ACTB

Functionⁱ

Actin is a highly conserved protein that polymerizes to produce filaments that form cross-linked networks in the cytoplasm of cells. Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms, both forms playing key functions, such as cell motility and contraction. In addition to their role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, G- and F-actin also localize in the nucleus, and regulate gene transcription and motility and repair of damaged DNA.By similarity

Miscellaneous

In vertebrates 3 main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility.By similarity

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
identical protein binding Source: Ensembl
kinesin binding Source: Ensembl
nitric-oxide synthase binding Source: Ensembl
protein kinase binding Source: Ensembl
structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton Source: Ensembl
Tat protein binding Source: Ensembl

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

cell motility Source: Ensembl
cellular response to cytochalasin B Source: Ensembl
regulation of norepinephrine uptake Source: Ensembl
regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane Source: Ensembl
regulation of transmembrane transporter activity Source: Ensembl

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Ligand	ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Ligand

ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-GGA-190873 Gap junction degradation R-GGA-196025 Formation of annular gap junctions R-GGA-2029482 Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation R-GGA-3928662 EPHB-mediated forward signaling R-GGA-3928665 EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells R-GGA-4420097 VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway R-GGA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-GGA-5626467 RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs R-GGA-5663213 RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs R-GGA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-GGA-5674135 MAP2K and MAPK activation R-GGA-5689603 UCH proteinases R-GGA-5696394 DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER R-GGA-8856828 Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Reactomeⁱ

R-GGA-190873 Gap junction degradation
R-GGA-196025 Formation of annular gap junctions
R-GGA-2029482 Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation
R-GGA-3928662 EPHB-mediated forward signaling
R-GGA-3928665 EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells
R-GGA-4420097 VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
R-GGA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression
R-GGA-5626467 RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs
R-GGA-5663213 RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs
R-GGA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins
R-GGA-5674135 MAP2K and MAPK activation
R-GGA-5689603 UCH proteinases
R-GGA-5696394 DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
R-GGA-8856828 Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Actin, cytoplasmic 1 Alternative name(s): Beta-actin Cleaved into the following chain: Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed
Gene namesⁱ	Name:ACTB
Organismⁱ	Gallus gallus (Chicken)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	9031 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Sauropsida › Sauria › Archelosauria › Archosauria › Dinosauria › Saurischia › Theropoda › Coelurosauria › Aves › Neognathae › Galloanserae › Galliformes › Phasianidae › Phasianinae › Gallus
Proteomesⁱ	UP000000539 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 14

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Nucleus

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
ChainⁱPRO_0000367086	1 – 375	Actin, cytoplasmic 1Add BLAST	375
Initiator methionineⁱ		Removed; alternate1 Publication
ChainⁱPRO_0000000789	2 – 375	Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processedAdd BLAST	374

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Modified residueⁱ	1	N-acetylmethionine; in Actin, cytoplasmic 1; alternateBy similarity	1
Modified residueⁱ	2	N-acetylaspartate; in Actin, cytoplasmic 1, N-terminally processed1 Publication	1
Modified residueⁱ	44	Methionine (R)-sulfoxideBy similarity	1
Modified residueⁱ	47	Methionine (R)-sulfoxideBy similarity	1
Modified residueⁱ	73	Tele-methylhistidineBy similarity	1

Post-translational modificationⁱ

Oxidation of Met-44 and Met-47 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promote actin repolymerization (By similarity).By similarity

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Acetylation, Methylation, Oxidation

Proteomic databases

PRIDEⁱ	P60706

PRIDEⁱ

P60706

Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSGALG00000009621 Expressed in 10 organ(s), highest expression level in spleen
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P60706 baseline and differential

Interactionⁱ

Subunit structureⁱ

Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix (By similarity). Each actin can bind to 4 others (By similarity).By similarity

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

identical protein binding Source: Ensembl
kinesin binding Source: Ensembl
nitric-oxide synthase binding Source: Ensembl
protein kinase binding Source: Ensembl
Tat protein binding Source: Ensembl

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	676771, 2 interactors
Database of interacting proteins More...DIPⁱ	DIP-41284N
IntActⁱ	P60706, 1 interactor
Molecular INTeraction database More...MINTⁱ	P60706

Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P60706
SMRⁱ	P60706
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Belongs to the actin family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG0676 Eukaryota COG5277 LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00760000118957
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000233340
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG003771
InParanoidⁱ	P60706
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K05692
OMAⁱ	YKCDLDI
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G08LD

Family and domain databases

InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR004000 Actin IPR020902 Actin/actin-like_CS IPR004001 Actin_CS
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR11937 PTHR11937, 1 hit
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00022 Actin, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00190 ACTIN
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00268 ACTIN, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00406 ACTINS_1, 1 hit PS00432 ACTINS_2, 1 hit PS01132 ACTINS_ACT_LIKE, 1 hit

Sequenceⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

P60706-1 [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MDDDIAALVV DNGSGMCKAG FAGDDAPRAV FPSIVGRPRH QGVMVGMGQK 
        60         70         80         90        100
DSYVGDEAQS KRGILTLKYP IEHGIVTNWD DMEKIWHHTF YNELRVAPEE 
       110        120        130        140        150
HPVLLTEAPL NPKANREKMT QIMFETFNTP AMYVAIQAVL SLYASGRTTG 
       160        170        180        190        200
IVMDSGDGVT HTVPIYEGYA LPHAILRLDL AGRDLTDYLM KILTERGYSF 
       210        220        230        240        250
TTTAEREIVR DIKEKLCYVA LDFEQEMATA ASSSSLEKSY ELPDGQVITI 
       260        270        280        290        300
GNERFRCPEA LFQPSFLGME SCGIHETTFN SIMKCDVDIR KDLYANTVLS 
       310        320        330        340        350
GGTTMYPGIA DRMQKEITAL APSTMKIKII APPERKYSVW IGGSILASLS 
       360        370 
TFQQMWISKQ EYDESGPSIV HRKCF

Length:375

Mass (Da):41,737

Last modified:April 1, 1988 - v1

Checksum:ⁱ6AFD05CA94E360E2

GO

Experimental Info

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Sequence conflictⁱ	336	K → R in CAA25004 (PubMed:6324080).Curated		1

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	X00182 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25004.1 L08165 mRNA Translation: AAA48615.1
PIRⁱ	A20888 ATCHB
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_990849.1, NM_205518.1
UniGeneⁱ	Gga.48207 Gga.6076

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENSGALT00000015673; ENSGALP00000015657; ENSGALG00000009621
GeneIDⁱ	396526
KEGGⁱ	gga:396526

Similar proteinsⁱ

100% Identity
90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60706	Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	HUMAN		375	UniRef100_P60709
Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	BOVIN		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CANLF		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CAVPO		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CHLAE		375
+94

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60706	Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	HUMAN		375	UniRef90_P60709
Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	BOVIN		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CANLF		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CAVPO		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CHLAE		375
+114

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60706	Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	HUMAN		375	UniRef50_P60709
Actin, cytoplasmic 1	)	BOVIN		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CANLF		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CAVPO		375
Actin, cytoplasmic 1		CHLAE		375
+626

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	X00182 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25004.1 L08165 mRNA Translation: AAA48615.1
PIRⁱ	A20888 ATCHB
RefSeqⁱ	NP_990849.1, NM_205518.1
UniGeneⁱ	Gga.48207 Gga.6076

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations: Protein Data Bank Europe More...PDBeⁱ Protein Data Bank RCSB More...RCSB PDBⁱ Protein Data Bank Japan More...PDBjⁱ Links Updated	PDB entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
	3J0S	electron microscopy	9.00	A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L	2-375	[»]
ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P60706
SMRⁱ	P60706
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	676771, 2 interactors
DIPⁱ	DIP-41284N
IntActⁱ	P60706, 1 interactor
MINTⁱ	P60706

Proteomic databases

PRIDEⁱ	P60706

PRIDEⁱ

P60706

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Structural Biology Knowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENSGALT00000015673; ENSGALP00000015657; ENSGALG00000009621
GeneIDⁱ	396526
KEGGⁱ	gga:396526

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	60

CTDⁱ

60

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG0676 Eukaryota COG5277 LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00760000118957
HOGENOMⁱ	HOG000233340
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG003771
InParanoidⁱ	P60706
KOⁱ	K05692
OMAⁱ	YKCDLDI
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G08LD

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-GGA-190873 Gap junction degradation R-GGA-196025 Formation of annular gap junctions R-GGA-2029482 Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation R-GGA-3928662 EPHB-mediated forward signaling R-GGA-3928665 EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells R-GGA-4420097 VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway R-GGA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-GGA-5626467 RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs R-GGA-5663213 RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs R-GGA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-GGA-5674135 MAP2K and MAPK activation R-GGA-5689603 UCH proteinases R-GGA-5696394 DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER R-GGA-8856828 Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Reactomeⁱ

R-GGA-190873 Gap junction degradation
R-GGA-196025 Formation of annular gap junctions
R-GGA-2029482 Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation
R-GGA-3928662 EPHB-mediated forward signaling
R-GGA-3928665 EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells
R-GGA-4420097 VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
R-GGA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression
R-GGA-5626467 RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs
R-GGA-5663213 RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs
R-GGA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins
R-GGA-5674135 MAP2K and MAPK activation
R-GGA-5689603 UCH proteinases
R-GGA-5696394 DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
R-GGA-8856828 Clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Miscellaneous databases

Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:P60706

PROⁱ

PR:P60706

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSGALG00000009621 Expressed in 10 organ(s), highest expression level in spleen
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P60706 baseline and differential

Family and domain databases

InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR004000 Actin IPR020902 Actin/actin-like_CS IPR004001 Actin_CS
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR11937 PTHR11937, 1 hit
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00022 Actin, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00190 ACTIN
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00268 ACTIN, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00406 ACTINS_1, 1 hit PS00432 ACTINS_2, 1 hit PS01132 ACTINS_ACT_LIKE, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	ACTB_CHICK
Accessionⁱ	P60706Primary (citable) accession number: P60706 Secondary accession number(s): P02570 , P70514, P99021, Q11211, Q64316
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
	Last sequence update:	April 1, 1988
	Last modified:	November 7, 2018
	This is version 120 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program

UniProtKB

UniParc

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Supporting data

UniProtKB - P60706 (ACTB_CHICK)

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Actin, cytoplasmic 1

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<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Miscellaneous

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Cytoskeleton

Nucleus

Cytoskeleton

Nucleus

Plasma Membrane

Other locations

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMi

Proteomic databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

GO - Molecular functioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Experimental Info

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ