PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• actin binding Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Par-4-mediated recruitment of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton leads to the induction of apoptosis."
    Boosen M., Vetterkind S., Koplin A., Illenberger S., Preuss U.
    Exp Cell Res 311:177-191(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• enzyme binding Source: RGD
• leucine zipper domain binding Source: RGD
• protein kinase C binding Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Regulation of the expression of prostate apoptosis response protein 4 (Par-4) in rat granulosa cells."
    Gonzalez I.H., Santana P., Gonzalez-Robayna I., Ferrer M., Morales V., Blanco F.L., Fanjul L.F.
    Apoptosis 12:769-779(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein phosphatase 1 binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Par-4: a new activator of myosin phosphatase."
    Vetterkind S., Lee E., Sundberg E., Poythress R.H., Tao T.C., Preuss U., Morgan K.G.
    Mol Biol Cell 21:1214-1224(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• actin filament bundle assembly Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Par-4-mediated recruitment of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton leads to the induction of apoptosis."
    Boosen M., Vetterkind S., Koplin A., Illenberger S., Preuss U.
    Exp Cell Res 311:177-191(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostate apoptosis response-4 production in synaptic compartments following apoptotic and excitotoxic insults: evidence for a pivotal role in mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal degeneration."
    Duan W., Rangnekar V.M., Mattson M.P.
    J Neurochem 72:2312-2322(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Par-4-mediated recruitment of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton leads to the induction of apoptosis."
    Boosen M., Vetterkind S., Koplin A., Illenberger S., Preuss U.
    Exp Cell Res 311:177-191(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• apoptotic signaling pathway Source: RGD
• calcium ion import across plasma membrane Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) in puromycin-purified brain capillary endothelial cells cultured on Matrigel."
    Vajda S., Bartha K., Wilhelm I., Krizbai I.A., Adam-Vizi V.
    Neurochem Int 52:1234-1239(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to estradiol stimulus Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Prostate apoptosis response-4 mediates trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons: actions prior to mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation."
    Chan S.L., Tammariello S.P., Estus S., Mattson M.P.
    J Neurochem 73:502-512(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Regulation of the expression of prostate apoptosis response protein 4 (Par-4) in rat granulosa cells."
    Gonzalez I.H., Santana P., Gonzalez-Robayna I., Ferrer M., Morales V., Blanco F.L., Fanjul L.F.
    Apoptosis 12:769-779(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to interleukin-1 Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Interleukin-1beta increased the expression of protease-activated receptor 4 mRNA and protein in dorsal root ganglion neurons."
    Wang Z., Chen D., Zhang R., An S., Zhang Z., Ma Q.
    Neurochem Res 38:1895-1903(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to vitamin E Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Prostate apoptosis response-4 mediates trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons: actions prior to mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation."
    Chan S.L., Tammariello S.P., Estus S., Mattson M.P.
    J Neurochem 73:502-512(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The pronociceptive effect of proteinase-activated receptor-4 stimulation in rat knee joints is dependent on mast cell activation."
    Russell F.A., Zhan S., Dumas A., Lagarde S., Pouliot M., McDougall J.J.
    Pain 152:354-360(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Protease-activated receptor-4: a novel mechanism of inflammatory pain modulation."
    Asfaha S., Cenac N., Houle S., Altier C., Papez M.D., Nguyen C., Steinhoff M., Chapman K., Zamponi G.W., Vergnolle N.
    Br J Pharmacol 150:176-185(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• interleukin-2 production Source: RGD
• negative regulation of B cell proliferation Source: RGD
• negative regulation of calcium ion import Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Protease-activated receptor-4: a novel mechanism of inflammatory pain modulation."
    Asfaha S., Cenac N., Houle S., Altier C., Papez M.D., Nguyen C., Steinhoff M., Chapman K., Zamponi G.W., Vergnolle N.
    Br J Pharmacol 150:176-185(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation Source: RGD
• negative regulation of gene expression Source: RGD
• negative regulation of T cell proliferation Source: RGD
• negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: RGD
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: RGD
• positive regulation of action potential Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The pronociceptive effect of proteinase-activated receptor-4 stimulation in rat knee joints is dependent on mast cell activation."
    Russell F.A., Zhan S., Dumas A., Lagarde S., Pouliot M., McDougall J.J.
    Pain 152:354-360(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process Source: RGD
• positive regulation of apoptotic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostate apoptosis response-4 mediates trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons: actions prior to mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation."
    Chan S.L., Tammariello S.P., Estus S., Mattson M.P.
    J Neurochem 73:502-512(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cellular senescence Source: RGD
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: RGD
• positive regulation of hindgut contraction Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Evidence for the presence of functional protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) in the rat colon."
    Mule F., Pizzuti R., Capparelli A., Vergnolle N.
    Gut 53:229-234(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death Source: RGD
• positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Characterization of thrombin-induced leukocyte rolling and adherence: a potential proinflammatory role for proteinase-activated receptor-4."
    Vergnolle N., Derian C.K., D'Andrea M.R., Steinhoff M., Andrade-Gordon P.
    J Immunol 169:1467-1473(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neuronal action potential Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR4) activation leads to sensitization of rat joint primary afferents via a bradykinin B2 receptor-dependent mechanism."
    Russell F.A., Veldhoen V.E., Tchitchkan D., McDougall J.J.
    J Neurophysiol 103:155-163(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Evidence for the involvement of Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death."
    Culmsee C., Zhu Y., Krieglstein J., Mattson M.P.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 21:334-343(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Characterization of thrombin-induced leukocyte rolling and adherence: a potential proinflammatory role for proteinase-activated receptor-4."
    Vergnolle N., Derian C.K., D'Andrea M.R., Steinhoff M., Andrade-Gordon P.
    J Immunol 169:1467-1473(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostate-apoptosis response-4 phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle."
    MacDonald J.A., Moffat L.D., Al-Ghabkari A., Sutherland C., Walsh M.P.
    Arch Biochem Biophys 535:84-90(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of relaxation of smooth muscle Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Dual modulation by thrombin of the motility of rat oesophageal muscularis mucosae via two distinct protease-activated receptors (PARs): a novel role for PAR-4 as opposed to PAR-1."
    Kawabata A., Kuroda R., Kuroki N., Nishikawa H., Kawai K.
    Br J Pharmacol 131:578-584(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to estradiol Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Long-term melatonin or 17beta-estradiol supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in ovariectomized adult rats."
    Feng Z., Zhang J.T.
    Free Radic Biol Med 39:195-204(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to iron(II) ion Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Prostate apoptosis response-4 production in synaptic compartments following apoptotic and excitotoxic insults: evidence for a pivotal role in mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal degeneration."
    Duan W., Rangnekar V.M., Mattson M.P.
    J Neurochem 72:2312-2322(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to lipopolysaccharide Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Differential expression, time course and distribution of four PARs in rats with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury."
    Jesmin S., Gando S., Zaedi S., Sakuraya F.
    Inflammation 30:14-27(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to wounding Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Protease-activated receptor subtype expression in developing eye and adult retina of the rat after optic nerve crush."
    Rohatgi T., Sedehizade F., Sabel B.A., Reiser G.
    J Neurosci Res 73:246-254(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section reports the experimentally proven effects of inducers and repressors (usually chemical compounds or environmental factors) on the level of protein (or mRNA) expression (up-regulation, down-regulation, constitutive expression).<p><a href='/help/induction' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Inductionⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• actin binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Par-4-mediated recruitment of Amida to the actin cytoskeleton leads to the induction of apoptosis."
    Boosen M., Vetterkind S., Koplin A., Illenberger S., Preuss U.
    Exp Cell Res 311:177-191(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• enzyme binding Source: RGD
• leucine zipper domain binding Source: RGD
• protein kinase C binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Regulation of the expression of prostate apoptosis response protein 4 (Par-4) in rat granulosa cells."
    Gonzalez I.H., Santana P., Gonzalez-Robayna I., Ferrer M., Morales V., Blanco F.L., Fanjul L.F.
    Apoptosis 12:769-779(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein phosphatase 1 binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Par-4: a new activator of myosin phosphatase."
    Vetterkind S., Lee E., Sundberg E., Poythress R.H., Tao T.C., Preuss U., Morgan K.G.
    Mol Biol Cell 21:1214-1224(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Region

Coiled coil

Motif

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MATGGYRSSG STTDFLEEWK AKREKMRAKQ NPVGPGSSGG DPAAKSPAGP 
        60         70         80         90        100
LAQTTAAGTS ELNHGPAGAA APAAPGPGAL NCAHGSSALP RGAPGSRRPE 
       110        120        130        140        150
DECPIAAGAA GAPASRGDEE EPDSAPEKGR SSGPSARKGK GQIEKRKLRE 
       160        170        180        190        200
KRRSTGVVNI PAAECLDEYE DDEAGQKERK REDAITQQNT IQNEAASLPD 
       210        220        230        240        250
PGTSYLPQDP SRTVPGRYKS TISAPEEEIL NRYPRTDRSG FSRHNRDTSA 
       260        270        280        290        300
PANFASSSTL EKRIEDLEKE VLRERQENLR LTRLMQDKEE MIGKLKEEID 
       310        320        330 
LLNRDLDDME DENEQLKQEN KTLLKVVGQL TR                    

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Miscellaneous databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references