<p>An evidence describes the source of an annotation, e.g. an experiment that has been published in the scientific literature, an orthologous protein, a record from another database, etc.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences">More...</a></p>
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<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli
<p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
Select a section on the left to see content.
<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni
Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
3 Publications
<p>Manually curated information for which there is published experimental evidence.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000269">More...</a></p>
Manual assertion based on experiment ini
The original paper reporting lysine deamination at Lys-5 by LOXL2 has been retracted due to inappropriate manipulation of figure data (PubMed:22483618, PubMed:27392148). However, this modification was confirmed in a subsequent publication (PubMed:27735137).2 Publications
<p>Manually curated information which has been inferred by a curator based on his/her scientific knowledge or on the scientific content of an article.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000305">More...</a></p>
Manual assertion inferred by curator fromi
<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni
nucleosomal DNA binding Source: UniProtKB
<p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p>
<p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p>
<p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p>
Inferred from direct assayi
positive regulation of cell growth Source: UniProtKB
<p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p>
<p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p>
<p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p>
Inferred from mutant phenotypei
telomere organization Source: BHF-UCL
<p>Traceable Author Statement</p>
<p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p>
<p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p>
Traceable author statementi
<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi
R-HSA-1912408, Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation R-HSA-201722, Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex R-HSA-212300, PRC2 methylates histones and DNA R-HSA-2299718, Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes R-HSA-2559580, Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence R-HSA-2559582, Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) R-HSA-427359, SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-427389, ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression R-HSA-427413, NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-5250924, B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-5334118, DNA methylation R-HSA-5578749, Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs R-HSA-5617472, Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis R-HSA-5625886, Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 R-HSA-68616, Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication R-HSA-73728, RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening R-HSA-73772, RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape R-HSA-8936459, RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function R-HSA-8939236, RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs R-HSA-9018519, Estrogen-dependent gene expression R-HSA-912446, Meiotic recombination R-HSA-9616222, Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis R-HSA-9670095, Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere R-HSA-9710421, Defective pyroptosis R-HSA-977225, Amyloid fiber formation R-HSA-983231, Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production
SignaLink: a signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks
<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Histone H3.3
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
<p>Manually validated information which has been imported from another database.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000312">More...</a></p>
Manual assertion inferred from database entriesi
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Organismi
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineagei
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
UP000005640
<p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componentsi: Chromosome 1, Chromosome 17
<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi
<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi
<p>This subsection of the 'Pathology and Biotech' section provides information on the disease(s) associated with genetic variations in a given protein. The information is extracted from the scientific literature and diseases that are also described in the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim">OMIM</a> database are represented with a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/diseases">controlled vocabulary</a> in the following way:<p><a href='/help/involvement_in_disease' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Involvement in diseasei
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN GLM, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT GLM VAL-35.
The gene represented in this entry is involved in disease pathogenesis. H3F3A mutations affecting residues involved in post-translational modifications of histone H3.3 are recurrent in malignant, aggressive gliomas including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) (PubMed:22286061, PubMed:22286216). The mechanism through which mutations lead to tumorigenesis involves altered histones methylation, impaired regulation of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) activity, and aberrant epigenetic regulation of gene expression (PubMed:23539269, PubMed:23539183, PubMed:23603901).5 Publications
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS GLM MET-28; ARG-35 AND VAL-35.
Disease descriptionGliomas are benign or malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells. They comprise astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme that are derived from astrocytes, oligodendrogliomas derived from oligodendrocytes and ependymomas derived from ependymocytes.
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes natural variant(s) of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/variant' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Natural variantiVAR_079021
K → Min GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; somatic mutation; more prevalent in pediatric than adult malignancies; results in reduced allosteric activation of PRC2 causing a global decrease of H3K27me3 levels; has no effect on H3K4me3 or H3K36me3 levels.3 Publications
G → Rin GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples; somatic mutation; also found in osteosarcoma samples; results in global decrease of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels; has no effect on H3K27me3 levels.2 Publications
G → Vin GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples; somatic mutation; affects regulation of gene expression and results in up-regulation of MYCN; results in global decrease of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels; has no effect on H3K27me3 levels.3 Publications
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS GLM MET-28; ARG-35 AND VAL-35.
1
H3F3A and H3F3B mutations affecting residues involved in post-translational modifications of histone H3.3 are implicated in the pathogenesis of some bone and cartilage neoplasms. Mutations have been found with high prevalence in chondroblastoma and giant cell tumors of bone, and with low frequency in osteosarcoma, conventional chondrosarcoma and clear cell chondrosarcoma. Chondroblastoma samples frequently carry a H3F3B mutation affecting residue Lys-37 (H3K36), although H3F3A is mutated in some cases. Most giant cell tumors of bone harbor H3F3A mutations affecting residue Gly-35 (H3G34).1 Publication
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN BONE AND CARTILAGE NEOPLASMS, VARIANTS TRP-35 AND MET-37.
Mutagenesis
Feature key
Position(s)
DescriptionActions
Graphical view
Length
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/pathology%5Fand%5Fbiotech%5Fsection">'Pathology and Biotech'</a> section describes the effect of the experimental mutation of one or more amino acid(s) on the biological properties of the protein.<p><a href='/help/mutagen' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Mutagenesisi
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF 58-136 IN COMPLEX WITH DNJC9 171-249 MUTANT CYS-243; MCM2 61-130 AND HISTONE H4, IDENTIFICATION IN A CO-CHAPERONE COMPLEX WITH DNJC9; MCM2 AND HISTONE H4, INTERACTION WITH DNJC9; ASF1A; MCM2; NASP AND SPT2, MUTAGENESIS OF 106-GLU-ASP-107.
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section indicates that the initiator methionine is cleaved from the mature protein.<p><a href='/help/init_met' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Initiator methioninei
RemovedCurated
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_0000221247
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Symmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT5; alternateBy similarity
<p>Manually curated information which has been propagated from a related experimentally characterized protein.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000250">More...</a></p>
Manual assertion inferred from sequence similarity toi
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
<p>Manually validated information inferred from a combination of experimental and computational evidence.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0007744">More...</a></p>
Manual assertion inferred from combination of experimental and computational evidencei
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: SUCCINYLATION AT LYS-123, DESUSUCCINYLATION.
1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationi
Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.11 Publications
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: CITRULLINATION AT ARG-3; ARG-9; ARG-18 AND ARG-27.
Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters.10 Publications
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Specifically enriched in modifications associated with active chromatin such as methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 and Lys-80. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me), which are linked to gene repression, are underrepresented. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.15 Publications
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin. Phosphorylation on Ser-32 (H3S31ph) is specific to regions bordering centromeres in metaphase chromosomes.18 Publications
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-41, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-28 AND LYS-37, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-4; SER-11; SER-29 AND SER-32, ACETYLATION AT LYS-10 AND LYS-15, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Cited for: ACETYLATION AT LYS-10; LYS-15; LYS-19; LYS-24 AND LYS-28, METHYLATION AT LYS-5; LYS-10; LYS-19; LYS-28; LYS-37; LYS-65; LYS-80 AND LYS-123, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression.1 Publication
Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.1 Publication
Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes (PubMed:29211711). It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation (PubMed:29211711). Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair (PubMed:27436229).2 Publications
Serine ADP-ribosylation constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage (PubMed:29480802). Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac) (PubMed:30257210).2 Publications
Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).1 Publication
Cited for: SEROTONYLATION AT GLN-6, MUTAGENESIS OF GLN-6.
Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (PubMed:32273471). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).By similarity
Manual assertion inferred from sequence similarity toi
Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.1 Publication
<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni
<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stagei
Expressed throughout the cell cycle independently of DNA synthesis.
<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Interacts with HIRA, a chaperone required for its incorporation into nucleosomes.
Interacts with ZMYND11; when trimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3.3K36me3).
Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (PubMed:33857403). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (PubMed:33857403).
Interacts with ASF1A, MCM2, NASP and SPT2 (PubMed:33857403).
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF 58-136 IN COMPLEX WITH DNJC9 171-249 MUTANT CYS-243; MCM2 61-130 AND HISTONE H4, IDENTIFICATION IN A CO-CHAPERONE COMPLEX WITH DNJC9; MCM2 AND HISTONE H4, INTERACTION WITH DNJC9; ASF1A; MCM2; NASP AND SPT2, MUTAGENESIS OF 106-GLU-ASP-107.
Sites
Feature key
Position(s)
DescriptionActions
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Length
<p>This subsection describes interesting single amino acid sites on the sequence that are not defined in any other subsection. This subsection can be displayed in different sections ('Function', 'PTM / Processing', 'Pathology and Biotech') according to its content.<p><a href='/help/site' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sitei
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 20-43 IN COMPLEX WITH ZMYND11.
1
<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsi
<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei
Secondary structure
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/structure%5Fsection">'Structure'</a> section is used to indicate the positions of experimentally determined beta strands within the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/strand' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Beta strandi
<p>Information inferred from a combination of experimental and computational evidence, without manual validation.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000213">More...</a></p>
Automatic assertion inferred from combination of experimental and computational evidencei
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/structure%5Fsection">'Structure'</a> section is used to indicate the positions of experimentally determined helical regions within the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/helix' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Helixi
<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi
Region
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Length
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni
<p>Information which has been generated by the UniProtKB automatic annotation system, without manual validation.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000256">More...</a></p>
Automatic assertion according to sequence analysisi
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini
Specific interaction of trimethylated form at 'Lys-36' (H3.3K36me3) with ZMYND11 is mediated by the encapsulation of Ser-32 residue with a composite pocket formed by the tandem bromo-PWWP domains.1 Publication
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 20-43 IN COMPLEX WITH ZMYND11.
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi
<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)i
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
This entry has 1 described isoform and 6 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated
from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p>
<p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could
have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen
is extremely low.</p>
<p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case
of multiple genes (paralogs).</p>
<p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64)
using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1.
The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard.
</p>
<p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br />
<strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br />
<a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p>
Checksum:i5158ED279E6F9E1C
<p>In eukaryotic reference proteomes, unreviewed entries that are likely to belong to the same gene are computationally mapped, based on gene identifiers from Ensembl, EnsemblGenomes and model organism databases.<p><a href='/help/gene_centric_isoform_mapping' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
Experimental Info
Feature key
Position(s)
DescriptionActions
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Length
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the canonical sequence (displayed by default in the entry) and the different sequence submissions merged in the entry. These various submissions may originate from different sequencing projects, different types of experiments, or different biological samples. Sequence conflicts are usually of unknown origin.<p><a href='/help/conflict' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence conflicti
K → Min GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; somatic mutation; more prevalent in pediatric than adult malignancies; results in reduced allosteric activation of PRC2 causing a global decrease of H3K27me3 levels; has no effect on H3K4me3 or H3K36me3 levels.3 Publications
G → Rin GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples; somatic mutation; also found in osteosarcoma samples; results in global decrease of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels; has no effect on H3K27me3 levels.2 Publications
G → Vin GLM; glioblastoma multiforme samples; somatic mutation; affects regulation of gene expression and results in up-regulation of MYCN; results in global decrease of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels; has no effect on H3K27me3 levels.3 Publications
K → MProbable disease-associated variant found in chondroblastoma and clear cell chondrosarcoma; somatic mutation; also found in a subset of human papillomavirus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas; results in global decrease of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels and increased H3K27me3 levels.3 Publications
<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi
<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/cross%5Freferences%5Fsection">Cross-references</a> section provides links to various web resources that are relevant for a specific protein.<p><a href='/help/web_resource' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Web resourcesi
R-HSA-1912408, Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation R-HSA-201722, Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex R-HSA-212300, PRC2 methylates histones and DNA R-HSA-2299718, Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes R-HSA-2559580, Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence R-HSA-2559582, Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) R-HSA-427359, SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-427389, ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression R-HSA-427413, NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-5250924, B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-5334118, DNA methylation R-HSA-5578749, Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs R-HSA-5617472, Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis R-HSA-5625886, Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 R-HSA-68616, Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication R-HSA-73728, RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening R-HSA-73772, RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape R-HSA-8936459, RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function R-HSA-8939236, RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs R-HSA-9018519, Estrogen-dependent gene expression R-HSA-912446, Meiotic recombination R-HSA-9616222, Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis R-HSA-9670095, Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere R-HSA-9710421, Defective pyroptosis R-HSA-977225, Amyloid fiber formation R-HSA-983231, Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production