UniProtKB - P84227 (H32_BOVIN)
Protein
Histone H3.2
Gene
N/A
Organism
Bos taurus (Bovine)
Status
Functioni
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
GO - Molecular functioni
- DNA binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: InterPro
Keywordsi
Molecular function | DNA-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-BTA-1266695 Interleukin-7 signaling R-BTA-201722 Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex R-BTA-212300 PRC2 methylates histones and DNA R-BTA-2299718 Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes R-BTA-2559580 Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence R-BTA-2559582 Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) R-BTA-3214841 PKMTs methylate histone lysines R-BTA-3214842 HDMs demethylate histones R-BTA-3214847 HATs acetylate histones R-BTA-3214858 RMTs methylate histone arginines R-BTA-3247509 Chromatin modifying enzymes R-BTA-427359 SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-427413 NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-5578749 Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs R-BTA-5625886 Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 R-BTA-73728 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening R-BTA-73772 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape R-BTA-8936459 RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function R-BTA-9018519 Estrogen-dependent gene expression R-BTA-983231 Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Histone H3.2 |
Organismi | Bos taurus (Bovine) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9913 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos |
Proteomesi |
|
Subcellular locationi
Nucleus
Other locations
Nucleus
- nucleus Source: GO_Central
Other locations
- nucleosome Source: UniProtKB-KW
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Chromosome, Nucleosome core, NucleusPTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methioninei | Removed2 Publications | |||
ChainiPRO_0000221257 | 2 – 136 | Histone H3.2Add BLAST | 135 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 3 | Asymmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT6; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 3 | Citrulline; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 4 | Phosphothreonine; by HASPINBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | Allysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 5 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 7 | Phosphothreonine; by PKCBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 9 | Citrulline; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 9 | Symmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT5; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 11 | ADP-ribosylserine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 11 | Phosphoserine; alternate; by AURKB, AURKC, RPS6KA3, RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA51 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 12 | Phosphothreonine; by PKCBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 15 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 15 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 15 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 15 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 15 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 18 | Asymmetric dimethylarginine; by CARM1; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 18 | Citrulline; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-butyryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 19 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-butyryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 24 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 27 | CitrullineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 28 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 29 | ADP-ribosylserine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 29 | Phosphoserine; alternate; by AURKB, AURKC and RPS6KA51 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 38 | N6-methyllysineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 42 | PhosphotyrosineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-methyllysine; by EHMT2; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 57 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 58 | PhosphoserineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 65 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 65 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 80 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 81 | PhosphothreonineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 87 | PhosphoserineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 108 | PhosphothreonineBy similarity | 1 | |
Lipidationi | 111 | S-palmitoyl cysteineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 116 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 116 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 123 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 123 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 123 | N6-glutaryllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 123 | N6-methyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 123 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.By similarity
Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.By similarity
Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters.By similarity
Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.By similarity
Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.By similarity
Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity).By similarity
Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression.By similarity
Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.By similarity
Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.By similarity
Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation.By similarity
Serine ADP-ribosylation constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).By similarity
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, Citrullination, Hydroxylation, Lipoprotein, Methylation, Palmitate, Phosphoprotein, Ubl conjugationProteomic databases
PaxDbi | P84227 |
PRIDEi | P84227 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P84227 |
Expressioni
Developmental stagei
Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSBTAG00000032452 Expressed in 6 organ(s), highest expression level in heart |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity).
By similarityGO - Molecular functioni
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: InterPro
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntActi | P84227, 1 interactor |
STRINGi | 9913.ENSBTAP00000053067 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the histone H3 family.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1745 Eukaryota COG2036 LUCA |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00960000186578 |
HOGENOMi | HOG000155290 |
InParanoidi | P84227 |
KOi | K11253 |
OMAi | FTTQMAR |
OrthoDBi | 1564596at2759 |
TreeFami | TF314241 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.10.20.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009072 Histone-fold IPR007125 Histone_H2A/H2B/H3 IPR000164 Histone_H3/CENP-A |
PANTHERi | PTHR11426 PTHR11426, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00125 Histone, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00622 HISTONEH3 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00428 H3, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47113 SSF47113, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00322 HISTONE_H3_1, 1 hit PS00959 HISTONE_H3_2, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P84227-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MARTKQTARK STGGKAPRKQ LATKAARKSA PATGGVKKPH RYRPGTVALR
60 70 80 90 100
EIRRYQKSTE LLIRKLPFQR LVREIAQDFK TDLRFQSSAV MALQEASEAY
110 120 130
LVGLFEDTNL CAIHAKRVTI MPKDIQLARR IRGERA
Sequence databases
RefSeqi | NP_001160041.1, NM_001166569.1 XP_015318079.1, XM_015462593.1 XP_015318510.1, XM_015463024.1 |
Genome annotation databases
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
RefSeqi | NP_001160041.1, NM_001166569.1 XP_015318079.1, XM_015462593.1 XP_015318510.1, XM_015463024.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P84227 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntActi | P84227, 1 interactor |
STRINGi | 9913.ENSBTAP00000053067 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P84227 |
Proteomic databases
PaxDbi | P84227 |
PRIDEi | P84227 |
Genome annotation databases
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1745 Eukaryota COG2036 LUCA |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00960000186578 |
HOGENOMi | HOG000155290 |
InParanoidi | P84227 |
KOi | K11253 |
OMAi | FTTQMAR |
OrthoDBi | 1564596at2759 |
TreeFami | TF314241 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-BTA-1266695 Interleukin-7 signaling R-BTA-201722 Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex R-BTA-212300 PRC2 methylates histones and DNA R-BTA-2299718 Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes R-BTA-2559580 Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence R-BTA-2559582 Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) R-BTA-3214841 PKMTs methylate histone lysines R-BTA-3214842 HDMs demethylate histones R-BTA-3214847 HATs acetylate histones R-BTA-3214858 RMTs methylate histone arginines R-BTA-3247509 Chromatin modifying enzymes R-BTA-427359 SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-427413 NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-BTA-5578749 Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs R-BTA-5625886 Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 R-BTA-73728 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening R-BTA-73772 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape R-BTA-8936459 RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function R-BTA-9018519 Estrogen-dependent gene expression R-BTA-983231 Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSBTAG00000032452 Expressed in 6 organ(s), highest expression level in heart |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.10.20.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009072 Histone-fold IPR007125 Histone_H2A/H2B/H3 IPR000164 Histone_H3/CENP-A |
PANTHERi | PTHR11426 PTHR11426, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00125 Histone, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00622 HISTONEH3 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00428 H3, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47113 SSF47113, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00322 HISTONE_H3_1, 1 hit PS00959 HISTONE_H3_2, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | H32_BOVIN | |
Accessioni | P84227Primary (citable) accession number: P84227 Secondary accession number(s): P02295 P17320 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 21, 1986 |
Last sequence update: | January 23, 2007 | |
Last modified: | November 13, 2019 | |
This is version 126 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Complete proteome, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families