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UniProtKB - P63259 (ACTG_RAT)
Protein
Actin, cytoplasmic 2
Gene
Actg1
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Status
Functioni
Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
By similarityMiscellaneous
In vertebrates 3 main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility.
GO - Molecular functioni
- ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
- identical protein binding Source: RGD
- profilin binding Source: RGD
- structural constituent of cytoskeleton Source: RGD
- structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton Source: SynGO
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: RGD
GO - Biological processi
- angiogenesis Source: RGD
- cellular response to interferon-gamma Source: RGD
- morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium Source: RGD
- positive regulation of cell migration Source: RGD
- positive regulation of gene expression Source: RGD
- positive regulation of wound healing Source: RGD
- protein localization to bicellular tight junction Source: RGD
- regulation of focal adhesion assembly Source: RGD
- regulation of stress fiber assembly Source: RGD
- regulation of transepithelial transport Source: RGD
- response to calcium ion Source: RGD
- response to mechanical stimulus Source: RGD
- sarcomere organization Source: RGD
- synaptic vesicle endocytosis Source: RGD
- tight junction assembly Source: RGD
Keywordsi
Ligand | ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-RNO-114608, Platelet degranulation R-RNO-190873, Gap junction degradation R-RNO-196025, Formation of annular gap junctions R-RNO-2029482, Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation R-RNO-3928662, EPHB-mediated forward signaling R-RNO-418990, Adherens junctions interactions R-RNO-437239, Recycling pathway of L1 R-RNO-4420097, VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway R-RNO-445095, Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins R-RNO-446353, Cell-extracellular matrix interactions R-RNO-5626467, RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs R-RNO-5663213, RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs R-RNO-5663220, RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-RNO-5674135, MAP2K and MAPK activation R-RNO-8856828, Clathrin-mediated endocytosis R-RNO-9013418, RHOBTB2 GTPase cycle |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Actin, cytoplasmic 2Alternative name(s): Gamma-actin Cleaved into the following chain: |
Gene namesi | Name:Actg1 Synonyms:Actg |
Organismi | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 10116 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Myomorpha › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
RGDi | 1304556, Actg1 |
Subcellular locationi
Cytoskeleton
- cytoskeleton By similarity
Cytoskeleton
- actin cytoskeleton Source: RGD
- actin filament Source: RGD
- cytoskeleton Source: AgBase
- filamentous actin Source: RGD
- postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton Source: SynGO
- presynaptic actin cytoskeleton Source: SynGO
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: Reactome
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular exosome Source: RGD
Plasma Membrane
- plasma membrane Source: AgBase
Other locations
- apical junction complex Source: RGD
- apical part of cell Source: RGD
- basal body patch Source: RGD
- calyx of Held Source: RGD
- cell-cell junction Source: RGD
- dense body Source: AgBase
- focal adhesion Source: AgBase
- myofibril Source: RGD
- phagocytic vesicle Source: RGD
- Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse Source: RGD
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cytoplasm, CytoskeletonPTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000000835 | 1 – 375 | Actin, cytoplasmic 2Add BLAST | 375 | |
Initiator methioninei | Removed; alternateBy similarity | |||
ChainiPRO_0000367102 | 2 – 375 | Actin, cytoplasmic 2, N-terminally processedAdd BLAST | 374 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 1 | N-acetylmethionineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 2 | N-acetylglutamate; in Actin, cytoplasmic 2, N-terminally processedBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 44 | Methionine (R)-sulfoxideBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 47 | Methionine (R)-sulfoxideBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 73 | Tele-methylhistidineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 84 | N6-methyllysineBy similarity | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Oxidation of Met-44 and Met-47 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promote actin repolymerization.By similarity
Monomethylation at Lys-84 (K84me1) regulates actin-myosin interaction and actomyosin-dependent processes. Demethylation by ALKBH4 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration.By similarity
N-terminal acetylation by NAA80 affects actin filament depolymerization and elongation, including elongation driven by formins. In contrast, filament nucleation by the Arp2/3 complex is not affected.By similarity
Methylated at His-73 by SETD3.By similarity
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, Methylation, OxidationProteomic databases
jPOSTi | P63259 |
PRIDEi | P63259 |
2D gel databases
World-2DPAGEi | 0004:P63259 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | P63259 |
iPTMneti | P63259 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P63259 |
Expressioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSRNOG00000036701, Expressed in frontal cortex and 10 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | P63259, RN |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix. Each actin can bind to 4 others.
Interacts with TWF1, CAPZB, cofilin and profilin.
By similarityGO - Molecular functioni
- identical protein binding Source: RGD
- profilin binding Source: RGD
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: RGD
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 252365, 3 interactors |
CORUMi | P63259 |
IntActi | P63259, 3 interactors |
STRINGi | 10116.ENSRNOP00000051859 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the actin family.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTreei | ENSGT00950000182960 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_027965_0_2_1 |
InParanoidi | P63259 |
OMAi | MIGKESE |
OrthoDBi | 649708at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P63259 |
TreeFami | TF354237 |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004000, Actin IPR020902, Actin/actin-like_CS IPR004001, Actin_CS IPR043129, ATPase_NBD |
PANTHERi | PTHR11937, PTHR11937, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00022, Actin, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00190, ACTIN |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00268, ACTIN, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53067, SSF53067, 2 hits |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00406, ACTINS_1, 1 hit PS00432, ACTINS_2, 1 hit PS01132, ACTINS_ACT_LIKE, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P63259-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MEEEIAALVI DNGSGMCKAG FAGDDAPRAV FPSIVGRPRH QGVMVGMGQK
60 70 80 90 100
DSYVGDEAQS KRGILTLKYP IEHGIVTNWD DMEKIWHHTF YNELRVAPEE
110 120 130 140 150
HPVLLTEAPL NPKANREKMT QIMFETFNTP AMYVAIQAVL SLYASGRTTG
160 170 180 190 200
IVMDSGDGVT HTVPIYEGYA LPHAILRLDL AGRDLTDYLM KILTERGYSF
210 220 230 240 250
TTTAEREIVR DIKEKLCYVA LDFEQEMATA ASSSSLEKSY ELPDGQVITI
260 270 280 290 300
GNERFRCPEA LFQPSFLGME SCGIHETTFN SIMKCDVDIR KDLYANTVLS
310 320 330 340 350
GGTTMYPGIA DRMQKEITAL APSTMKIKII APPERKYSVW IGGSILASLS
360 370
TFQQMWISKQ EYDESGPSIV HRKCF
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X52815 mRNA Translation: CAA36999.1 |
PIRi | A38571, ATRTC S11222 |
RefSeqi | NP_001120921.1, NM_001127449.1 XP_002729242.3, XM_002729196.4 XP_017452655.1, XM_017597166.1 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENSRNOT00000054976; ENSRNOP00000051859; ENSRNOG00000036701 ENSRNOT00000079310; ENSRNOP00000072273; ENSRNOG00000053452 |
GeneIDi | 100361457 287876 |
KEGGi | rno:100361457 rno:287876 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X52815 mRNA Translation: CAA36999.1 |
PIRi | A38571, ATRTC S11222 |
RefSeqi | NP_001120921.1, NM_001127449.1 XP_002729242.3, XM_002729196.4 XP_017452655.1, XM_017597166.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P63259 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 252365, 3 interactors |
CORUMi | P63259 |
IntActi | P63259, 3 interactors |
STRINGi | 10116.ENSRNOP00000051859 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | P63259 |
iPTMneti | P63259 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P63259 |
2D gel databases
World-2DPAGEi | 0004:P63259 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P63259 |
PRIDEi | P63259 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENSRNOT00000054976; ENSRNOP00000051859; ENSRNOG00000036701 ENSRNOT00000079310; ENSRNOP00000072273; ENSRNOG00000053452 |
GeneIDi | 100361457 287876 |
KEGGi | rno:100361457 rno:287876 |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 71 |
RGDi | 1304556, Actg1 |
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTreei | ENSGT00950000182960 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_027965_0_2_1 |
InParanoidi | P63259 |
OMAi | MIGKESE |
OrthoDBi | 649708at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P63259 |
TreeFami | TF354237 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-RNO-114608, Platelet degranulation R-RNO-190873, Gap junction degradation R-RNO-196025, Formation of annular gap junctions R-RNO-2029482, Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation R-RNO-3928662, EPHB-mediated forward signaling R-RNO-418990, Adherens junctions interactions R-RNO-437239, Recycling pathway of L1 R-RNO-4420097, VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway R-RNO-445095, Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins R-RNO-446353, Cell-extracellular matrix interactions R-RNO-5626467, RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs R-RNO-5663213, RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs R-RNO-5663220, RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-RNO-5674135, MAP2K and MAPK activation R-RNO-8856828, Clathrin-mediated endocytosis R-RNO-9013418, RHOBTB2 GTPase cycle |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:P63259 |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSRNOG00000036701, Expressed in frontal cortex and 10 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | P63259, RN |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004000, Actin IPR020902, Actin/actin-like_CS IPR004001, Actin_CS IPR043129, ATPase_NBD |
PANTHERi | PTHR11937, PTHR11937, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00022, Actin, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00190, ACTIN |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00268, ACTIN, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53067, SSF53067, 2 hits |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00406, ACTINS_1, 1 hit PS00432, ACTINS_2, 1 hit PS01132, ACTINS_ACT_LIKE, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | ACTG_RAT | |
Accessioni | P63259Primary (citable) accession number: P63259 Secondary accession number(s): P02571, P14104, P99022 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 21, 1986 |
Last sequence update: | July 21, 1986 | |
Last modified: | February 23, 2022 | |
This is version 148 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families