Dynactin subunit 2

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• identical protein binding Source: IntAct <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network."
    Rolland T., Tasan M., Charloteaux B., Pevzner S.J., Zhong Q., Sahni N., Yi S., Lemmens I., Fontanillo C., Mosca R., Kamburov A., Ghiassian S.D., Yang X., Ghamsari L., Balcha D., Begg B.E., Braun P., Brehme M.

    , Broly M.P., Carvunis A.R., Convery-Zupan D., Corominas R., Coulombe-Huntington J., Dann E., Dreze M., Dricot A., Fan C., Franzosa E., Gebreab F., Gutierrez B.J., Hardy M.F., Jin M., Kang S., Kiros R., Lin G.N., Luck K., MacWilliams A., Menche J., Murray R.R., Palagi A., Poulin M.M., Rambout X., Rasla J., Reichert P., Romero V., Ruyssinck E., Sahalie J.M., Scholz A., Shah A.A., Sharma A., Shen Y., Spirohn K., Tam S., Tejeda A.O., Trigg S.A., Twizere J.C., Vega K., Walsh J., Cusick M.E., Xia Y., Barabasi A.L., Iakoucheva L.M., Aloy P., De Las Rivas J., Tavernier J., Calderwood M.A., Hill D.E., Hao T., Roth F.P., Vidal M.
    Cell 159:1212-1226(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "A reference map of the human binary protein interactome."
    Luck K., Kim D.K., Lambourne L., Spirohn K., Begg B.E., Bian W., Brignall R., Cafarelli T., Campos-Laborie F.J., Charloteaux B., Choi D., Cote A.G., Daley M., Deimling S., Desbuleux A., Dricot A., Gebbia M., Hardy M.F.

    , Kishore N., Knapp J.J., Kovacs I.A., Lemmens I., Mee M.W., Mellor J.C., Pollis C., Pons C., Richardson A.D., Schlabach S., Teeking B., Yadav A., Babor M., Balcha D., Basha O., Bowman-Colin C., Chin S.F., Choi S.G., Colabella C., Coppin G., D'Amata C., De Ridder D., De Rouck S., Duran-Frigola M., Ennajdaoui H., Goebels F., Goehring L., Gopal A., Haddad G., Hatchi E., Helmy M., Jacob Y., Kassa Y., Landini S., Li R., van Lieshout N., MacWilliams A., Markey D., Paulson J.N., Rangarajan S., Rasla J., Rayhan A., Rolland T., San-Miguel A., Shen Y., Sheykhkarimli D., Sheynkman G.M., Simonovsky E., Tasan M., Tejeda A., Tropepe V., Twizere J.C., Wang Y., Weatheritt R.J., Weile J., Xia Y., Yang X., Yeger-Lotem E., Zhong Q., Aloy P., Bader G.D., De Las Rivas J., Gaudet S., Hao T., Rak J., Tavernier J., Hill D.E., Vidal M., Roth F.P., Calderwood M.A.
    Nature 580:402-408(2020) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• motor activity Source: UniProtKB-KW
• protein kinase binding Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "GSK-3beta-regulated interaction of BICD with dynein is involved in microtubule anchorage at centrosome."
    Fumoto K., Hoogenraad C.C., Kikuchi A.
    EMBO J 25:5670-5682(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spectrin binding Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The giant spectrin betaV couples the molecular motors to phototransduction and Usher syndrome type I proteins along their trafficking route."
    Papal S., Cortese M., Legendre K., Sorusch N., Dragavon J., Sahly I., Shorte S., Wolfrum U., Petit C., El-Amraoui A.
    Hum Mol Genet 22:3773-3788(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II Source: Reactome
• ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking Source: Reactome
• endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport Source: Reactome
• G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle Source: Reactome
• melanosome transport Source: Ensembl
• mitotic metaphase plate congression Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Molecular characterization of the 50-kD subunit of dynactin reveals function for the complex in chromosome alignment and spindle organization during mitosis."
    Echeverri C.J., Paschal B.M., Vaughan K.T., Vallee R.B.
    J. Cell Biol. 132:617-633(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• mitotic spindle organization Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Molecular characterization of the 50-kD subunit of dynactin reveals function for the complex in chromosome alignment and spindle organization during mitosis."
    Echeverri C.J., Paschal B.M., Vaughan K.T., Vallee R.B.
    J. Cell Biol. 132:617-633(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
• protein localization to centrosome Source: SYSCILIA_CCNETInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Ccdc13 is a novel human centriolar satellite protein required for ciliogenesis and genome stability."
    Staples C.J., Myers K.N., Beveridge R.D., Patil A.A., Howard A.E., Barone G., Lee A.J., Swanton C., Howell M., Maslen S., Skehel J.M., Boulton S.J., Collis S.J.
    J. Cell Sci. 127:2910-2919(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle Source: Reactome

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

2D gel databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• identical protein binding Source: IntActInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network."
    Rolland T., Tasan M., Charloteaux B., Pevzner S.J., Zhong Q., Sahni N., Yi S., Lemmens I., Fontanillo C., Mosca R., Kamburov A., Ghiassian S.D., Yang X., Ghamsari L., Balcha D., Begg B.E., Braun P., Brehme M.

    , Broly M.P., Carvunis A.R., Convery-Zupan D., Corominas R., Coulombe-Huntington J., Dann E., Dreze M., Dricot A., Fan C., Franzosa E., Gebreab F., Gutierrez B.J., Hardy M.F., Jin M., Kang S., Kiros R., Lin G.N., Luck K., MacWilliams A., Menche J., Murray R.R., Palagi A., Poulin M.M., Rambout X., Rasla J., Reichert P., Romero V., Ruyssinck E., Sahalie J.M., Scholz A., Shah A.A., Sharma A., Shen Y., Spirohn K., Tam S., Tejeda A.O., Trigg S.A., Twizere J.C., Vega K., Walsh J., Cusick M.E., Xia Y., Barabasi A.L., Iakoucheva L.M., Aloy P., De Las Rivas J., Tavernier J., Calderwood M.A., Hill D.E., Hao T., Roth F.P., Vidal M.
    Cell 159:1212-1226(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "A reference map of the human binary protein interactome."
    Luck K., Kim D.K., Lambourne L., Spirohn K., Begg B.E., Bian W., Brignall R., Cafarelli T., Campos-Laborie F.J., Charloteaux B., Choi D., Cote A.G., Daley M., Deimling S., Desbuleux A., Dricot A., Gebbia M., Hardy M.F.

    , Kishore N., Knapp J.J., Kovacs I.A., Lemmens I., Mee M.W., Mellor J.C., Pollis C., Pons C., Richardson A.D., Schlabach S., Teeking B., Yadav A., Babor M., Balcha D., Basha O., Bowman-Colin C., Chin S.F., Choi S.G., Colabella C., Coppin G., D'Amata C., De Ridder D., De Rouck S., Duran-Frigola M., Ennajdaoui H., Goebels F., Goehring L., Gopal A., Haddad G., Hatchi E., Helmy M., Jacob Y., Kassa Y., Landini S., Li R., van Lieshout N., MacWilliams A., Markey D., Paulson J.N., Rangarajan S., Rasla J., Rayhan A., Rolland T., San-Miguel A., Shen Y., Sheykhkarimli D., Sheynkman G.M., Simonovsky E., Tasan M., Tejeda A., Tropepe V., Twizere J.C., Wang Y., Weatheritt R.J., Weile J., Xia Y., Yang X., Yeger-Lotem E., Zhong Q., Aloy P., Bader G.D., De Las Rivas J., Gaudet S., Hao T., Rak J., Tavernier J., Hill D.E., Vidal M., Roth F.P., Calderwood M.A.
    Nature 580:402-408(2020) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein kinase binding Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "GSK-3beta-regulated interaction of BICD with dynein is involved in microtubule anchorage at centrosome."
    Fumoto K., Hoogenraad C.C., Kikuchi A.
    EMBO J 25:5670-5682(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spectrin binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The giant spectrin betaV couples the molecular motors to phototransduction and Usher syndrome type I proteins along their trafficking route."
    Papal S., Cortese M., Legendre K., Sorusch N., Dragavon J., Sahly I., Shorte S., Wolfrum U., Petit C., El-Amraoui A.
    Hum Mol Genet 22:3773-3788(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Coiled coil

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (3+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry has 3 described isoforms and 7 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MADPKYADLP GIARNEPDVY ETSDLPEDDQ AEFDAEELTS TSVEHIIVNP 
        60         70         80         90        100
NAAYDKFKDK RVGTKGLDFS DRIGKTKRTG YESGEYEMLG EGLGVKETPQ 
       110        120        130        140        150
QKYQRLLHEV QELTTEVEKI KTTVKESATE EKLTPVLLAK QLAALKQQLV 
       160        170        180        190        200
ASHLEKLLGP DAAINLTDPD GALAKRLLLQ LEATKNSKGG SGGKTTGTPP 
       210        220        230        240        250
DSSLVTYELH SRPEQDKFSQ AAKVAELEKR LTELETAVRC DQDAQNPLSA 
       260        270        280        290        300
GLQGACLMET VELLQAKVSA LDLAVLDQVE ARLQSVLGKV NEIAKHKASV 
       310        320        330        340        350
EDADTQSKVH QLYETIQRWS PIASTLPELV QRLVTIKQLH EQAMQFGQLL 
       360        370        380        390        400
THLDTTQQMI ANSLKDNTTL LTQVQTTMRE NLATVEGNFA SIDERMKKLG 

K                                                      

        10         20         30         40         50
MADPKYADLP GIARNEPDVY ETSDLPEDDQ AEFDAFAQEL EELTSTSVEH 
        60         70         80         90        100
IIVNPNAAYD KFKDKRVGTK GLDFSDRIGK TKRTGYESGE YEMLGEGLGV 
       110        120        130        140        150
KETPQQKYQR LLHEVQELTT EVEKIKTTVK ESATEEKLTP VLLAKQLAAL 
       160        170        180        190        200
KQQLVASHLE KLLGPDAAIN LTDPDGALAK RLLLQLEATK NSKGGSGGKT 
       210        220        230        240        250
TGTPPDSSLV TYELHSRPEQ DKFSQAAKVA ELEKRLTELE TAVRCDQDAQ 
       260        270        280        290        300
NPLSAGLQGA CLMETVELLQ AKVSALDLAV LDQVEARLQS VLGKVNEIAK 
       310        320        330        340        350
HKASVEDADT QSKVHQLYET IQRWSPIAST LPELVQRLVT IKQLHEQAMQ 
       360        370        380        390        400
FGQLLTHLDT TQQMIANSLK DNTTLLTQVQ TTMRENLATV EGNFASIDER 

MKKLGK                                                 

        10         20         30         40         50
MADPKYADLP GIARNEPDVY ETSDLPEDDQ AEFDAELEEL TSTSVEHIIV 
        60         70         80         90        100
NPNAAYDKFK DKRVGTKGLD FSDRIGKTKR TGYESGEYEM LGEGLGVKET 
       110        120        130        140        150
PQQKYQRLLH EVQELTTEVE KIKTTVKESA TEEKLTPVLL AKQLAALKQQ 
       160        170        180        190        200
LVASHLEKLL GPDAAINLTD PDGALAKRLL LQLEATKNSK GGSGGKTTGT 
       210        220        230        240        250
PPDSSLVTYE LHSRPEQDKF SQAAKVAELE KRLTELETAV RCDQDAQNPL 
       260        270        280        290        300
SAGLQGACLM ETVELLQAKV SALDLAVLDQ VEARLQSVLG KVNEIAKHKA 
       310        320        330        340        350
SVEDADTQSK VHQLYETIQR WSPIASTLPE LVQRLVTIKQ LHEQAMQFGQ 
       360        370        380        390        400
LLTHLDTTQQ MIANSLKDNT TLLTQVQTTM RENLATVEGN FASIDERMKK 

LGK                                                    

<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

2D gel databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. MIM cross-references
   Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
2. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
3. Human chromosome 12
   Human chromosome 12: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM