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UniProtKB - P69451 (LCFA_ECOLI)
Protein
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
Gene
fadD
Organism
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Status
Functioni
Catalyzes the esterification, concomitant with transport, of exogenous long-chain fatty acids into metabolically active CoA thioesters for subsequent degradation or incorporation into phospholipids. Activity is the highest with fatty acid substrates of > 10 carbon atoms (PubMed:15213221).
Is involved in the aerobic beta-oxidative degradation of fatty acids, which allows aerobic growth of E.coli on fatty acids as a sole carbon and energy source (PubMed:12535077).
2 PublicationsMiscellaneous
The enzymatic mechanism is a two-step reaction that proceeds via the intermediate formation of an acyl-adenylate (acyl-AMP) intermediate.1 Publication
Catalytic activityi
- EC:6.2.1.31 PublicationThis reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- This reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
Cofactori
Mg2+1 Publication
pH dependencei
Optimum pH is 7.5-7.8.1 Publication
: fatty acid beta-oxidation Pathwayi
This protein is involved in the pathway fatty acid beta-oxidation, which is part of Lipid metabolism.1 Publication1 PublicationView all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the pathway fatty acid beta-oxidation and in Lipid metabolism.
Regions
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleotide bindingi | 213 – 224 | ATPCuratedAdd BLAST | 12 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
- decanoate-CoA ligase activity Source: RHEA
- fatty acid binding Source: EcoliWiki
- long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity Source: EcoCyc
- oleic acid binding Source: EcoliWiki
GO - Biological processi
- acyl-CoA metabolic process Source: EcoCyc
- fatty acid beta-oxidation Source: EcoCyc
- fatty acid metabolic process Source: EcoliWiki
- fatty acid transport Source: EcoCyc
- lipid metabolic process Source: EcoliWiki
- phospholipid biosynthetic process Source: EcoliWiki
- response to UV Source: EcoCyc
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Ligase |
Biological process | Fatty acid metabolism, Lipid metabolism |
Ligand | ATP-binding, Magnesium, Nucleotide-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | EcoCyc:ACYLCOASYN-MONOMER |
SABIO-RKi | P69451 |
UniPathwayi | UPA00659 |
Protein family/group databases
TCDBi | 4.C.1.1.4, the fatty acid group translocation (fat) family |
Chemistry databases
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000001723 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase (EC:6.2.1.31 Publication)Alternative name(s): Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase Short name: Acyl-CoA synthetase |
Gene namesi | Name:fadD Synonyms:oldD Ordered Locus Names:b1805, JW1794 |
Organismi | Escherichia coli (strain K12) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 83333 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Gammaproteobacteria › Enterobacterales › Enterobacteriaceae › Escherichia › |
Proteomesi |
|
Subcellular locationi
Plasma membrane
- Cell membrane By similarity; Peripheral membrane protein By similarity
Note: Partially membrane-associated.By similarity
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: EcoCyc
Plasma Membrane
- cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane Source: EcoCyc
Other locations
- cytoplasm Source: EcoliWiki
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cell membrane, MembranePathology & Biotechi
Disruption phenotypei
Cells lacking this gene are completely blocked in aerobic growth on fatty acids. The double fadD fadK deletion mutant fails to grow on fatty acids under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions, although fadD mutants grow on fatty acids under anaerobic conditions.1 Publication
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 213 | Y → A: Loss of activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 214 | T → A: 10% of wild-type activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 216 | G → A: Decreases activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 217 | T → A: Decreases activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 219 | G → A: Decreases activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 222 | K → A: Decreases activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 361 | E → A: Loss of activity. 1 Publication | 1 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000193125 | 1 – 561 | Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligaseAdd BLAST | 561 |
Post-translational modificationi
Post-translationally cleaved by OmpT (PubMed:15213221).1 Publication
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P69451 |
PaxDbi | P69451 |
PRIDEi | P69451 |
Expressioni
Inductioni
Well expressed during log and stationary phase aerobic growth but only poorly expressed during anaerobic growth (at protein level); aerobic expression is suppressed by glucose or C8 fatty acids (PubMed:15213221).1 Publication
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Homodimer.
By similarityProtein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4259150, 224 interactors |
IntActi | P69451, 6 interactors |
STRINGi | 511145.b1805 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG0318, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_000022_59_9_6 |
InParanoidi | P69451 |
OMAi | KQSDMKA |
PhylomeDBi | P69451 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.30.300.30, 1 hit 3.40.50.12780, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR025110, AMP-bd_C IPR045851, AMP-bd_C_sf IPR020845, AMP-binding_CS IPR000873, AMP-dep_Synth/Lig IPR042099, ANL_N_sf |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00501, AMP-binding, 1 hit PF13193, AMP-binding_C, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00455, AMP_BINDING, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
P69451-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MKKVWLNRYP ADVPTEINPD RYQSLVDMFE QSVARYADQP AFVNMGEVMT
60 70 80 90 100
FRKLEERSRA FAAYLQQGLG LKKGDRVALM MPNLLQYPVA LFGILRAGMI
110 120 130 140 150
VVNVNPLYTP RELEHQLNDS GASAIVIVSN FAHTLEKVVD KTAVQHVILT
160 170 180 190 200
RMGDQLSTAK GTVVNFVVKY IKRLVPKYHL PDAISFRSAL HNGYRMQYVK
210 220 230 240 250
PELVPEDLAF LQYTGGTTGV AKGAMLTHRN MLANLEQVNA TYGPLLHPGK
260 270 280 290 300
ELVVTALPLY HIFALTINCL LFIELGGQNL LITNPRDIPG LVKELAKYPF
310 320 330 340 350
TAITGVNTLF NALLNNKEFQ QLDFSSLHLS AGGGMPVQQV VAERWVKLTG
360 370 380 390 400
QYLLEGYGLT ECAPLVSVNP YDIDYHSGSI GLPVPSTEAK LVDDDDNEVP
410 420 430 440 450
PGQPGELCVK GPQVMLGYWQ RPDATDEIIK NGWLHTGDIA VMDEEGFLRI
460 470 480 490 500
VDRKKDMILV SGFNVYPNEI EDVVMQHPGV QEVAAVGVPS GSSGEAVKIF
510 520 530 540 550
VVKKDPSLTE ESLVTFCRRQ LTGYKVPKLV EFRDELPKSN VGKILRRELR
560
DEARGKVDNK A
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 34 – 51 | ARYAD…EVMTF → GALRRSTCVCEYGGGNDL in AAA23752 (PubMed:1460045).CuratedAdd BLAST | 18 | |
Sequence conflicti | 468 – 490 | NEIED…VGVPS → TRLKMSSCSMVAYRKSRLLA YLP in AAA23752 (PubMed:1460045).CuratedAdd BLAST | 23 | |
Sequence conflicti | 496 | A → G in AAA23752 (PubMed:1460045).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 555 – 561 | GKVDNKA → QSGQ in AAA23752 (PubMed:1460045).Curated | 7 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X70994 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA50321.1 L02649 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA23752.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC74875.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA15609.1 |
PIRi | E64941, S41589 |
RefSeqi | NP_416319.1, NC_000913.3 WP_000758422.1, NZ_SSZK01000001.1 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC74875; AAC74875; b1805 BAA15609; BAA15609; BAA15609 |
GeneIDi | 66674306 946327 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW1794 eco:b1805 |
PATRICi | fig|511145.12.peg.1881 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X70994 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA50321.1 L02649 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA23752.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC74875.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA15609.1 |
PIRi | E64941, S41589 |
RefSeqi | NP_416319.1, NC_000913.3 WP_000758422.1, NZ_SSZK01000001.1 |
3D structure databases
AlphaFoldDBi | P69451 |
SMRi | P69451 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4259150, 224 interactors |
IntActi | P69451, 6 interactors |
STRINGi | 511145.b1805 |
Chemistry databases
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000001723 |
Protein family/group databases
TCDBi | 4.C.1.1.4, the fatty acid group translocation (fat) family |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P69451 |
PaxDbi | P69451 |
PRIDEi | P69451 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC74875; AAC74875; b1805 BAA15609; BAA15609; BAA15609 |
GeneIDi | 66674306 946327 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW1794 eco:b1805 |
PATRICi | fig|511145.12.peg.1881 |
Organism-specific databases
EchoBASEi | EB1492 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG0318, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_000022_59_9_6 |
InParanoidi | P69451 |
OMAi | KQSDMKA |
PhylomeDBi | P69451 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00659 |
BioCyci | EcoCyc:ACYLCOASYN-MONOMER |
SABIO-RKi | P69451 |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:P69451 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.30.300.30, 1 hit 3.40.50.12780, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR025110, AMP-bd_C IPR045851, AMP-bd_C_sf IPR020845, AMP-binding_CS IPR000873, AMP-dep_Synth/Lig IPR042099, ANL_N_sf |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00501, AMP-binding, 1 hit PF13193, AMP-binding_C, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00455, AMP_BINDING, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | LCFA_ECOLI | |
Accessioni | P69451Primary (citable) accession number: P69451 Secondary accession number(s): P29212 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | March 1, 2005 |
Last sequence update: | March 1, 2005 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 129 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- PATHWAY comments
Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families