UniProtKB - Q9BYV7 (BCDO2_HUMAN)
Protein
Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase
Gene
BCO2
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Asymmetrically cleaves beta-carotene at the 9',10' double bond resulting in the formation of beta-apo-10'-carotenal and beta-ionone. Besides beta-carotene, lycopene is also oxidatively cleaved. The apocarotenals formed by this enzyme may be the precursors for the biosynthesis of retinoic acid or exert unknown physiological effects.1 Publication
Catalytic activityi
- EC:1.13.11.71
Cofactori
Fe2+By similarityNote: Binds 1 Fe2+ ion per subunit.By similarity
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Metal bindingi | 226 | Iron; catalyticBy similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 286 | Iron; catalyticBy similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 357 | Iron; catalyticBy similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 573 | Iron; catalyticBy similarity | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- beta,beta-carotene-9',10'-cleaving oxygenase activity Source: UniProtKB-EC
- beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase activity Source: GO_Central
- carotenoid dioxygenase activity Source: GO_Central
- metal ion binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen Source: UniProtKB
GO - Biological processi
- carotene catabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
- carotene metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
- carotenoid metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
- regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential Source: BHF-UCL
- regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
- retinal metabolic process Source: GO_Central
- retinoic acid metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
- retinoid metabolic process Source: Reactome
- xanthophyll metabolic process Source: Ensembl
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Dioxygenase, Oxidoreductase |
Ligand | Iron, Metal-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:G66-33846-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.13.11.71, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | Q9BYV7 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-975634, Retinoid metabolism and transport |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase (EC:1.13.11.71)Alternative name(s): B-diox-II Beta-carotene dioxygenase 2 |
Gene namesi | Name:BCO2 Synonyms:BCDO2 |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:18503, BCO2 |
MIMi | 611740, gene |
neXtProti | NX_Q9BYV7 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000197580.11 |
Subcellular locationi
Mitochondrion
- Mitochondrion 1 Publication
Mitochondrion
- mitochondrial matrix Source: Reactome
- mitochondrion Source: BHF-UCL
Keywords - Cellular componenti
MitochondrionPathology & Biotechi
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 83875 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000197580 |
PharmGKBi | PA162377424 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | Q9BYV7, Tbio |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | BCO2 |
DMDMi | 308153680 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000143937 | 1 – 579 | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenaseAdd BLAST | 579 |
Proteomic databases
MassIVEi | Q9BYV7 |
PaxDbi | Q9BYV7 |
PeptideAtlasi | Q9BYV7 |
PRIDEi | Q9BYV7 |
ProteomicsDBi | 19234 21156 79718 [Q9BYV7-1] 79719 [Q9BYV7-2] 79720 [Q9BYV7-4] |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | Q9BYV7 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q9BYV7 |
SwissPalmi | Q9BYV7 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Highly expressed in retinal pigment epithelium. Also expressed in stomach, small intestine, liver, testis, kidney, adrenal gland, pancreas, heart, skeletal muscle and prostate (at protein level).1 Publication
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000197580, Expressed in right adrenal gland and 173 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9BYV7, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9BYV7, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000197580, Tissue enhanced (heart muscle, liver) |
Interactioni
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000350314 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | Q9BYV7, protein |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1285, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00950000182913 |
OMAi | HHIPYGL |
OrthoDBi | 895046at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9BYV7 |
TreeFami | TF314019 |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004294, Carotenoid_Oase |
PANTHERi | PTHR10543, PTHR10543, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF03055, RPE65, 1 hit |
s (5+)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
This entry describes 5 produced by isoformsialternative splicing. AlignAdd to basketThis entry has 5 described isoforms and 5 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
Isoform 1 (identifier: Q9BYV7-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
This isoform has been chosen as the sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. canonicali
10 20 30 40 50
MFFRVFLHFI RSHSATAVDF LPVMVHRLPV FKRYMGNTPQ KKAVFGQCRG
60 70 80 90 100
LPCVAPLLTT VEEAPRGISA RVWGHFPKWL NGSLLRIGPG KFEFGKDKYN
110 120 130 140 150
HWFDGMALLH QFRMAKGTVT YRSKFLQSDT YKANSAKNRI VISEFGTLAL
160 170 180 190 200
PDPCKNVFER FMSRFELPGK AAAMTDNTNV NYVRYKGDYY LCTETNFMNK
210 220 230 240 250
VDIETLEKTE KVDWSKFIAV NGATAHPHYD LDGTAYNMGN SFGPYGFSYK
260 270 280 290 300
VIRVPPEKVD LGETIHGVQV ICSIASTEKG KPSYYHSFGM TRNYIIFIEQ
310 320 330 340 350
PLKMNLWKIA TSKIRGKAFS DGISWEPQCN TRFHVVEKRT GQLLPGRYYS
360 370 380 390 400
KPFVTFHQIN AFEDQGCVII DLCCQDNGRT LEVYQLQNLR KAGEGLDQVH
410 420 430 440 450
NSAAKSFPRR FVLPLNVSLN APEGDNLSPL SYTSASAVKQ ADGTIWCSHE
460 470 480 490 500
NLHQEDLEKE GGIEFPQIYY DRFSGKKYHF FYGCGFRHLV GDSLIKVDVV
510 520 530 540 550
NKTLKVWRED GFYPSEPVFV PAPGTNEEDG GVILSVVITP NQNESNFILV
560 570
LDAKNFEELG RAEVPVQMPY GFHGTFIPI
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
There are 5 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basketE9PS89 | E9PS89_HUMAN | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | BCO2 | 98 | Annotation score: | ||
H0YCN8 | H0YCN8_HUMAN | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | BCO2 | 273 | Annotation score: | ||
V9GYA9 | V9GYA9_HUMAN | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | BCO2 | 212 | Annotation score: | ||
E9PPP9 | E9PPP9_HUMAN | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | BCO2 | 50 | Annotation score: | ||
H0YCL7 | H0YCL7_HUMAN | Beta,beta-carotene 9',10'-oxygenase | BCO2 | 71 | Annotation score: |
Sequence cautioni
The sequence CAC27994 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Truncated N-terminus.Curated
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 26 | H → Y in CAC27994 (PubMed:11278918).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 177 | N → D in CAC27994 (PubMed:11278918).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 258 | K → E in CAC27994 (PubMed:11278918).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 429 | P → Q in BAG60185 (PubMed:14702039).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 446 | W → C in CAC27994 (PubMed:11278918).Curated | 1 |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_047047 | 231 | L → P3 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs10891338Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_047048 | 289 | G → E. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs17113607Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_047049 | 548 | I → L5 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs2217401Ensembl. | 1 |
Alternative sequence
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequenceiVSP_046915 | 1 – 105 | Missing in isoform 6. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST | 105 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_008599 | 1 – 34 | Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 4. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 34 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_046916 | 173 – 245 | Missing in isoform 5. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST | 73 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_008600 | 501 – 506 | Missing in isoform 4. 1 Publication | 6 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF276432 mRNA Translation: AAK69433.1 AK027801 mRNA Translation: BAB55379.1 AK297853 mRNA Translation: BAG60185.1 EF444956 Genomic DNA Translation: ACA05952.1 AP002884 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471065 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW67192.1 BC041656 mRNA Translation: AAH41656.2 AJ290393 mRNA Translation: CAC27994.1 Different initiation. |
CCDSi | CCDS41716.1 [Q9BYV7-2] CCDS58181.1 [Q9BYV7-5] CCDS58182.1 [Q9BYV7-4] CCDS58183.1 [Q9BYV7-6] CCDS8358.2 [Q9BYV7-1] |
RefSeqi | NP_001032367.2, NM_001037290.2 [Q9BYV7-2] NP_001243326.1, NM_001256397.1 [Q9BYV7-4] NP_001243327.1, NM_001256398.1 [Q9BYV7-5] NP_001243329.1, NM_001256400.1 [Q9BYV7-6] NP_114144.4, NM_031938.5 [Q9BYV7-1] |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000357685; ENSP00000350314; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-1] ENST00000361053; ENSP00000354338; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-5] ENST00000438022; ENSP00000414843; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-2] ENST00000526088; ENSP00000436615; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-4] ENST00000531169; ENSP00000437053; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-2] ENST00000532593; ENSP00000431802; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-6] |
GeneIDi | 83875 |
KEGGi | hsa:83875 |
UCSCi | uc001pnf.4, human [Q9BYV7-1] |
Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi
Alternative splicingSimilar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF276432 mRNA Translation: AAK69433.1 AK027801 mRNA Translation: BAB55379.1 AK297853 mRNA Translation: BAG60185.1 EF444956 Genomic DNA Translation: ACA05952.1 AP002884 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471065 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW67192.1 BC041656 mRNA Translation: AAH41656.2 AJ290393 mRNA Translation: CAC27994.1 Different initiation. |
CCDSi | CCDS41716.1 [Q9BYV7-2] CCDS58181.1 [Q9BYV7-5] CCDS58182.1 [Q9BYV7-4] CCDS58183.1 [Q9BYV7-6] CCDS8358.2 [Q9BYV7-1] |
RefSeqi | NP_001032367.2, NM_001037290.2 [Q9BYV7-2] NP_001243326.1, NM_001256397.1 [Q9BYV7-4] NP_001243327.1, NM_001256398.1 [Q9BYV7-5] NP_001243329.1, NM_001256400.1 [Q9BYV7-6] NP_114144.4, NM_031938.5 [Q9BYV7-1] |
3D structure databases
SMRi | Q9BYV7 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000350314 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | Q9BYV7 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q9BYV7 |
SwissPalmi | Q9BYV7 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | BCO2 |
DMDMi | 308153680 |
Proteomic databases
MassIVEi | Q9BYV7 |
PaxDbi | Q9BYV7 |
PeptideAtlasi | Q9BYV7 |
PRIDEi | Q9BYV7 |
ProteomicsDBi | 19234 21156 79718 [Q9BYV7-1] 79719 [Q9BYV7-2] 79720 [Q9BYV7-4] |
Protocols and materials databases
Antibodypediai | 45628, 117 antibodies |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000357685; ENSP00000350314; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-1] ENST00000361053; ENSP00000354338; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-5] ENST00000438022; ENSP00000414843; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-2] ENST00000526088; ENSP00000436615; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-4] ENST00000531169; ENSP00000437053; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-2] ENST00000532593; ENSP00000431802; ENSG00000197580 [Q9BYV7-6] |
GeneIDi | 83875 |
KEGGi | hsa:83875 |
UCSCi | uc001pnf.4, human [Q9BYV7-1] |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 83875 |
DisGeNETi | 83875 |
GeneCardsi | BCO2 |
HGNCi | HGNC:18503, BCO2 |
HPAi | ENSG00000197580, Tissue enhanced (heart muscle, liver) |
MIMi | 611740, gene |
neXtProti | NX_Q9BYV7 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000197580 |
PharmGKBi | PA162377424 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000197580.11 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1285, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00950000182913 |
OMAi | HHIPYGL |
OrthoDBi | 895046at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q9BYV7 |
TreeFami | TF314019 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:G66-33846-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.13.11.71, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | Q9BYV7 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-975634, Retinoid metabolism and transport |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 83875, 3 hits in 990 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | BCO2, human |
GenomeRNAii | 83875 |
Pharosi | Q9BYV7, Tbio |
PROi | PR:Q9BYV7 |
RNActi | Q9BYV7, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000197580, Expressed in right adrenal gland and 173 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | Q9BYV7, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | Q9BYV7, HS |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004294, Carotenoid_Oase |
PANTHERi | PTHR10543, PTHR10543, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF03055, RPE65, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | BCDO2_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | Q9BYV7Primary (citable) accession number: Q9BYV7 Secondary accession number(s): B0YIX5 Q96JY5 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | October 10, 2003 |
Last sequence update: | October 5, 2010 | |
Last modified: | April 7, 2021 | |
This is version 157 of the entry and version 5 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 11
Human chromosome 11: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families