Growth arrest-specific protein 6

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Sites

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• calcium ion binding Source: InterPro
• cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• phosphatidylserine binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• protein-macromolecule adaptor activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• protein tyrosine kinase activator activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor ligand activity Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Vitamin K-dependent Gas6 activates ERK kinase and stimulates growth of cardiac fibroblasts."
    Stenhoff J., Dahlback B., Hafizi S.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 319:871-878(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor tyrosine kinase binding Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Reevaluation of the roles of protein S and Gas6 as ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinase Rse/Tyro 3."
    Godowski P.J., Mark M.R., Chen J., Sadick M.D., Raab H., Hammonds R.G.
    Cell 82:355-358(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• signaling receptor binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• activation of protein kinase B activity Source: UniProtKB
• animal organ regeneration Source: Ensembl
• apoptotic cell clearance Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• B cell chemotaxis Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6/Mer axis regulates the homing and survival of the E2A/PBX1-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the bone marrow niche."
    Shiozawa Y., Pedersen E.A., Taichman R.S.
    Exp Hematol 38:132-140(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• blood coagulation Source: Ensembl
• calcium ion transmembrane transport Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Endogenous Gas6 and Ca2+ -channel activation modulate phagocytosis by retinal pigment epithelium."
    Karl M.O., Kroeger W., Wimmers S., Milenkovic V.M., Valtink M., Engelmann K., Strauss O.
    Cell Signal 20:1159-1168(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell-substrate adhesion Source: Ensembl
• cellular protein metabolic process Source: Reactome
• cellular response to drug Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to glucose stimulus Source: UniProtKB
• cellular response to growth factor stimulus Source: Ensembl
• cellular response to interferon-alpha Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to starvation Source: Ensembl
• cellular response to vitamin K Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• dendritic cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport Source: Reactome
• enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
• extracellular matrix assembly Source: UniProtKB
• fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6/Mer axis regulates the homing and survival of the E2A/PBX1-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the bone marrow niche."
    Shiozawa Y., Pedersen E.A., Taichman R.S.
    Exp Hematol 38:132-140(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• leukocyte migration Source: Reactome
• negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6/Mer axis regulates the homing and survival of the E2A/PBX1-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the bone marrow niche."
    Shiozawa Y., Pedersen E.A., Taichman R.S.
    Exp Hematol 38:132-140(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of biomineral tissue development Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Androgen receptor-dependent transactivation of growth arrest-specific gene 6 mediates inhibitory effects of testosterone on vascular calcification."
    Son B.K., Akishita M., Iijima K., Ogawa S., Maemura K., Yu J., Takeyama K., Kato S., Eto M., Ouchi Y.
    J Biol Chem 285:7537-7544(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Gas6-mediated signaling is dependent on the engagement of its gamma-carboxyglutamic acid domain with phosphatidylserine."
    Rajotte I., Hasanbasic I., Blostein M.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 376:70-73(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "The Axl/Gas6 pathway is required for optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development."
    Park I.K., Giovenzana C., Hughes T.L., Yu J., Trotta R., Caligiuri M.A.
    Blood 113:2470-2477(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE GAS6/AXL SIGNALING PATHWAY.
• negative regulation of interleukin-1 production Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of renal albumin absorption Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron migration Source: Ensembl
• peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• phagocytosis Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• platelet degranulation Source: Reactome
• positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "The Axl/Gas6 pathway is required for optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development."
    Park I.K., Giovenzana C., Hughes T.L., Yu J., Trotta R., Caligiuri M.A.
    Blood 113:2470-2477(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE GAS6/AXL SIGNALING PATHWAY.
• positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Vitamin K-dependent Gas6 activates ERK kinase and stimulates growth of cardiac fibroblasts."
    Stenhoff J., Dahlback B., Hafizi S.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 319:871-878(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.8

    "Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrest-specific gene 6."
    Varnum B.C., Young C., Elliott G., Garcia A., Bartley T.D., Fridell Y.W., Hunt R.W., Trail G., Clogston C., Toso R.J., Yanagihara D., Bennett L., Silber M., Merewether L.A., Tseng A., Escobar E., Liu E.T., Yamane H.K.
    Nature 373:623-626(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: RECEPTOR INTERACTION.
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Survival and migration of human dendritic cells are regulated by an IFN-alpha-inducible Axl/Gas6 pathway."
    Scutera S., Fraone T., Musso T., Cappello P., Rossi S., Pierobon D., Orinska Z., Paus R., Bulfone-Paus S., Giovarelli M.
    J Immunol 183:3004-3013(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of glomerular filtration Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "The Axl/Gas6 pathway is required for optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development."
    Park I.K., Giovenzana C., Hughes T.L., Yu J., Trotta R., Caligiuri M.A.
    Blood 113:2470-2477(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE GAS6/AXL SIGNALING PATHWAY.
• positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of phagocytosis Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Endogenous Gas6 and Ca2+ -channel activation modulate phagocytosis by retinal pigment epithelium."
    Karl M.O., Kroeger W., Wimmers S., Milenkovic V.M., Valtink M., Engelmann K., Strauss O.
    Cell Signal 20:1159-1168(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein export from nucleus Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein kinase activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.8

    "Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrest-specific gene 6."
    Varnum B.C., Young C., Elliott G., Garcia A., Bartley T.D., Fridell Y.W., Hunt R.W., Trail G., Clogston C., Toso R.J., Yanagihara D., Bennett L., Silber M., Merewether L.A., Tseng A., Escobar E., Liu E.T., Yamane H.K.
    Nature 373:623-626(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: RECEPTOR INTERACTION.
• positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • Ref.8

    "Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrest-specific gene 6."
    Varnum B.C., Young C., Elliott G., Garcia A., Bartley T.D., Fridell Y.W., Hunt R.W., Trail G., Clogston C., Toso R.J., Yanagihara D., Bennett L., Silber M., Merewether L.A., Tseng A., Escobar E., Liu E.T., Yamane H.K.
    Nature 373:623-626(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: RECEPTOR INTERACTION.
• positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of TOR signaling Source: UniProtKB
• post-translational protein modification Source: Reactome
• protein kinase B signaling Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Gas6/Axl signaling activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt1 survival pathway to protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis."
    Shankar S.L., O'Guin K., Kim M., Varnum B., Lemke G., Brosnan C.F., Shafit-Zagardo B.
    J Neurosci 26:5638-5648(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 expression is inhibited by GAS6 in monocytes/macrophages."
    Alciato F., Sainaghi P.P., Sola D., Castello L., Avanzi G.C.
    J Leukoc Biol 87:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein localization to plasma membrane Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein phosphorylation Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• regulation of growth Source: UniProtKB-KW
• signal transduction Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GAS6-induced signaling in human endothelial cells is mediated by FOXO1a."
    Ganopolsky J.G., Abid M.R., Aird W.C., Blostein M.D.
    J Thromb Haemost 6:1804-1811(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • Ref.8

    "Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrest-specific gene 6."
    Varnum B.C., Young C., Elliott G., Garcia A., Bartley T.D., Fridell Y.W., Hunt R.W., Trail G., Clogston C., Toso R.J., Yanagihara D., Bennett L., Silber M., Merewether L.A., Tseng A., Escobar E., Liu E.T., Yamane H.K.
    Nature 373:623-626(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: RECEPTOR INTERACTION.
• viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).
• viral genome replication Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.15

    "The soluble serum protein Gas6 bridges virion envelope phosphatidylserine to the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase Axl to mediate viral entry."
    Morizono K., Xie Y., Olafsen T., Lee B., Dasgupta A., Wu A.M., Chen I.S.
    Cell Host Microbe 9:286-298(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (MICROBIAL INFECTION).

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous databases

Genetic variation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• receptor ligand activity Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Vitamin K-dependent Gas6 activates ERK kinase and stimulates growth of cardiac fibroblasts."
    Stenhoff J., Dahlback B., Hafizi S.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 319:871-878(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor tyrosine kinase binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Reevaluation of the roles of protein S and Gas6 as ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinase Rse/Tyro 3."
    Godowski P.J., Mark M.R., Chen J., Sadick M.D., Raab H., Hammonds R.G.
    Cell 82:355-358(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• signaling receptor binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The role of gamma-carboxylation in the anti-apoptotic function of gas6."
    Hasanbasic I., Rajotte I., Blostein M.
    J Thromb Haemost 3:2790-2797(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (5)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

        10         20         30         40         50
MAPSLSPGPA ALRRAPQLLL LLLAAECALA ALLPAREATQ FLRPRQRRAF 
        60         70         80         90        100
QVFEEAKQGH LERECVEELC SREEAREVFE NDPETDYFYP RYLDCINKYG 
       110        120        130        140        150
SPYTKNSGFA TCVQNLPDQC TPNPCDRKGT QACQDLMGNF FCLCKAGWGG 
       160        170        180        190        200
RLCDKDVNEC SQENGGCLQI CHNKPGSFHC SCHSGFELSS DGRTCQDIDE 
       210        220        230        240        250
CADSEACGEA RCKNLPGSYS CLCDEGFAYS SQEKACRDVD ECLQGRCEQV 
       260        270        280        290        300
CVNSPGSYTC HCDGRGGLKL SQDMDTCEDI LPCVPFSVAK SVKSLYLGRM 
       310        320        330        340        350
FSGTPVIRLR FKRLQPTRLV AEFDFRTFDP EGILLFAGGH QDSTWIVLAL 
       360        370        380        390        400
RAGRLELQLR YNGVGRVTSS GPVINHGMWQ TISVEELARN LVIKVNRDAV 
       410        420        430        440        450
MKIAVAGDLF QPERGLYHLN LTVGGIPFHE KDLVQPINPR LDGCMRSWNW 
       460        470        480        490        500
LNGEDTTIQE TVKVNTRMQC FSVTERGSFY PGSGFAFYSL DYMRTPLDVG 
       510        520        530        540        550
TESTWEVEVV AHIRPAADTG VLFALWAPDL RAVPLSVALV DYHSTKKLKK 
       560        570        580        590        600
QLVVLAVEHT ALALMEIKVC DGQEHVVTVS LRDGEATLEV DGTRGQSEVS 
       610        620        630        640        650
AAQLQERLAV LERHLRSPVL TFAGGLPDVP VTSAPVTAFY RGCMTLEVNR 
       660        670 
RLLDLDEAAY KHSDITAHSC PPVEPAAA                         

        10         20         30         40         50
MAPSLSPGPA ALRRAPQLLL LLLAAECALA ALLPAREATQ FLRPRQRRAF 
        60         70         80         90        100
QVFEEAKQGH LERECVEELC SREEAREVFE NDPETDYFYP RYLDCINKYG 
       110        120        130        140        150
SPYTKNSGFA TCVQNLPDQC TPNPCDRKGT QACQDLMGNF FCLCKAGWGG 
       160        170        180        190        200
RLCDKDVNEC SQENGGCLQI CHNKPGSFHC SCHSGFELSS DGRTCQDIDE 
       210        220        230        240        250
CADSEACGEA RCKNLPGSYS CLCDEGFAYS SQEKACRDVD ECLQGRCEQV 
       260        270        280        290        300
CVNSPGSYTC HCDGRGGLKL SQDMDTCELE AGWPCPRHRR DGSPAARPGR 
       310        320        330        340        350
GAQGSRSEGH IPDRRGPRPW QDILPCVPFS VAKSVKSLYL GRMFSGTPVI 
       360        370        380        390        400
RLRFKRLQPT RLVAEFDFRT FDPEGILLFA GGHQDSTWIV LALRAGRLEL 
       410        420        430        440        450
QLRYNGVGRV TSSGPVINHG MWQTISVEEL ARNLVIKVNR DAVMKIAVAG 
       460        470        480        490        500
DLFQPERGLY HLNLTVGGIP FHEKDLVQPI NPRLDGCMRS WNWLNGEDTT 
       510        520        530        540        550
IQETVKVNTR MQCFSVTERG SFYPGSGFAF YSLDYMRTPL DVGTESTWEV 
       560        570        580        590        600
EVVAHIRPAA DTGVLFALWA PDLRAVPLSV ALVDYHSTKK LKKQLVVLAV 
       610        620        630        640        650
EHTALALMEI KVCDGQEHVV TVSLRDGEAT LEVDGTRGQS EVSAAQLQER 
       660        670        680        690        700
LAVLERHLRS PVLTFAGGLP DVPVTSAPVT AFYRGCMTLE VNRRLLDLDE 
       710        720 
AAYKHSDITA HSCPPVEPAA A                                

        10         20         30         40         50
MCMCQASPPP AALAGCLLSS CVQPAREHGG AFSKAEWLSN CINKYGSPYT 
        60         70         80         90        100
KNSGFATCVQ NLPDQCTPNP CDRKGTQACQ DLMGNFFCLC KAGWGGRLCD 
       110        120        130        140        150
KDVNECSQEN GGCLQICHNK PGSFHCSCHS GFELSSDGRT CQDIDECADS 
       160        170        180        190        200
EACGEARCKN LPGSYSCLCD EGFAYSSQEK ACRDVDECLQ GRCEQVCVNS 
       210        220        230        240        250
PGSYTCHCDG RGGLKLSQDM DTCEDILPCV PFSVAKSVKS LYLGRMFSGT 
       260        270        280        290        300
PVIRLRFKRL QPTRLVAEFD FRTFDPEGIL LFAGGHQDST WIVLALRAGR 
       310        320        330        340        350
LELQLRYNGV GRVTSSGPVI NHGMWQTISV EELARNLVIK VNRDAVMKIA 
       360        370        380        390        400
VAGDLFQPER GLYHLNLTVG GIPFHEKDLV QPINPRLDGC MRSWNWLNGE 
       410        420        430        440        450
DTTIQETVKV NTRMQCFSVT ERGSFYPGSG FAFYSLDYMR TPLDVGTEST 
       460        470        480        490        500
WEVEVVAHIR PAADTGVLFA LWAPDLRAVP LSVALVDYHS TKKLKKQLVV 
       510        520        530        540        550
LAVEHTALAL MEIKVCDGQE HVVTVSLRDG EATLEVDGTR GQSEVSAAQL 
       560        570        580        590        600
QERLAVLERH LRSPVLTFAG GLPDVPVTSA PVTAFYRGCM TLEVNRRLLD 
       610        620 
LDEAAYKHSD ITAHSCPPVE PAAA                             

        10         20         30         40         50
MDTCEDILPC VPFSVAKSVK SLYLGRMFSG TPVIRLRFKR LQPTRLVAEF 
        60         70         80         90        100
DFRTFDPEGI LLFAGGHQDS TWIVLALRAG RLELQLRYNG VGRVTSSGPV 
       110        120        130        140        150
INHGMWQTIS VEELARNLVI KVNRDAVMKI AVAGDLFQPE RGLYHLNLTV 
       160        170        180        190        200
GGIPFHEKDL VQPINPRLDG CMRSWNWLNG EDTTIQETVK VNTRMQCFSV 
       210        220        230        240        250
TERGSFYPGS GFAFYSLDYM RTPLDVGTES TWEVEVVAHI RPAADTGVLF 
       260        270        280        290        300
ALWAPDLRAV PLSVALVDYH STKKLKKQLV VLAVEHTALA LMEIKVCDGQ 
       310        320        330        340        350
EHVVTVSLRD GEATLEVDGT RGQSEVSAAQ LQERLAVLER HLRSPVLTFA 
       360        370        380        390        400
GGLPDVPVTS APVTAFYRGC MTLEVNRRLL DLDEAAYKHS DITAHSCPPV 

EPAAA                                                  

        10         20         30         40         50
MFSGTPVIRL RFKRLQPTRL VAEFDFRTFD PEGILLFAGG HQDSTWIVLA 
        60         70         80         90        100
LRAGRLELQL RYNGVGRVTS SGPVINHGMW QTISVEELAR NLVIKVNRDA 
       110        120        130        140        150
VMKIAVAGDL FQPERGLYHL NLTVGGIPFH EKDLVQPINP RLDGCMRSWN 
       160        170        180        190        200
WLNGEDTTIQ ETVKVNTRMQ CFSVTERGSF YPGSGFAFYS LDYMRTPLDV 
       210        220        230        240        250
GTESTWEVEV VAHIRPAADT GVLFALWAPD LRAVPLSVAL VDYHSTKKLK 
       260        270        280        290        300
KQLVVLAVEH TALALMEIKV CDGQEHVVTV SLRDGEATLE VDGTRGQSEV 
       310        320        330        340        350
SAAQLQERLA VLERHLRSPV LTFAGGLPDV PVTSAPVTAF YRGCMTLEVN 
       360        370 
RRLLDLDEAA YKHSDITAHS CPPVEPAAA                        

Experimental Info

Natural variant

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/cross%5Freferences%5Fsection">Cross-references</a> section provides links to various web resources that are relevant for a specific protein.<p><a href='/help/web_resource' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Web resourcesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Genetic variation databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. Human chromosome 13
   Human chromosome 13: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
2. Human entries with genetic variants
   List of human entries with genetic variants
3. Human variants curated from literature reports
   Index of human variants curated from literature reports
4. MIM cross-references
   Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
5. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references