Skip Header

You are using a version of browser that may not display all the features of this website. Please consider upgrading your browser.

UniProtKB - P63096 (GNAI1_HUMAN)

Entry version 182 (02 Jun 2021)
Sequence version 2 (23 Jan 2007)
Previous versions | rss
Add a publicationFeedback
Protein

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

Gene

GNAI1

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins (PubMed:8774883, PubMed:18434541).

Signaling is mediated via effector proteins, such as adenylate cyclase. Inhibits adenylate cyclase activity, leading to decreased intracellular cAMP levels (By similarity).

The inactive GDP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Required for normal cytokinesis during mitosis (PubMed:17635935).

Required for cortical dynein-dynactin complex recruitment during metaphase (PubMed:22327364).

By similarity4 Publications

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section indicates at which position the protein binds a given metal ion. The nature of the metal is indicated in the 'Description' field.<p><a href='/help/metal' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Metal bindingi47MagnesiumCombined sources2 Publications1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei151GTPCombined sources1
Metal bindingi181MagnesiumCombined sources2 Publications1
Binding sitei326GTP; via amide nitrogenCombined sources1

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes a region in the protein which binds nucleotide phosphates. It always involves more than one amino acid and includes all residues involved in nucleotide-binding.<p><a href='/help/np_bind' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Nucleotide bindingi43 – 48GTPCombined sources1 Publication6
Nucleotide bindingi175 – 181GTPCombined sources7
Nucleotide bindingi200 – 204GTP1 Publication5
Nucleotide bindingi269 – 272GTPCombined sources1 Publication4

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionTransducer
Biological processCell cycle, Cell division, Mitosis, Transport
LigandGTP-binding, Magnesium, Metal-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway Commons web resource for biological pathway data

More...PathwayCommonsi		P63096

Reactome - a knowledgebase of biological pathways and processes

More...Reactomei		R-HSA-112043, PLC beta mediated events
R-HSA-170670, Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-HSA-202040, G-protein activation
R-HSA-392170, ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-400042, Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-418555, G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418594, G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-418597, G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-422356, Regulation of insulin secretion
R-HSA-6814122, Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-9009391, Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
R-HSA-9660821, ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production

SignaLink: a signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks

More...SignaLinki		P63096

SIGNOR Signaling Network Open Resource

More...SIGNORi		P63096

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
Alternative name(s):
Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:GNAI1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome 7

Organism-specific databases

Human Gene Nomenclature Database

More...HGNCi		HGNC:4384, GNAI1

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

More...MIMi		139310, gene

neXtProt; the human protein knowledge platform

More...neXtProti		NX_P63096

Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Database Resources

More...VEuPathDBi		HostDB:ENSG00000127955.15

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Membrane, Nucleus

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Mutagenesis

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/pathology%5Fand%5Fbiotech%5Fsection">'Pathology and Biotech'</a> section describes the effect of the experimental mutation of one or more amino acid(s) on the biological properties of the protein.<p><a href='/help/mutagen' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Mutagenesisi42G → R: Abolishes switch to an activated conformation and dissociation from beta and gamma subunits upon GTP binding. Abolishes interaction with RGS family members. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi116E → L: Enhances interaction (inactive GDP-bound) with RGS14. 2 Publications1
Mutagenesisi147Q → L: Enhances interaction (inactive GDP-bound) with RGS14. 2 Publications1
Mutagenesisi245E → L: Enhances interaction (inactive GDP-bound) with RGS14. 1 Publication1

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET

More...DisGeNETi		2770

Open Targets

More...OpenTargetsi		ENSG00000127955

The Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

More...PharmGKBi		PA172

Miscellaneous databases

Pharos NIH Druggable Genome Knowledgebase

More...Pharosi		P63096, Tbio

Chemistry databases

ChEMBL database of bioactive drug-like small molecules

More...ChEMBLi		CHEMBL4741

Drug and drug target database

More...DrugBanki		DB04315, Guanosine-5'-Diphosphate
DB04444, Tetrafluoroaluminate Ion

Genetic variation databases

BioMuta curated single-nucleotide variation and disease association database

More...BioMutai		GNAI1

Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM)

More...DMDMi		52000964

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section indicates that the initiator methionine is cleaved from the mature protein.<p><a href='/help/init_met' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Initiator methionineiRemoved2 Publications
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00002036712 – 354Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1Add BLAST353

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section specifies the position(s) and the type of covalently attached lipid group(s).<p><a href='/help/lipid' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Lipidationi2N-myristoyl glycine2 Publications1
Lipidationi3S-palmitoyl cysteineBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei178ADP-ribosylarginine; by cholera toxinBy similarity1
Modified residuei204Deamidated glutamine; by Photorhabdus PAU_022301 Publication1
Modified residuei351ADP-ribosylcysteine; by pertussis toxinBy similarity1

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationi

Myristoylation at Gly-2 is required for membrane anchoring before palmitoylation.By similarity
Palmitoylation at Cys-3 varies with membrane lipid composition.By similarity
(Microbial infection) Deamidated at Gln-204 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230, blocking GTP hydrolysis of heterotrimeric GNAQ or GNA11 and G-alphai (GNAI1, GNAI2 or GNAI3) proteins, thereby activating RhoA.1 Publication

Keywords - PTMi

ADP-ribosylation, Lipoprotein, Myristate, Palmitate

Proteomic databases

The CPTAC Assay portal

More...CPTACi		CPTAC-1243
CPTAC-1244

Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics

More...EPDi		P63096

jPOST - Japan Proteome Standard Repository/Database

More...jPOSTi		P63096

MassIVE - Mass Spectrometry Interactive Virtual Environment

More...MassIVEi		P63096

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase

More...MaxQBi		P63096

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P63096

PeptideAtlas

More...PeptideAtlasi		P63096

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P63096

ProteomicsDB: a multi-organism proteome resource

More...ProteomicsDBi		57475 [P63096-1]
5853

PTM databases

iPTMnet integrated resource for PTMs in systems biology context

More...iPTMneti		P63096

Comprehensive resource for the study of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human, mouse and rat.

More...PhosphoSitePlusi		P63096

SwissPalm database of S-palmitoylation events

More...SwissPalmi		P63096

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

Bgee dataBase for Gene Expression Evolution

More...Bgeei		ENSG00000127955, Expressed in corpus callosum and 234 other tissues

ExpressionAtlas, Differential and Baseline Expression

More...ExpressionAtlasi		P63096, baseline and differential

Genevisible search portal to normalized and curated expression data from Genevestigator

More...Genevisiblei		P63096, HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas

More...HPAi		ENSG00000127955, Low tissue specificity

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma.

Part of a spindle orientation complex at least composed of GNAI1, GPSM2 and NUMA1 (PubMed:26766442). The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. Identified in complex with the beta subunit GNB1 and the gamma subunit GNG1 (PubMed:22383884). Identified in complex with the beta subunit GNB1 and the gamma subunit GNG2 (PubMed:18434541). GTP binding causes dissociation of the heterotrimer, liberating the individual subunits so that they can interact with downstream effector proteins (PubMed:22383884).

Interacts (GDP-bound form) with GPSM1; this inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange and GTP binding (By similarity).

Interacts (GDP-bound form) with GPSM2 (via GoLoco domains); this inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange (PubMed:22952234).

Interacts with RGS10; this strongly enhances GTP hydrolysis (PubMed:8774883, PubMed:18434541).

Interacts with RGS1 and RGS16; this strongly enhances GTPase activity (PubMed:18434541).

Interacts with RGS4 (PubMed:18434541).

Interacts with RGS12 (PubMed:18434541).

Interacts (via active GTP- or inactive GDP-bound forms) with RGS14 (via RGS and GoLoco domains) (PubMed:11976690, PubMed:18434541, PubMed:21115486, PubMed:22383884).

Interacts with RGS3, RGS6, RGS7, RGS8, RGS17, RGS18 and RGS20 (in vitro) (PubMed:18434541).

Interacts (GDP-bound form) with RIC8A (via C-terminus) (By similarity).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with NUCB1 (via GBA motif); the interaction leads to activation of GNAI1 (By similarity).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with CCDC88C/DAPLE (via GBA motif); the interaction leads to activation of GNAI1 (PubMed:26126266).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with CCDC8A/GIV (via GBA motif) (PubMed:19211784).

By similarity11 Publications

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsi

Hide details

GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID)

More...BioGRIDi		109032, 107 interactors

CORUM comprehensive resource of mammalian protein complexes

More...CORUMi		P63096

The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource for Functional Sites in Proteins

More...ELMi		P63096

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		P63096, 57 interactors

Molecular INTeraction database

More...MINTi		P63096

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9606.ENSP00000343027

Chemistry databases

BindingDB database of measured binding affinities

More...BindingDBi		P63096

Miscellaneous databases

RNAct, Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms.

More...RNActi		P63096, protein

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

Secondary structure

1354
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P63096

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

Protein Data Bank in Europe - Knowledge Base

More...PDBe-KBi		Search...

Miscellaneous databases

Relative evolutionary importance of amino acids within a protein sequence

More...EvolutionaryTracei		P63096

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/family%5Fand%5Fdomains%5Fsection">Family and Domains</a> section describes the position and type of a domain, which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three-dimensional structure or fold.<p><a href='/help/domain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini32 – 354G-alphaPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST323

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni35 – 48G1 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST14
Regioni173 – 181G2 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation9
Regioni196 – 205G3 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation10
Regioni265 – 272G4 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation8
Regioni324 – 329G5 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation6

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		KOG0082, Eukaryota

Ensembl GeneTree

More...GeneTreei		ENSGT00940000153567

The HOGENOM Database of Homologous Genes from Fully Sequenced Organisms

More...HOGENOMi		CLU_014184_6_0_1

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P63096

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		RIAQTSY

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		754573at2759

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P63096

TreeFam database of animal gene trees

More...TreeFami		TF300673

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database

More...CDDi		cd00066, G-alpha, 1 hit

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		1.10.400.10, 1 hit

Intrinsically Disordered proteins with Extensive Annotations and Literature

More...IDEALi		IID00608

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR001408, Gprotein_alpha_I
IPR001019, Gprotein_alpha_su
IPR011025, GproteinA_insert
IPR027417, P-loop_NTPase

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR10218, PTHR10218, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF00503, G-alpha, 1 hit

Protein Motif fingerprint database; a protein domain database

More...PRINTSi		PR00318, GPROTEINA
PR00441, GPROTEINAI

Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool; a protein domain database

More...SMARTi		View protein in SMART
SM00275, G_alpha, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF47895, SSF47895, 1 hit
SSF52540, SSF52540, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS51882, G_ALPHA, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (2+)i

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 2 <p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section lists the alternative protein sequences (isoforms) that can be generated from the same gene by a single or by the combination of up to four biological events (alternative promoter usage, alternative splicing, alternative initiation and ribosomal frameshifting). Additionally, this section gives relevant information on each alternative protein isoform.<p><a href='/help/alternative_products' target='_top'>More...</a></p> isoformsi produced by alternative splicing. AlignAdd to basket

This entry has 2 described isoforms and 7 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

Isoform 1 (identifier: P63096-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

This isoform has been chosen as the <div> <p><b>What is the canonical sequence?</b><p><a href='/help/canonical_and_isoforms' target='_top'>More...</a></p>canonicali sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV 
        60         70         80         90        100
KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMGR LKIDFGDSAR 
       110        120        130        140        150
ADDARQLFVL AGAAEEGFMT AELAGVIKRL WKDSGVQACF NRSREYQLND 
       160        170        180        190        200
SAAYYLNDLD RIAQPNYIPT QQDVLRTRVK TTGIVETHFT FKDLHFKMFD 
       210        220        230        240        250
VGGQRSERKK WIHCFEGVTA IIFCVALSDY DLVLAEDEEM NRMHESMKLF 
       260        270        280        290        300
DSICNNKWFT DTSIILFLNK KDLFEEKIKK SPLTICYPEY AGSNTYEEAA 
       310        320        330        340        350
AYIQCQFEDL NKRKDTKEIY THFTCATDTK NVQFVFDAVT DVIIKNNLKD 

CGLF
Length:354
Mass (Da):40,361
Last modified:January 23, 2007 - v2
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i9F88311B46E62DE3
GO
Isoform 2 (identifier: P63096-2) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-52: Missing.

Show »
Length:302
Mass (Da):34,775
Checksum:iDA5ED62E61B790A9
GO

<p>In eukaryotic reference proteomes, unreviewed entries that are likely to belong to the same gene are computationally mapped, based on gene identifiers from Ensembl, EnsemblGenomes and model organism databases.<p><a href='/help/gene_centric_isoform_mapping' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi

There are 7 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basket
EntryEntry nameProtein names
Gene namesLengthAnnotation
A0A3B3ITM0A0A3B3ITM0_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
168Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3ITX3A0A3B3ITX3_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
60Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3IUA8A0A3B3IUA8_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
148Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3IRK0A0A3B3IRK0_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
40Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3IS42A0A3B3IS42_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
47Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3ITG4A0A3B3ITG4_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
40Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A3B3IU77A0A3B3IU77_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI1
43Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the canonical sequence (displayed by default in the entry) and the different sequence submissions merged in the entry. These various submissions may originate from different sequencing projects, different types of experiments, or different biological samples. Sequence conflicts are usually of unknown origin.<p><a href='/help/conflict' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence conflicti138A → G in CAB43212 (PubMed:11230166).Curated1
Sequence conflicti219T → A in AAH26326 (PubMed:15489334).Curated1
Sequence conflicti244H → Y in AAV38580 (Ref. 4) Curated1
Sequence conflicti249L → M in AAV38580 (Ref. 4) Curated1
Sequence conflicti288P → Q in AAH26326 (PubMed:15489334).Curated1

Alternative sequence

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes the sequence of naturally occurring alternative protein isoform(s). The changes in the amino acid sequence may be due to alternative splicing, alternative promoter usage, alternative initiation, or ribosomal frameshifting.<p><a href='/help/var_seq' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Alternative sequenceiVSP_0452151 – 52Missing in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST52

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
AF493905 mRNA Translation: AAM12619.1
AF055013 mRNA Translation: AAC09361.1
AL049933 mRNA Translation: CAB43212.2
BT019775 mRNA Translation: AAV38580.1
AK292953 mRNA Translation: BAF85642.1
AK304442 mRNA Translation: BAG65263.1
AC004159 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC080066 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471091 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW77011.1
BC026326 mRNA Translation: AAH26326.1
M20596, M20594, M20595 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA35893.1
M17219 mRNA Translation: AAA52581.1

The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project

More...CCDSi		CCDS5595.1 [P63096-1]
CCDS59061.1 [P63096-2]

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		A28318, RGHUI1

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_001243343.1, NM_001256414.1 [P63096-2]
NP_002060.4, NM_002069.5 [P63096-1]

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl eukaryotic genome annotation project

More...Ensembli		ENST00000351004; ENSP00000343027; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000442586; ENSP00000391439; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000457358; ENSP00000410572; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-2]
ENST00000648098; ENSP00000497717; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648306; ENSP00000497773; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648412; ENSP00000497051; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648476; ENSP00000497179; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648663; ENSP00000497379; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648832; ENSP00000497765; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648877; ENSP00000497760; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648953; ENSP00000496800; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649225; ENSP00000496829; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649267; ENSP00000497315; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649487; ENSP00000498091; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649796; ENSP00000497260; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649855; ENSP00000497754; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		2770

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		hsa:2770

UCSC genome browser

More...UCSCi		uc003uhb.2, human [P63096-1]

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Alternative splicing

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
AF493905 mRNA Translation: AAM12619.1
AF055013 mRNA Translation: AAC09361.1
AL049933 mRNA Translation: CAB43212.2
BT019775 mRNA Translation: AAV38580.1
AK292953 mRNA Translation: BAF85642.1
AK304442 mRNA Translation: BAG65263.1
AC004159 Genomic DNA No translation available.
AC080066 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471091 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW77011.1
BC026326 mRNA Translation: AAH26326.1
M20596, M20594, M20595 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA35893.1
M17219 mRNA Translation: AAA52581.1
CCDSiCCDS5595.1 [P63096-1]
CCDS59061.1 [P63096-2]
PIRiA28318, RGHUI1
RefSeqiNP_001243343.1, NM_001256414.1 [P63096-2]
NP_002060.4, NM_002069.5 [P63096-1]

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:

Protein Data Bank Europe

More...PDBei

Protein Data Bank RCSB

More...RCSB PDBi

Protein Data Bank Japan

More...PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1KJYX-ray2.70A/C30-354[»]
1Y3AX-ray2.50A/B/C/D26-354[»]
2G83X-ray2.80A/B33-345[»]
2GTPX-ray2.55A/B32-354[»]
2IK8X-ray2.71A/C31-354[»]
2OM2X-ray2.20A/C31-354[»]
2XNSX-ray3.41A/B30-354[»]
3ONWX-ray2.38A/B31-354[»]
3QE0X-ray3.00A/B/C33-354[»]
3QI2X-ray2.80A/B31-354[»]
3UMRX-ray2.24A1-354[»]
3UMSX-ray2.60A1-354[»]
4G5QX-ray2.90A/B/C/D25-354[»]
5JS7NMR-A30-354[»]
5JS8NMR-A30-354[»]
5TDHX-ray3.00A/H1-354[»]
6CMOelectron microscopy4.50A1-354[»]
6CRKX-ray2.00A2-354[»]
6DDEelectron microscopy3.50A1-354[»]
6DDFelectron microscopy3.50A1-354[»]
6KPFelectron microscopy2.90A1-354[»]
6KPGelectron microscopy3.00A2-354[»]
6LFMelectron microscopy3.50A2-354[»]
6LFOelectron microscopy3.40A2-354[»]
6LMLelectron microscopy3.90A1-354[»]
6N4Belectron microscopy3.00A1-354[»]
6OMMelectron microscopy3.17A2-354[»]
6OS9electron microscopy3.00A1-354[»]
6OSAelectron microscopy3.00A1-354[»]
6OT0electron microscopy3.90A1-354[»]
6PB0electron microscopy3.00A61-184[»]
6PB1electron microscopy2.80A61-184[»]
6PT0electron microscopy3.20A1-354[»]
6QNOelectron microscopy4.38A1-354[»]
6VU8electron microscopy4.14B2-354[»]
6XBJelectron microscopy3.88A1-354[»]
6XBKelectron microscopy3.24A1-354[»]
6XBLelectron microscopy3.90A1-354[»]
6XBMelectron microscopy3.15A1-354[»]
7JVRelectron microscopy2.80A1-354[»]
7L0Pelectron microscopy4.10A1-354[»]
7L0Qelectron microscopy4.30A1-354[»]
7L0Relectron microscopy4.20A1-354[»]
7L0Selectron microscopy4.50A1-354[»]
SMRiP63096
ModBaseiSearch...
PDBe-KBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGRIDi109032, 107 interactors
CORUMiP63096
ELMiP63096
IntActiP63096, 57 interactors
MINTiP63096
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000343027

Chemistry databases

BindingDBiP63096
ChEMBLiCHEMBL4741
DrugBankiDB04315, Guanosine-5'-Diphosphate
DB04444, Tetrafluoroaluminate Ion

PTM databases

iPTMnetiP63096
PhosphoSitePlusiP63096
SwissPalmiP63096

Genetic variation databases

BioMutaiGNAI1
DMDMi52000964

Proteomic databases

CPTACiCPTAC-1243
CPTAC-1244
EPDiP63096
jPOSTiP63096
MassIVEiP63096
MaxQBiP63096
PaxDbiP63096
PeptideAtlasiP63096
PRIDEiP63096
ProteomicsDBi57475 [P63096-1]
5853

Protocols and materials databases

ABCD curated depository of sequenced antibodies

More...ABCDi		P63096, 2 sequenced antibodies

Antibodypedia a portal for validated antibodies

More...Antibodypediai		15099, 297 antibodies

The DNASU plasmid repository

More...DNASUi		2770

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000351004; ENSP00000343027; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000442586; ENSP00000391439; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000457358; ENSP00000410572; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-2]
ENST00000648098; ENSP00000497717; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648306; ENSP00000497773; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648412; ENSP00000497051; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648476; ENSP00000497179; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648663; ENSP00000497379; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648832; ENSP00000497765; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648877; ENSP00000497760; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000648953; ENSP00000496800; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649225; ENSP00000496829; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649267; ENSP00000497315; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649487; ENSP00000498091; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649796; ENSP00000497260; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
ENST00000649855; ENSP00000497754; ENSG00000127955 [P63096-1]
GeneIDi2770
KEGGihsa:2770
UCSCiuc003uhb.2, human [P63096-1]

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		2770
DisGeNETi2770

GeneCards: human genes, protein and diseases

More...GeneCardsi		GNAI1
HGNCiHGNC:4384, GNAI1
HPAiENSG00000127955, Low tissue specificity
MIMi139310, gene
neXtProtiNX_P63096
OpenTargetsiENSG00000127955
PharmGKBiPA172
VEuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000127955.15

GenAtlas: human gene database

More...GenAtlasi		Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG0082, Eukaryota
GeneTreeiENSGT00940000153567
HOGENOMiCLU_014184_6_0_1
InParanoidiP63096
OMAiRIAQTSY
OrthoDBi754573at2759
PhylomeDBiP63096
TreeFamiTF300673

Enzyme and pathway databases

PathwayCommonsiP63096
ReactomeiR-HSA-112043, PLC beta mediated events
R-HSA-170670, Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-HSA-202040, G-protein activation
R-HSA-392170, ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-400042, Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-418555, G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418594, G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-418597, G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-422356, Regulation of insulin secretion
R-HSA-6814122, Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-9009391, Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
R-HSA-9660821, ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production
SignaLinkiP63096
SIGNORiP63096

Miscellaneous databases

BioGRID ORCS database of CRISPR phenotype screens

More...BioGRID-ORCSi		2770, 4 hits in 990 CRISPR screens

ChiTaRS: a database of human, mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data

More...ChiTaRSi		GNAI1, human
EvolutionaryTraceiP63096

The Gene Wiki collection of pages on human genes and proteins

More...GeneWikii		GNAI1

Database of phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens

More...GenomeRNAii		2770
PharosiP63096, Tbio

Protein Ontology

More...PROi		PR:P63096
RNActiP63096, protein

The Stanford Online Universal Resource for Clones and ESTs

More...SOURCEi		Search...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000127955, Expressed in corpus callosum and 234 other tissues
ExpressionAtlasiP63096, baseline and differential
GenevisibleiP63096, HS

Family and domain databases

CDDicd00066, G-alpha, 1 hit
Gene3Di1.10.400.10, 1 hit
IDEALiIID00608
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR001408, Gprotein_alpha_I
IPR001019, Gprotein_alpha_su
IPR011025, GproteinA_insert
IPR027417, P-loop_NTPase
PANTHERiPTHR10218, PTHR10218, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF00503, G-alpha, 1 hit
PRINTSiPR00318, GPROTEINA
PR00441, GPROTEINAI
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM00275, G_alpha, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF47895, SSF47895, 1 hit
SSF52540, SSF52540, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS51882, G_ALPHA, 1 hit

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiGNAI1_HUMAN
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P63096
Secondary accession number(s): A8KA88
, B4E2V1, C9J3A4, P04898, P11015, P31871, Q5U074, Q8TAN5, Q9UGA4
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 13, 1987
Last sequence update: January 23, 2007
Last modified: June 2, 2021
This is version 182 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Human chromosome 7
    Human chromosome 7: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  2. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  4. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
UniProt is an ELIXIR core data resource
Main funding by: National Institutes of Health

We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018.

Do not show this banner again