DNA polymerase beta

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityⁱ

• a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate

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  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.
  • See the description of this molecule in ChEBI.

  + DNA_(n)

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  = diphosphate

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  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.
  • See the description of this molecule in ChEBI.

  + DNA_(n+1)

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  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.
  EC:2.7.7.7
  • Search proteins in UniProtKB for this EC number.
  • See the description of this EC number in ENZYME.
  Source: Rhea

  • Search for this reaction in UniProtKB.
  • See the description of this reaction in Rhea.

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  a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate

  • Search proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule.
  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.
  • See the description of this molecule in ChEBI.

  zoom

  +

  DNA_(n)

  • Search proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule.
  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.

  zoom

  =

  diphosphate

  • Search proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule.
  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.
  • See the description of this molecule in ChEBI.

  zoom

  +

  DNA_(n+1)

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  • Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule.

  zoom

<p>This subsection of the ‘Function’ section provides information relevant to cofactors. A cofactor is any non-protein substance required for a protein to be catalytically active. Some cofactors are inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in various oxidation states. Others, such as most vitamins, are organic.<p><a href='/help/cofactor' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cofactorⁱ

Sites

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• damaged DNA binding Source: MGI
• DNA binding Source: MGI
• DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Source: UniProtKB
• enzyme binding Source: MGI
• lyase activity Source: UniProtKB
• metal ion binding Source: MGI
• microtubule binding Source: MGIInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The murine DNA glycosylase NEIL2 (mNEIL2) and human DNA polymerase beta bind microtubules in situ and in vitro."
    Conlon K.A., Miller H., Rosenquist T.A., Zharkov D.O., Berrios M.
    DNA Repair (Amst.) 4:419-431(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• aging Source: Ensembl
• apoptotic process Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• base-excision repair Source: UniProtKB
• base-excision repair, gap-filling Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Aphidicolin-resistant and -sensitive base excision repair in wild-type and DNA polymerase beta-defective mouse cells."
    Parlanti E., Pascucci B., Terrados G., Blanco L., Dogliotti E.
    DNA Repair (Amst.) 3:703-710(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Source: UniProtKB
• DNA replication Source: UniProtKB-KW
• double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• homeostasis of number of cells Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• inflammatory response Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Cells deficient in DNA polymerase beta are hypersensitive to alkylating agent-induced apoptosis and chromosomal breakage."
    Ochs K., Sobol R.W., Wilson S.H., Kaina B.
    Cancer Res. 59:1544-1551(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• lymph node development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron apoptotic process Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe “traditional” genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "p53 Deficiency rescues neuronal apoptosis but not differentiation in DNA polymerase beta-deficient mice."
    Sugo N., Niimi N., Aratani Y., Takiguchi-Hayashi K., Koyama H.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:9470-9477(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pyrimidine dimer repair Source: MGI
• response to ethanol Source: Ensembl
• response to gamma radiation Source: Ensembl
• response to hyperoxia Source: Ensembl
• salivary gland morphogenesis Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• somatic diversification of immunoglobulins Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spleen development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Mutation of POLB causes lupus in mice."
    Senejani A.G., Liu Y., Kidane D., Maher S.E., Zeiss C.J., Park H.J., Kashgarian M., McNiff J.M., Zelterman D., Bothwell A.L., Sweasy J.B.
    Cell Rep 6:1-8(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Chemistry databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm_processing_section">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• enzyme binding Source: MGI
• microtubule binding Source: MGIInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The murine DNA glycosylase NEIL2 (mNEIL2) and human DNA polymerase beta bind microtubules in situ and in vitro."
    Conlon K.A., Miller H., Rosenquist T.A., Zharkov D.O., Berrios M.
    DNA Repair (Amst.) 4:419-431(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Region

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term ‘domain’ is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>.<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MSKRKAPQET LNGGITDMLV ELANFEKNVS QAIHKYNAYR KAASVIAKYP 
        60         70         80         90        100
HKIKSGAEAK KLPGVGTKIA EKIDEFLATG KLRKLEKIRQ DDTSSSINFL 
       110        120        130        140        150
TRVTGIGPSA ARKFVDEGIK TLEDLRKNED KLNHHQRIGL KYFEDFEKRI 
       160        170        180        190        200
PREEMLQMQD IVLNEIKKVD SEYIATVCGS FRRGAESSGD MDVLLTHPNF 
       210        220        230        240        250
TSESSKQPKL LHRVVEQLQK VHFITDTLSK GETKFMGVCQ LPSEKDGKEY 
       260        270        280        290        300
PHRRIDIRLI PKDQYYCGVL YFTGSDIFNK NMRAHALEKG FTINEYTIRP 
       310        320        330 
LGVTGVAGEP LPVDSEQDIF DYIQWRYREP KDRSE                 

<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
2. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot