H., Suh P.G.
    Cell. Signal. 18:2182-2192(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• G-protein alpha-subunit binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Structural determinants of G-protein alpha subunit selectivity by regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2)."
    Kimple A.J., Soundararajan M., Hutsell S.Q., Roos A.K., Urban D.J., Setola V., Temple B.R., Roth B.L., Knapp S., Willard F.S., Siderovski D.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 284:19402-19411(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• GTPase activator activity Source: UniProtKB

GO - Biological processⁱ

• brain development Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Expression of RGS2, RGS4 and RGS7 in the developing postnatal brain."
    Ingi T., Aoki Y.
    Eur. J. Neurosci. 15:929-936(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• brown fat cell differentiation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Wdnm1-like, a new adipokine with a role in MMP-2 activation."
    Wu Y., Smas C.M.
    Am. J. Physiol. 295:E205-215(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell cycle Source: UniProtKB-KW
• maternal process involved in female pregnancy Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Expression of regulator of G protein signaling-2 in rat myometrium during pregnancy and parturition."
    Suarez V.R., Park E.S., Hankins G.D., Soloff M.S.
    Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 188:973-977(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "RGS2 is a primary terminator of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor-mediated G(i) signaling."
    Chakir K., Zhu W., Tsang S., Woo A.Y., Yang D., Wang X., Zeng X., Rhee M.H., Mende U., Koitabashi N., Takimoto E., Blumer K.J., Lakatta E.G., Kass D.A., Xiao R.P.
    J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 50:1000-1007(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "CRTC3 links catecholamine signalling to energy balance."
    CHARGE Consortium
    Song Y., Altarejos J., Goodarzi M.O., Inoue H., Guo X., Berdeaux R., Kim J.H., Goode J., Igata M., Paz J.C., Hogan M.F., Singh P.K., Goebel N., Vera L., Miller N., Cui J., Jones M.R., Chen Y.D.

    , Taylor K.D., Hsueh W.A., Rotter J.I., Montminy M.
    Nature 468:933-939(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice."
    Takimoto E., Koitabashi N., Hsu S., Ketner E.A., Zhang M., Nagayama T., Bedja D., Gabrielson K.L., Blanton R., Siderovski D.P., Mendelsohn M.E., Kass D.A.
    J. Clin. Invest. 119:408-420(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Selective loss of fine tuning of Gq/11 signaling by RGS2 protein exacerbates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy."
    Zhang W., Anger T., Su J., Hao J., Xu X., Zhu M., Gach A., Cui L., Liao R., Mende U.
    J. Biol. Chem. 281:5811-5820(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "RGS2 and RGS4 modulate melatonin-induced potentiation of glycine currents in rat retinal ganglion cells."
    Ji M., Zhao W.J., Dong L.D., Miao Y., Yang X.L., Sun X.H., Wang Z.
    Brain Res. 1411:1-8(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "RGS2 and RGS4 modulate melatonin-induced potentiation of glycine currents in rat retinal ganglion cells."
    Ji M., Zhao W.J., Dong L.D., Miao Y., Yang X.L., Sun X.H., Wang Z.
    Brain Res. 1411:1-8(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of MAP kinase activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice."
    Takimoto E., Koitabashi N., Hsu S., Ketner E.A., Zhang M., Nagayama T., Bedja D., Gabrielson K.L., Blanton R., Siderovski D.P., Mendelsohn M.E., Kass D.A.
    J. Clin. Invest. 119:408-420(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of phospholipase activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice."
    Takimoto E., Koitabashi N., Hsu S., Ketner E.A., Zhang M., Nagayama T., Bedja D., Gabrielson K.L., Blanton R., Siderovski D.P., Mendelsohn M.E., Kass D.A.
    J. Clin. Invest. 119:408-420(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of translation Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The eIF2B-interacting domain of RGS2 protects against GPCR agonist-induced hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes."
    Chidiac P., Sobiesiak A.J., Lee K.N., Gros R., Nguyen C.H.
    Cell. Signal. 26:1226-1234(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ovulation Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Expression of regulator of G-protein signaling protein-2 gene in the rat ovary at the time of ovulation."
    Ujioka T., Russell D.L., Okamura H., Richards J.S., Espey L.L.
    Biol. Reprod. 63:1513-1517(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice."
    Takimoto E., Koitabashi N., Hsu S., Ketner E.A., Zhang M., Nagayama T., Bedja D., Gabrielson K.L., Blanton R., Siderovski D.P., Mendelsohn M.E., Kass D.A.
    J. Clin. Invest. 119:408-420(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "RGS2 is a primary terminator of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor-mediated G(i) signaling."
    Chakir K., Zhu W., Tsang S., Woo A.Y., Yang D., Wang X., Zeng X., Rhee M.H., Mende U., Koitabashi N., Takimoto E., Blumer K.J., Lakatta E.G., Kass D.A., Xiao R.P.
    J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 50:1000-1007(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neuron projection development Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "RGS2 promotes formation of neurites by stimulating microtubule polymerization."
    Heo K., Ha S.H., Chae Y.C., Lee S., Oh Y.S., Kim Y.H., Kim S.H., Kim J.H., Mizoguchi A., Itoh T.J., Kwon H.M., Ryu S.H., Suh P.G.
    Cell. Signal. 18:2182-2192(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
• relaxation of cardiac muscle Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice."
    Takimoto E., Koitabashi N., Hsu S., Ketner E.A., Zhang M., Nagayama T., Bedja D., Gabrielson K.L., Blanton R., Siderovski D.P., Mendelsohn M.E., Kass D.A.
    J. Clin. Invest. 119:408-420(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• relaxation of vascular smooth muscle Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Regulator of G-protein signaling-2 mediates vascular smooth muscle relaxation and blood pressure."
    Tang K.M., Wang G.R., Lu P., Karas R.H., Aronovitz M., Heximer S.P., Kaltenbronn K.M., Blumer K.J., Siderovski D.P., Zhu Y., Mendelsohn M.E.
    Nat. Med. 9:1506-1512(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to amphetamine Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "The brain gene expression profile of dopamine D2/D3 receptors and associated signaling proteins following amphetamine self-administration."
    Sun H., Calipari E.S., Beveridge T.J., Jones S.R., Chen R.
    Neuroscience 307:253-261(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to ethanol Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure selectively alters the expression of Galpha subunit isoforms and RGS subtypes in rat prefrontal cortex."
    Luessen D.J., Sun H., McGinnis M.M., McCool B.A., Chen R.
    Brain Res. 1672:106-112(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spermatogenesis Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Identification of differentially expressed genes in mouse spermatogenesis."
    Pang A.L., Taylor H.C., Johnson W., Alexander S., Chen Y., Su Y.A., Li X., Ravindranath N., Dym M., Rennert O.M., Chan W.Y.
    J. Androl. 24:899-911(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• beta-tubulin binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "RGS2 promotes formation of neurites by stimulating microtubule polymerization."
    Heo K., Ha S.H., Chae Y.C., Lee S., Oh Y.S., Kim Y.H., Kim S.H., Kim J.H., Mizoguchi A., Itoh T.J., Kwon H.M., Ryu S.H., Suh P.G.
    Cell. Signal. 18:2182-2192(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• G-protein alpha-subunit binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Structural determinants of G-protein alpha subunit selectivity by regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2)."
    Kimple A.J., Soundararajan M., Hutsell S.Q., Roos A.K., Urban D.J., Setola V., Temple B.R., Roth B.L., Knapp S., Willard F.S., Siderovski D.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 284:19402-19411(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

        10         20         30         40         50
MQSAMFLAVQ HDCVPMDKSA GNGPKVEEKR EKMKRTLLKD WKTRLSYFLQ 
        60         70         80         90        100
NSSTPGKPKT GKKSKQQTFI KPSPEEALLW AEAFDELLAS KYGLAAFRAF 
       110        120        130        140        150
LKSEFCEENI EFWLACEDFK KTKSPQKLSS KARKIYTDFI EKEAPKEINI 
       160        170        180        190        200
DFQTKTLIAQ NIQEATSGCF TTAQKRVYSL MENNSYPRFL ESEFYQDLCK 
       210 
KPQITTEPHA T                                           

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ