Zinc finger protein GLIS2

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DNA binding Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Identification of NKL, a novel Gli-Kruppel zinc-finger protein that promotes neuronal differentiation."
    Lamar E., Kintner C., Goulding M.
    Development 128:1335-1346(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, FUNCTION.
• DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2)."
    Vasanth S., ZeRuth G., Kang H.S., Jetten A.M.
    J Biol Chem 286:4749-4759(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity<br />Used for any analysis based on sequence alignment, structure comparison, or evaluation of sequence features such as composition.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iss">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from sequence or structural similarityⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Identification of NKL, a novel Gli-Kruppel zinc-finger protein that promotes neuronal differentiation."
    Lamar E., Kintner C., Goulding M.
    Development 128:1335-1346(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, FUNCTION.
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• metal ion binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
• RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD spectra show the relational style between Zic-, Gli-, Glis-zinc finger protein and DNA."
    Sakai-Kato K., Ishiguro A., Mikoshiba K., Aruga J., Utsunomiya-Tate N.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1784:1011-1019(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding Source: MGI
• transcription cis-regulatory region binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2)."
    Vasanth S., ZeRuth G., Kang H.S., Jetten A.M.
    J Biol Chem 286:4749-4759(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• cell differentiation involved in kidney development Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Loss of GLIS2 causes nephronophthisis in humans and mice by increased apoptosis and fibrosis."
    Attanasio M., Uhlenhaut N.H., Sousa V.H., O'Toole J.F., Otto E., Anlag K., Klugmann C., Treier A.-C., Helou J., Sayer J.A., Seelow D., Nuernberg G., Becker C., Chudley A.E., Nuernberg P., Hildebrandt F., Treier M.
    Nat. Genet. 39:1018-1024(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• central nervous system development Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Functional screen identifies regulators of murine hematopoietic stem cell repopulation."
    Holmfeldt P., Ganuza M., Marathe H., He B., Hall T., Kang G., Moen J., Pardieck J., Saulsberry A.C., Cico A., Gaut L., McGoldrick D., Finkelstein D., Tan K., McKinney-Freeman S.
    J Exp Med 213:433-449(2016) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• kidney development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Glis2 is essential for the maintenance of normal renal functions."
    Kim Y.S., Kang H.S., Herbert R., Beak J.Y., Collins J.B., Grissom S.F., Jetten A.M.
    Mol Cell Biol 28:2358-2367(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2)."
    Vasanth S., ZeRuth G., Kang H.S., Jetten A.M.
    J Biol Chem 286:4749-4759(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.7

    "Increased hedgehog signaling in postnatal kidney results in aberrant activation of nephron developmental programs."
    Li B., Rauhauser A.A., Dai J., Sakthivel R., Igarashi P., Jetten A.M., Attanasio M.
    Hum. Mol. Genet. 20:4155-4166(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH SUFU.
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Characterization of Glis2, a novel gene encoding a Gli-related, Kruppel-like transcription factor with transactivation and repressor functions. Roles in kidney development and neurogenesis."
    Zhang F., Nakanishi G., Kurebayashi S., Yoshino K., Perantoni A., Kim Y.-S., Jetten A.M.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:10139-10149(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, FUNCTION.
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2)."
    Vasanth S., ZeRuth G., Kang H.S., Jetten A.M.
    J Biol Chem 286:4749-4759(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe "traditional" genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • Ref.6

    "The transcriptional repressor Glis2 is a novel binding partner for p120 catenin."
    Hosking C.R., Ulloa F., Hogan C., Ferber E.C., Figueroa A., Gevaert K., Birchmeier W., Briscoe J., Fujita Y.
    Mol. Biol. Cell 18:1918-1927(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CTNND1, CLEAVAGE SITE, DNA-BINDING, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-170; TYR-288 AND ASP-290.
• positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Characterization of Glis2, a novel gene encoding a Gli-related, Kruppel-like transcription factor with transactivation and repressor functions. Roles in kidney development and neurogenesis."
    Zhang F., Nakanishi G., Kurebayashi S., Yoshino K., Perantoni A., Kim Y.-S., Jetten A.M.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:10139-10149(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2)."
    Vasanth S., ZeRuth G., Kang H.S., Jetten A.M.
    J Biol Chem 286:4749-4759(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: MGIInferred from sequence or structural similarityⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Identification of NKL, a novel Gli-Kruppel zinc-finger protein that promotes neuronal differentiation."
    Lamar E., Kintner C., Goulding M.
    Development 128:1335-1346(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, FUNCTION.
• regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in kidney development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Glis2 is essential for the maintenance of normal renal functions."
    Kim Y.S., Kang H.S., Herbert R., Beak J.Y., Collins J.B., Grissom S.F., Jetten A.M.
    Mol Cell Biol 28:2358-2367(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Sites

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stageⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Region

Compositional bias

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Zinc finger

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MHSLDEPLDL KLSITKLRAA REKRERTLGV VRHHALHREL GLVDDSPAPG 
        60         70         80         90        100
SPGSPPPGFL LNPKFPEKVD GRFSAAPLVD LSLSPPSGLD SPNGSSSLSP 
       110        120        130        140        150
ECQGNGDLPP LPTAVDFQPL RYLDGVPSSF QFFLPLGSGG ALHLPASSFL 
       160        170        180        190        200
PPPKDKCLSP ELPLAKQLVC RWAKCNQLFE LLQDLVDHVN DHHVKPEQDA 
       210        220        230        240        250
RYCCHWEGCA RHGRGFNARY KMLIHIRTHT NEKPHRCPTC NKSFSRLENL 
       260        270        280        290        300
KIHNRSHTGE KPYVCPYEGC NKRYSNSSDR FKHTRTHYVD KPYYCKMPGC 
       310        320        330        340        350
HKRYTDPSSL RKHIKAHGHF VSHEQQELLQ LRPPPKPPLP TPDSGSYVSG 
       360        370        380        390        400
AQIIIPNPAA LFGGPSLPGL PLPLPPGPLD LSALACGNGG GGGGGIGPGL 
       410        420        430        440        450
PGSVLPLNLA KNPLLPSPFG AGGLGLPVVS LLGGSAGSKA EGEKGRGSVP 
       460        470        480        490        500
ARVLGLEDHK TPLERTERSR SRPSPDGLPL LPGTVLDLST GNSAASSPEV 
       510        520 
LTPGWVVIPP GSVLLKPAVV N                                

Experimental Info

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
2. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families