UniProtKB - Q09073 (ADT2_RAT)
ADP/ATP translocase 2
Slc25a5
Functioni
ADP:ATP antiporter that mediates import of ADP into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis, and export of ATP out to fuel the cell (By similarity).
Cycles between the cytoplasmic-open state (c-state) and the matrix-open state (m-state): operates by the alternating access mechanism with a single substrate-binding site intermittently exposed to either the cytosolic (c-state) or matrix (m-state) side of the inner mitochondrial membrane (By similarity).
In addition to its ADP:ATP antiporter activity, also involved in mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activity. Plays a role in mitochondrial uncoupling by acting as a proton transporter: proton transport uncouples the proton flows via the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to reduce the efficiency of ATP production and cause mitochondrial thermogenesis. Proton transporter activity is inhibited by ADP:ATP antiporter activity, suggesting that SLC25A5/ANT2 acts as a master regulator of mitochondrial energy output by maintaining a delicate balance between ATP production (ADP:ATP antiporter activity) and thermogenesis (proton transporter activity). Proton transporter activity requires free fatty acids as cofactor, but does not transport it. Probably mediates mitochondrial uncoupling in tissues that do not express UCP1. Also plays a key role in mPTP opening, a non-specific pore that enables free passage of the mitochondrial membranes to solutes of up to 1.5 kDa, and which contributes to cell death. It is however unclear if SLC25A5/ANT2 constitutes a pore-forming component of mPTP or regulates it (By similarity).
Acts as a regulator of mitophagy independently of ADP:ATP antiporter activity: promotes mitophagy via interaction with TIMM44, leading to inhibit the presequence translocase TIMM23, thereby promoting stabilization of PINK1 (By similarity).
As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it may play a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity).
By similarityCatalytic activityi
Activity regulationi
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Binding sitei | 80 | ADPBy similarity | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 92 | ADPBy similarity | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 235 | ADPBy similarity | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- adenine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity Source: RGD
- ATP:ADP antiporter activity Source: UniProtKB
- oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity Source: UniProtKB
- proton transmembrane transporter activity Source: RGD
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: RGD
GO - Biological processi
- adaptive thermogenesis Source: UniProtKB
- adenine nucleotide transport Source: RGD
- B cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB
- cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor Source: RGD
- chromosome segregation Source: UniProtKB-KW
- erythrocyte differentiation Source: UniProtKB
- mitochondrial ADP transmembrane transport Source: UniProtKB
- mitochondrial ATP transmembrane transport Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of mitophagy Source: UniProtKB
- regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Biological process | Antiport, Chromosome partition, Transport |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-RNO-83936, Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: ADP/ATP translocase 2CuratedAlternative name(s): ADP,ATP carrier protein 2By similarity Adenine nucleotide translocator 21 Publication Short name: ANT 21 Publication Solute carrier family 25 member 5Curated Cleaved into the following chain: |
Gene namesi | |
Organismi | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 10116 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Myomorpha › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
RGDi | 620353, Slc25a5 |
Subcellular locationi
Mitochondrion
- Mitochondrion inner membrane By similarity; Multi-pass membrane protein Sequence analysis
Other locations
- Membrane By similarity; Multi-pass membrane protein Sequence analysis
Note: May localize to non-mitochondrial membranes.By similarity
Cytoskeleton
- MMXD complex Source: UniProtKB
Mitochondrion
- mitochondrial inner membrane Source: RGD
- mitochondrial nucleoid Source: RGD
- mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex Source: UniProtKB
Other locations
- membrane Source: RGD
- membrane raft Source: CAFA
Topology
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Topological domaini | 1 – 7 | Mitochondrial intermembraneCurated | 7 | |
Transmembranei | 8 – 37 | Helical; Name=1By similarityAdd BLAST | 30 | |
Topological domaini | 38 – 74 | Mitochondrial matrixCuratedAdd BLAST | 37 | |
Transmembranei | 75 – 99 | Helical; Name=2By similarityAdd BLAST | 25 | |
Topological domaini | 100 – 109 | Mitochondrial intermembraneCurated | 10 | |
Transmembranei | 110 – 130 | Helical; Name=3By similarityAdd BLAST | 21 | |
Topological domaini | 131 – 178 | Mitochondrial matrixCuratedAdd BLAST | 48 | |
Transmembranei | 179 – 199 | Helical; Name=4By similarityAdd BLAST | 21 | |
Topological domaini | 200 – 210 | Mitochondrial intermembraneCuratedAdd BLAST | 11 | |
Transmembranei | 211 – 231 | Helical; Name=5By similarityAdd BLAST | 21 | |
Topological domaini | 232 – 273 | Mitochondrial matrixCuratedAdd BLAST | 42 | |
Transmembranei | 274 – 291 | Helical; Name=6By similarityAdd BLAST | 18 | |
Topological domaini | 292 – 298 | Mitochondrial intermembraneCurated | 7 |
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Membrane, Mitochondrion, Mitochondrion inner membranePTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000423223 | 1 – 298 | ADP/ATP translocase 2Add BLAST | 298 | |
Initiator methioninei | Removed; alternate1 Publication | |||
ChainiPRO_0000090582 | 2 – 298 | ADP/ATP translocase 2, N-terminally processedAdd BLAST | 297 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 1 | N-acetylmethionineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 2 | N-acetylthreonine; in ADP/ATP translocase 2, N-terminally processed1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 7 | PhosphoserineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 23 | N6-malonyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 43 | N6-succinyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 52 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 52 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 52 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 92 | N6-malonyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 96 | N6-malonyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 105 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 105 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 147 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 147 | N6-malonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 147 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 147 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 155 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 155 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 163 | N6-acetyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 166 | N6-acetyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 268 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 268 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, Methylation, PhosphoproteinProteomic databases
jPOSTi | Q09073 |
PaxDbi | Q09073 |
PRIDEi | Q09073 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | Q09073 |
iPTMneti | Q09073 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q09073 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSRNOG00000039980, Expressed in kidney and 21 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | Q09073, RN |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Monomer (By similarity).
Component of the MMXD complex, which includes CIAO1, ERCC2, CIAO2B, MMS19 and SLC25A5/ANT2.
Interacts with AK4 (By similarity).
Interacts with TIMM44; leading to inhibit the presequence translocase TIMM23, thereby promoting stabilization of PINK1 (By similarity).
By similarityGO - Molecular functioni
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: RGD
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 247232, 6 interactors |
CORUMi | Q09073 |
IntActi | Q09073, 5 interactors |
MINTi | Q09073 |
STRINGi | 10116.ENSRNOP00000015913 |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Repeati | 6 – 98 | Solcar 1Add BLAST | 93 | |
Repeati | 111 – 201 | Solcar 2Add BLAST | 91 | |
Repeati | 212 – 297 | Solcar 3Add BLAST | 86 |
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 235 – 240 | Important for transport activityBy similarity | 6 |
Motif
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Motifi | 235 – 240 | Nucleotide carrier signature motifBy similarity | 6 |
Domaini
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
Repeat, Transmembrane, Transmembrane helixPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0749, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000154400 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_015166_12_0_1 |
InParanoidi | Q09073 |
OMAi | GYGKWLA |
OrthoDBi | 870903at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q09073 |
TreeFami | TF300743 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.50.40.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR002113, ADT_euk_type IPR002067, Mit_carrier IPR018108, Mitochondrial_sb/sol_carrier IPR023395, Mt_carrier_dom_sf |
PANTHERi | PTHR45635, PTHR45635, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00153, Mito_carr, 3 hits |
PRINTSi | PR00927, ADPTRNSLCASE PR00926, MITOCARRIER |
SUPFAMi | SSF103506, SSF103506, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50920, SOLCAR, 3 hits |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
10 20 30 40 50
MTDAAVSFAK DFLAGGVAAA ISKTAVAPIE RVKLLLQVQH ASKQITADKQ
60 70 80 90 100
YKGIIDCVVR IPKEQGVLSF WRGNLANVIR YFPTQALNFA FKDKYKQIFL
110 120 130 140 150
GGVDKRTQFW RYFAGNLASG GAAGATSLCF VYPLDFARTR LAADVGKAGA
160 170 180 190 200
EREFKGLGDC LVKIYKSDGI KGLYQGFNVS VQGIIIYRAA YFGIYDTAKG
210 220 230 240 250
MLPDPKNTHI FISWMIAQSV TAVAGLTSYP FDTVRRRMMM QSGRKGTDIM
260 270 280 290
YTGTLDCWRK IARDEGGKAF FKGAWSNVLR GMGGAFVLVL YDEIKKYT
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | D12771 mRNA Translation: BAA02238.1 BC059108 mRNA Translation: AAH59108.1 |
PIRi | I56602 |
RefSeqi | NP_476443.1, NM_057102.1 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENSRNOT00000015085; ENSRNOP00000015913; ENSRNOG00000039980 |
GeneIDi | 25176 |
KEGGi | rno:25176 |
UCSCi | RGD:620353, rat |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | D12771 mRNA Translation: BAA02238.1 BC059108 mRNA Translation: AAH59108.1 |
PIRi | I56602 |
RefSeqi | NP_476443.1, NM_057102.1 |
3D structure databases
AlphaFoldDBi | Q09073 |
SMRi | Q09073 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 247232, 6 interactors |
CORUMi | Q09073 |
IntActi | Q09073, 5 interactors |
MINTi | Q09073 |
STRINGi | 10116.ENSRNOP00000015913 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | Q09073 |
iPTMneti | Q09073 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | Q09073 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | Q09073 |
PaxDbi | Q09073 |
PRIDEi | Q09073 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENSRNOT00000015085; ENSRNOP00000015913; ENSRNOG00000039980 |
GeneIDi | 25176 |
KEGGi | rno:25176 |
UCSCi | RGD:620353, rat |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 292 |
RGDi | 620353, Slc25a5 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0749, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000154400 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_015166_12_0_1 |
InParanoidi | Q09073 |
OMAi | GYGKWLA |
OrthoDBi | 870903at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | Q09073 |
TreeFami | TF300743 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-RNO-83936, Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:Q09073 |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSRNOG00000039980, Expressed in kidney and 21 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | Q09073, RN |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.50.40.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR002113, ADT_euk_type IPR002067, Mit_carrier IPR018108, Mitochondrial_sb/sol_carrier IPR023395, Mt_carrier_dom_sf |
PANTHERi | PTHR45635, PTHR45635, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00153, Mito_carr, 3 hits |
PRINTSi | PR00927, ADPTRNSLCASE PR00926, MITOCARRIER |
SUPFAMi | SSF103506, SSF103506, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50920, SOLCAR, 3 hits |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | ADT2_RAT | |
Accessioni | Q09073Primary (citable) accession number: Q09073 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | February 1, 1995 |
Last sequence update: | January 23, 2007 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 160 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families