Insulin gene enhancer protein ISL-1

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• bHLH transcription factor binding Source: MGI
• chromatin binding Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "ISL1 and BRN3B co-regulate the differentiation of murine retinal ganglion cells."
    Pan L., Deng M., Xie X., Gan L.
    Development 135:1981-1990(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Brn3a and Islet1 act epistatically to regulate the gene expression program of sensory differentiation."
    Dykes I.M., Tempest L., Lee S.I., Turner E.E.
    J Neurosci 31:9789-9799(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: MGI
• DNA binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The LIM/homeodomain protein Islet1 recruits Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stimulates their activities."
    Hao A., Novotny-Diermayr V., Bian W., Lin B., Lim C.P., Jing N., Cao X.
    Mol Biol Cell 16:1569-1583(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: MGI
• estrogen receptor binding Source: MGI
• metal ion binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
• nuclear receptor binding Source: MGI
• promoter-specific chromatin binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.5

    "Isl1 and Pou4f2 form a complex to regulate target genes in developing retinal ganglion cells."
    Li R., Wu F., Ruonala R., Sapkota D., Hu Z., Mu X.
    PLoS ONE 9:E92105-E92105(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, DNA-BINDING, INTERACTION WITH POU3F2; POU4F2 AND POU4F3, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
• RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: MGI
• RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding Source: MGI
• sequence-specific DNA binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.5

    "Isl1 and Pou4f2 form a complex to regulate target genes in developing retinal ganglion cells."
    Li R., Wu F., Ruonala R., Sapkota D., Hu Z., Mu X.
    PLoS ONE 9:E92105-E92105(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, DNA-BINDING, INTERACTION WITH POU3F2; POU4F2 AND POU4F3, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
• sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding Source: MGI

GO - Biological processⁱ

• atrial septum morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe "traditional" genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• axonogenesis Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• axon regeneration Source: Ensembl
• cardiac cell fate determination Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus Source: Ensembl
• endocardial cushion morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• heart development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.3

    "Isl1 identifies a cardiac progenitor population that proliferates prior to differentiation and contributes a majority of cells to the heart."
    Cai C.L., Liang X., Shi Y., Chu P.H., Pfaff S.L., Chen J., Evans S.
    Dev. Cell 5:877-889(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
• heart morphogenesis Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Isl1 is upstream of sonic hedgehog in a pathway required for cardiac morphogenesis."
    Lin L., Bu L., Cai C.L., Zhang X., Evans S.
    Dev Biol 295:756-763(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• innervation Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mesenchymal cell differentiation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Independent requirement for ISL1 in formation of pancreatic mesenchyme and islet cells."
    Ahlgren U., Pfaff S.L., Jessell T.M., Edlund T., Edlund H.
    Nature 385:257-260(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Source: MGI
• negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway Source: MGI
• negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of neuron differentiation Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "A postmitotic role for Isl-class LIM homeodomain proteins in the assignment of visceral spinal motor neuron identity."
    Thaler J.P., Koo S.J., Kania A., Lettieri K., Andrews S., Cox C., Jessell T.M., Pfaff S.L.
    Neuron 41:337-350(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly Source: MGI
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neural crest cell migration Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Isl1 is upstream of sonic hedgehog in a pathway required for cardiac morphogenesis."
    Lin L., Bu L., Cai C.L., Zhang X., Evans S.
    Dev Biol 295:756-763(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron differentiation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "The LIM-homeobox gene Islet-1 is required for the development of restricted forebrain cholinergic neurons."
    Elshatory Y., Gan L.
    J Neurosci 28:3291-3297(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Requirement for LIM homeobox gene Isl1 in motor neuron generation reveals a motor neuron-dependent step in interneuron differentiation."
    Pfaff S.L., Mendelsohn M., Stewart C.L., Edlund T., Jessell T.M.
    Cell 84:309-320(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron fate commitment Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "A postmitotic role for Isl-class LIM homeodomain proteins in the assignment of visceral spinal motor neuron identity."
    Thaler J.P., Koo S.J., Kania A., Lettieri K., Andrews S., Cox C., Jessell T.M., Pfaff S.L.
    Neuron 41:337-350(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• neuron fate specification Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• outflow tract morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• outflow tract septum morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pancreas development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Independent requirement for ISL1 in formation of pancreatic mesenchyme and islet cells."
    Ahlgren U., Pfaff S.L., Jessell T.M., Edlund T., Edlund H.
    Nature 385:257-260(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• peripheral nervous system neuron axonogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• peripheral nervous system neuron development Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Brn3a and Islet1 act epistatically to regulate the gene expression program of sensory differentiation."
    Dykes I.M., Tempest L., Lee S.I., Turner E.E.
    J Neurosci 31:9789-9799(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pharyngeal system development Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pituitary gland development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Formation of Rathke's pouch requires dual induction from the diencephalon."
    Takuma N., Sheng H.Z., Furuta Y., Ward J.M., Sharma K., Hogan B.L., Pfaff S.L., Westphal H., Kimura S., Mahon K.A.
    Development 125:4835-4840(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of angiogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cell differentiation Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.6

    "Two transcription factors, Pou4f2 and Isl1, are sufficient to specify the retinal ganglion cell fate."
    Wu F., Kaczynski T.J., Sethuramanujam S., Li R., Jain V., Slaughter M., Mu X.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112:E1559-E1568(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The LIM/homeodomain protein Islet1 recruits Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stimulates their activities."
    Hao A., Novotny-Diermayr V., Bian W., Lin B., Lim C.P., Jing N., Cao X.
    Mol Biol Cell 16:1569-1583(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of DNA binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The LIM/homeodomain protein Islet1 recruits Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stimulates their activities."
    Hao A., Novotny-Diermayr V., Bian W., Lin B., Lim C.P., Jing N., Cao X.
    Mol Biol Cell 16:1569-1583(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Source: MGI
• positive regulation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of histone acetylation Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Islet-1 may function as an assistant factor for histone acetylation and regulation of cardiac development-related transcription factor Mef2c expression."
    Yu Z., Kong J., Pan B., Sun H., Lv T., Zhu J., Huang G., Tian J.
    PLoS One 8:e77690-e77690(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of insulin secretion Source: MGI
• positive regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-12 production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • Ref.4

    "CIP, a cardiac Isl1-interacting protein, represses cardiomyocyte hypertrophy."
    Huang Z.P., Young Seok H., Zhou B., Chen J., Chen J.F., Tao Y., Pu W.T., Wang D.Z.
    Circ. Res. 110:818-830(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, INTERACTION WITH MLIP.
• positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The LIM/homeodomain protein Islet1 recruits Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stimulates their activities."
    Hao A., Novotny-Diermayr V., Bian W., Lin B., Lim C.P., Jing N., Cao X.
    Mol Biol Cell 16:1569-1583(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Islet-1 gene delivery improves myocardial performance after experimental infarction."
    Barzelay A., Hochhauser E., Entin-Meer M., Chepurko Y., Birk E., Afek A., Barshack I., Pinhas L., Rivo Y., Ben-Shoshan J., Maysel-Auslender S., Keren G., George J.
    Atherosclerosis 223:284-290(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of gene expression Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Islet-to-LMO stoichiometries control the function of transcription complexes that specify motor neuron and V2a interneuron identity."
    Song M.R., Sun Y., Bryson A., Gill G.N., Evans S.M., Pfaff S.L.
    Development 136:2923-2932(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Transcription factor ISL1 is essential for pacemaker development and function."
    Liang X., Zhang Q., Cattaneo P., Zhuang S., Gong X., Spann N.J., Jiang C., Cao X., Zhao X., Zhang X., Bu L., Wang G., Chen H.S., Zhuang T., Yan J., Geng P., Luo L., Banerjee I.

    , Chen Y., Glass C.K., Zambon A.C., Chen J., Sun Y., Evans S.M.
    J Clin Invest 125:3256-3268(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate."
    Kwon C., Qian L., Cheng P., Nigam V., Arnold J., Srivastava D.
    Nat Cell Biol 11:951-957(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: MGI
• regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• retinal ganglion cell axon guidance Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "ISL1 and BRN3B co-regulate the differentiation of murine retinal ganglion cells."
    Pan L., Deng M., Xie X., Gan L.
    Development 135:1981-1990(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• secondary heart field specification Source: MGI
• sensory system development Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sinoatrial node cell development Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Transcription factor ISL1 is essential for pacemaker development and function."
    Liang X., Zhang Q., Cattaneo P., Zhuang S., Gong X., Spann N.J., Jiang C., Cao X., Zhao X., Zhang X., Bu L., Wang G., Chen H.S., Zhuang T., Yan J., Geng P., Luo L., Banerjee I.

    , Chen Y., Glass C.K., Zambon A.C., Chen J., Sun Y., Evans S.M.
    J Clin Invest 125:3256-3268(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Islet-to-LMO stoichiometries control the function of transcription complexes that specify motor neuron and V2a interneuron identity."
    Song M.R., Sun Y., Bryson A., Gill G.N., Evans S.M., Pfaff S.L.
    Development 136:2923-2932(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• spinal cord motor neuron differentiation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Requirement for LIM homeobox gene Isl1 in motor neuron generation reveals a motor neuron-dependent step in interneuron differentiation."
    Pfaff S.L., Mendelsohn M., Stewart C.L., Edlund T., Jessell T.M.
    Cell 84:309-320(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• trigeminal nerve development Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A central role for Islet1 in sensory neuron development linking sensory and spinal gene regulatory programs."
    Sun Y., Dykes I.M., Liang X., Eng S.R., Evans S.M., Turner E.E.
    Nat Neurosci 11:1283-1293(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Beta-catenin directly regulates Islet1 expression in cardiovascular progenitors and is required for multiple aspects of cardiogenesis."
    Lin L., Cui L., Zhou W., Dufort D., Zhang X., Cai C.L., Bu L., Yang L., Martin J., Kemler R., Rosenfeld M.G., Chen J., Evans S.M.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9313-9318(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• visceral motor neuron differentiation Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "A postmitotic role for Isl-class LIM homeodomain proteins in the assignment of visceral spinal motor neuron identity."
    Thaler J.P., Koo S.J., Kania A., Lettieri K., Andrews S., Cox C., Jessell T.M., Pfaff S.L.
    Neuron 41:337-350(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Pathology and Biotech' section describes the in vivo effects caused by ablation of the gene (or one or more transcripts) coding for the protein described in the entry. This includes gene knockout and knockdown, provided experiments have been performed in the context of a whole organism or a specific tissue, and not at the single-cell level.<p><a href='/help/disruption_phenotype' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Disruption phenotypeⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stageⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• bHLH transcription factor binding Source: MGI
• estrogen receptor binding Source: MGI
• nuclear receptor binding Source: MGI
• RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding Source: MGI

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

Compositional bias

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (2)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

        10         20         30         40         50
MGDMGDPPKK KRLISLCVGC GNQIHDQYIL RVSPDLEWHA ACLKCAECNQ 
        60         70         80         90        100
YLDESCTCFV RDGKTYCKRD YIRLYGIKCA KCSIGFSKND FVMRARSKVY 
       110        120        130        140        150
HIECFRCVAC SRQLIPGDEF ALREDGLFCR ADHDVVERAS LGAGDPLSPL 
       160        170        180        190        200
HPARPLQMAA EPISARQPAL RPHVHKQPEK TTRVRTVLNE KQLHTLRTCY 
       210        220        230        240        250
AANPRPDALM KEQLVEMTGL SPRVIRVWFQ NKRCKDKKRS IMMKQLQQQQ 
       260        270        280        290        300
PNDKTNIQGM TGTPMVAASP ERHDGGLQAN PVEVQSYQPP WKVLSDFALQ 
       310        320        330        340 
SDIDQPAFQQ LVNFSEGGPG SNSTGSEVAS MSSQLPDTPN SMVASPIEA  

        10         20         30         40         50
MGDMGDPPKK KRLISLCVGC GNQIHDQYIL RVSPDLEWHA ACLKCAECNQ 
        60         70         80         90        100
YLDESCTCFV RDGKTYCKRD YIRLYGIKCA KCSIGFSKND FVMRARSKVY 
       110        120        130        140        150
HIECFRCVAC SRQLIPGDEF ALREDGLFCR ADHDVVERAS LGAGDPLSPL 
       160        170        180        190        200
HPARPLQMAA EPISARQPAL RPHVHKQPEK TTRVRTVLNE KQLHTLRTCY 
       210        220        230        240        250
AANPRPDALM KEQLVEMTGL SPRVIRVWFQ NKRCKDKKRS IMMKQLQQQQ 
       260        270        280        290        300
PNDKTANPVE VQSYQPPWKV LSDFALQSDI DQPAFQQLVN FSEGGPGSNS 
       310        320 
TGSEVASMSS QLPDTPNSMV ASPIEA                           

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
2. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references