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UniProtKB - P60568 (IL2_HUMAN)
Protein
Interleukin-2
Gene
IL2
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells.
GO - Molecular functioni
- carbohydrate binding Source: Ensembl
- cytokine activity Source: MGI
- glycosphingolipid binding Source: Ensembl
- growth factor activity Source: UniProtKB
- interleukin-2 receptor binding Source: MGI
- kappa-type opioid receptor binding Source: Ensembl
- kinase activator activity Source: UniProtKB
GO - Biological processi
- adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
- cell adhesion Source: UniProtKB
- cell-cell signaling Source: UniProtKB
- extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand Source: Ensembl
- gene expression Source: Ensembl
- immune response Source: UniProtKB
- leukocyte activation involved in immune response Source: UniProtKB
- natural killer cell activation Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process Source: MGI
- negative regulation of heart contraction Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation Source: MGI
- positive regulation of B cell proliferation Source: MGI
- positive regulation of cell growth Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of dendritic spine development Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of immunoglobulin production Source: ARUK-UCL
- positive regulation of inflammatory response Source: BHF-UCL
- positive regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of interleukin-17 production Source: BHF-UCL
- positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation Source: ARUK-UCL
- positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of tissue remodeling Source: BHF-UCL
- positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: Ensembl
- positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein Source: BHF-UCL
- protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
- regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation Source: Ensembl
- response to ethanol Source: Ensembl
- T cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Cytokine, Growth factor |
Biological process | Adaptive immunity, Immunity |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | P60568 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-5673001, RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-8877330, RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) R-HSA-9020558, Interleukin-2 signaling R-HSA-912526, Interleukin receptor SHC signaling |
SignaLinki | P60568 |
SIGNORi | P60568 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Interleukin-2Short name: IL-2 Alternative name(s): T-cell growth factor Short name: TCGF INN: Aldesleukin |
Gene namesi | Name:IL2 |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:6001, IL2 |
MIMi | 147680, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P60568 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000109471 |
Subcellular locationi
Extracellular region or secreted
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular region Source: Reactome
- extracellular space Source: UniProtKB
Keywords - Cellular componenti
SecretedPathology & Biotechi
Involvement in diseasei
A chromosomal aberration involving IL2 is found in a form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Translocation t(4;16)(q26;p13) with involves TNFRSF17.1 Publication
Pharmaceutical usei
Available under the name Proleukin (Chiron). Used in patients with renal cell carcinoma or metastatic melanoma.
Keywords - Diseasei
Proto-oncogeneOrganism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 3558 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000109471 |
PharmGKBi | PA195 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P60568, Tchem |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5880 |
DrugBanki | DB03455, (1H-indol-3-yl)-(2-mercapto-ethoxyimino)-acetic acid DB04278, 2-[2-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-guanidino-acetylamino)-acetylamino]-N-(3-mercapto-propyl)-propionamide DB03372, 3-Mercapto-1-(1,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-B-Carbolin-2-Yl)-Propan-1-One DB01327, Cefazolin DB05304, Girentuximab DB05299, keyhole limpet hemocyanin DB03453, Methyl (2S)-2-[[2-[(3R)-1-carbamimidoylpiperidin-3-yl]acetyl]amino]-3-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]propanoate DB02581, N(2)-carbamimidoyl-N-{2-[4-(3-{4-[(5-carboxyfuran-2-yl)methoxy]-2,3-dichlorophenyl}-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}-D-leucinamide DB00852, Pseudoephedrine DB03957, SP2456 DB02555, SP4160 DB06083, Tapinarof DB06584, TG4010 |
DrugCentrali | P60568 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | IL2 |
DMDMi | 45593462 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Signal peptidei | 1 – 20 | 1 PublicationAdd BLAST | 20 | |
ChainiPRO_0000015484 | 21 – 153 | Interleukin-2Add BLAST | 133 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
GlycosylationiCAR_000051 | 23 | O-linked (GalNAc...) threonine2 Publications | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 78 ↔ 125 | 2 Publications |
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bond, GlycoproteinProteomic databases
MassIVEi | P60568 |
PaxDbi | P60568 |
PeptideAtlasi | P60568 |
PRIDEi | P60568 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 225, 6 N-Linked glycans, 2 O-Linked glycans 297, 3 O-Linked glycans (1 site) 298, 2 O-Linked glycans 299, 2 O-Linked glycans 300, 2 N-Linked glycans |
GlyGeni | P60568, 2 sites, 11 N-linked glycans (1 site), 9 O-linked glycans (2 sites) |
iPTMneti | P60568 |
MetOSitei | P60568 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P60568 |
Expressioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000109471, Expressed in small intestine Peyer's patch and 76 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P60568, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P60568, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000109471, Not detected |
Interactioni
Binary interactionsi
GO - Molecular functioni
- cytokine activity Source: MGI
- growth factor activity Source: UniProtKB
- interleukin-2 receptor binding Source: MGI
- kappa-type opioid receptor binding Source: Ensembl
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 109773, 2 interactors |
CORUMi | P60568 |
DIPi | DIP-475N |
IntActi | P60568, 4 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000226730 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P60568 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P60568, protein |
Structurei
Secondary structure
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details3D structure databases
SMRi | P60568 |
ModBasei | Search... |
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Miscellaneous databases
EvolutionaryTracei | P60568 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the IL-2 family.Curated
Keywords - Domaini
SignalPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502RVR5, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00390000003555 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_124210_0_0_1 |
InParanoidi | P60568 |
OMAi | NGVNNYE |
OrthoDBi | 1491449at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P60568 |
TreeFami | TF338200 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.20.1250.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009079, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000779, IL-2 IPR030477, IL-2_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00715, IL2, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00265, INTERLEUKIN2 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00189, IL2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47266, SSF47266, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00424, INTERLEUKIN_2, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P60568-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MYRMQLLSCI ALSLALVTNS APTSSSTKKT QLQLEHLLLD LQMILNGINN
60 70 80 90 100
YKNPKLTRML TFKFYMPKKA TELKHLQCLE EELKPLEEVL NLAQSKNFHL
110 120 130 140 150
RPRDLISNIN VIVLELKGSE TTFMCEYADE TATIVEFLNR WITFCQSIIS
TLT
Sequence cautioni
The sequence AAA59140 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.Curated
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_003967 | 21 | Missing in FT-IL2-A and FT-IL2-B. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_003968 | 22 | Missing in FT-IL2-B. | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X00695 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25292.1 V00564 mRNA Translation: CAA23827.1 X01586 mRNA Translation: CAA25742.1 J00264 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD48509.1 K02056 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA98792.1 S77834 mRNA Translation: AAD14263.2 S82692 mRNA Translation: AAB46883.1 AF359939 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK26665.1 BC066255 mRNA Translation: AAH66255.1 BC066257 mRNA Translation: AAH66257.1 BC070338 mRNA Translation: AAH70338.1 M33199 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59139.1 M13879 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59141.1 M22005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59140.1 Different initiation. |
CCDSi | CCDS3726.1 |
PIRi | A01849, ICHU2 |
RefSeqi | NP_000577.2, NM_000586.3 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000226730; ENSP00000226730; ENSG00000109471 |
GeneIDi | 3558 |
KEGGi | hsa:3558 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000226730.5; ENSP00000226730.5; NM_000586.4; NP_000577.2 |
Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi
Chromosomal rearrangementSimilar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Web resourcesi
Wikipedia Interleukin-2 entry |
SeattleSNPs |
SHMPD The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | X00695 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25292.1 V00564 mRNA Translation: CAA23827.1 X01586 mRNA Translation: CAA25742.1 J00264 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD48509.1 K02056 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA98792.1 S77834 mRNA Translation: AAD14263.2 S82692 mRNA Translation: AAB46883.1 AF359939 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK26665.1 BC066255 mRNA Translation: AAH66255.1 BC066257 mRNA Translation: AAH66257.1 BC070338 mRNA Translation: AAH70338.1 M33199 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59139.1 M13879 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59141.1 M22005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59140.1 Different initiation. |
CCDSi | CCDS3726.1 |
PIRi | A01849, ICHU2 |
RefSeqi | NP_000577.2, NM_000586.3 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
1IRL | NMR | - | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M47 | X-ray | 1.99 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M48 | X-ray | 1.95 | A/B | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M49 | X-ray | 2.00 | A/B | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M4A | X-ray | 2.18 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M4B | X-ray | 2.15 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
1M4C | X-ray | 2.40 | A/B | 21-153 | [»] | |
1NBP | X-ray | 2.20 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
1PW6 | X-ray | 2.60 | A/B | 21-153 | [»] | |
1PY2 | X-ray | 2.80 | A/B/C/D | 21-152 | [»] | |
1QVN | X-ray | 2.70 | A/B/C/D | 21-152 | [»] | |
1Z92 | X-ray | 2.80 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
2B5I | X-ray | 2.30 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
2ERJ | X-ray | 3.00 | D/H | 21-153 | [»] | |
3INK | X-ray | 2.50 | C/D | 21-153 | [»] | |
3QAZ | X-ray | 3.80 | A/D/G/J/M/P/S/V/Y/b/e/h | 21-153 | [»] | |
3QB1 | X-ray | 3.10 | A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H | 21-153 | [»] | |
4NEJ | X-ray | 1.92 | A | 24-153 | [»] | |
4NEM | X-ray | 1.93 | A | 24-153 | [»] | |
5LQB | X-ray | 1.95 | A | 22-153 | [»] | |
5M5E | X-ray | 2.30 | D | 8-153 | [»] | |
5UTZ | X-ray | 2.75 | A/D/E/I | 21-153 | [»] | |
6LX3 | electron microscopy | 3.15 | A/B/C/D | 1-21 | [»] | |
6LXW | electron microscopy | 3.27 | A/B/C/D | 1-21 | [»] | |
6VWU | X-ray | 3.40 | A | 10-21 | [»] | |
A | 90-94 | [»] | ||||
6YE3 | X-ray | 2.89 | C/F/I | 21-153 | [»] | |
7DR4 | X-ray | 2.49 | G/I/J/K | 21-153 | [»] | |
7M2G | X-ray | 1.79 | A | 21-153 | [»] | |
SMRi | P60568 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 109773, 2 interactors |
CORUMi | P60568 |
DIPi | DIP-475N |
IntActi | P60568, 4 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000226730 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P60568 |
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5880 |
DrugBanki | DB03455, (1H-indol-3-yl)-(2-mercapto-ethoxyimino)-acetic acid DB04278, 2-[2-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-guanidino-acetylamino)-acetylamino]-N-(3-mercapto-propyl)-propionamide DB03372, 3-Mercapto-1-(1,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-B-Carbolin-2-Yl)-Propan-1-One DB01327, Cefazolin DB05304, Girentuximab DB05299, keyhole limpet hemocyanin DB03453, Methyl (2S)-2-[[2-[(3R)-1-carbamimidoylpiperidin-3-yl]acetyl]amino]-3-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]propanoate DB02581, N(2)-carbamimidoyl-N-{2-[4-(3-{4-[(5-carboxyfuran-2-yl)methoxy]-2,3-dichlorophenyl}-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}-D-leucinamide DB00852, Pseudoephedrine DB03957, SP2456 DB02555, SP4160 DB06083, Tapinarof DB06584, TG4010 |
DrugCentrali | P60568 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 225, 6 N-Linked glycans, 2 O-Linked glycans 297, 3 O-Linked glycans (1 site) 298, 2 O-Linked glycans 299, 2 O-Linked glycans 300, 2 N-Linked glycans |
GlyGeni | P60568, 2 sites, 11 N-linked glycans (1 site), 9 O-linked glycans (2 sites) |
iPTMneti | P60568 |
MetOSitei | P60568 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P60568 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | IL2 |
DMDMi | 45593462 |
Proteomic databases
MassIVEi | P60568 |
PaxDbi | P60568 |
PeptideAtlasi | P60568 |
PRIDEi | P60568 |
Protocols and materials databases
ABCDi | P60568, 5 sequenced antibodies |
Antibodypediai | 4147, 2098 antibodies from 47 providers |
DNASUi | 3558 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000226730; ENSP00000226730; ENSG00000109471 |
GeneIDi | 3558 |
KEGGi | hsa:3558 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000226730.5; ENSP00000226730.5; NM_000586.4; NP_000577.2 |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 3558 |
DisGeNETi | 3558 |
GeneCardsi | IL2 |
HGNCi | HGNC:6001, IL2 |
HPAi | ENSG00000109471, Not detected |
MIMi | 147680, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P60568 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000109471 |
PharmGKBi | PA195 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000109471 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502RVR5, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00390000003555 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_124210_0_0_1 |
InParanoidi | P60568 |
OMAi | NGVNNYE |
OrthoDBi | 1491449at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P60568 |
TreeFami | TF338200 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | P60568 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-5673001, RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-8877330, RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) R-HSA-9020558, Interleukin-2 signaling R-HSA-912526, Interleukin receptor SHC signaling |
SignaLinki | P60568 |
SIGNORi | P60568 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 3558, 3 hits in 1031 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | IL2, human |
EvolutionaryTracei | P60568 |
GeneWikii | Interleukin_2 |
GenomeRNAii | 3558 |
Pharosi | P60568, Tchem |
PROi | PR:P60568 |
RNActi | P60568, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000109471, Expressed in small intestine Peyer's patch and 76 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P60568, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P60568, HS |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.20.1250.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009079, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000779, IL-2 IPR030477, IL-2_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00715, IL2, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00265, INTERLEUKIN2 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00189, IL2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47266, SSF47266, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00424, INTERLEUKIN_2, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | IL2_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P60568Primary (citable) accession number: P60568 Secondary accession number(s): P01585 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 21, 1986 |
Last sequence update: | July 21, 1986 | |
Last modified: | February 23, 2022 | |
This is version 186 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Pharmaceutical, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 4
Human chromosome 4: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families