IL2

Functionⁱ

Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells.

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

carbohydrate binding Source: Ensembl
cytokine activity
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 10072077
- 1830926
glycosphingolipid binding Source: Ensembl
growth factor activity
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
interleukin-2 receptor binding
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 8262055
kappa-type opioid receptor binding Source: Ensembl
kinase activator activity
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Source: Reactome

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
cell adhesion
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 10929056
cell-cell signaling
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Source: Reactome
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand Source: Ensembl
immune response
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 2342538
interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway Source: Reactome
leukocyte activation involved in immune response
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 16204630
MAPK cascade Source: Reactome
natural killer cell activation
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
negative regulation of apoptotic process
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 9184696
negative regulation of heart contraction Source: Ensembl
negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: Ensembl
negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation Source: Ensembl
negative regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: Ensembl
negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 10072077
- 1830926
positive regulation of B cell proliferation
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 9184696
positive regulation of cell growth
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
positive regulation of cell proliferation
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of dendritic spine development Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of inflammatory response
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred by curatorⁱ
- 16482511
positive regulation of interferon-gamma production Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 16482511
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of tissue remodeling
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred by curatorⁱ
- 16482511
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: Ensembl
positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
Source: BHF-UCL
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 19088061
protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation Source: Reactome
regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation Source: Ensembl
response to ethanol Source: Ensembl
T cell differentiation
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Molecular function	Cytokine, Growth factor
Biological process	Adaptive immunity, Immunity

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-5673001 RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-8877330 RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) R-HSA-9020558 Interleukin-2 signaling R-HSA-912526 Interleukin receptor SHC signaling
SignaLinkⁱ	P60568
SIGNORⁱ	P60568

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Interleukin-2 Short name: IL-2 Alternative name(s): T-cell growth factor Short name: TCGF INN: Aldesleukin
Gene namesⁱ	Name:IL2
Organismⁱ	Homo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Boreoeutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo
Proteomesⁱ	UP000005640 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 4

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000109471.4
Human Gene Nomenclature Database More...HGNCⁱ	HGNC:6001 IL2
MIMⁱ	147680 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_P60568

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Secreted

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Involvement in diseaseⁱ

A chromosomal aberration involving IL2 is found in a form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Translocation t(4;16)(q26;p13) with involves TNFRSF17.1 Publication

Pharmaceutical useⁱ

Available under the name Proleukin (Chiron). Used in patients with renal cell carcinoma or metastatic melanoma.

Keywords - Diseaseⁱ

Proto-oncogene

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET More...DisGeNETⁱ	3558
Open Targets More...OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000109471
PharmGKBⁱ	PA195

Chemistry databases

ChEMBLⁱ	CHEMBL5880
Drug and drug target database More...DrugBankⁱ	DB03455 (1H-indol-3-yl)-(2-mercapto-ethoxyimino)-acetic acid DB04278 2-[2-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-Guanidino-Acetylamino)-Acetylamino]-N-(3-Mercapto-Propyl)-Propionamide DB05676 Apremilast DB05299 keyhole limpet hemocyanin DB00852 Pseudoephedrine DB03957 SP2456 DB02555 SP4160 DB05304 WX-G250

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	IL2
DMDMⁱ	45593462

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Signal peptideⁱ	1 – 20	1 PublicationAdd BLAST		20
ChainⁱPRO_0000015484	21 – 153	Interleukin-2Add BLAST		133

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
GlycosylationⁱCAR_000051	23	O-linked (GalNAc...) threonine2 Publications		1
Disulfide bondⁱ	78 ↔ 125	2 Publications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Disulfide bond, Glycoprotein

Proteomic databases

PaxDbⁱ	P60568
PeptideAtlas More...PeptideAtlasⁱ	P60568
PRIDEⁱ	P60568
ProteomicsDBⁱ	57215

PTM databases

GlyConnectⁱ	225 297 298 299 300
iPTMnetⁱ	P60568
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	P60568
UniCarbKBⁱ	P60568

Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000109471 Expressed in 45 organ(s), highest expression level in small intestine Peyer's patch
CleanExⁱ	HS_IL2
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P60568 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	P60568 HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas More...HPAⁱ	CAB010310

HPAⁱ

CAB010310

Interactionⁱ

Binary interactionsⁱ

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
IL2RA	P01589	3	EBI-12508717,EBI-8614302
IL2RB	P14784	5	EBI-12508717,EBI-2866779

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

cytokine activity
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 10072077
- 1830926
growth factor activity
Source: UniProtKB
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 8476561
interleukin-2 receptor binding
Source: MGI
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 8262055
kappa-type opioid receptor binding Source: Ensembl
Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Source: Reactome

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	109773, 2 interactors
CORUMⁱ	P60568
Database of interacting proteins More...DIPⁱ	DIP-475N
IntActⁱ	P60568, 3 interactors
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000226730

Chemistry databases

BindingDBⁱ

P60568

Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Helixⁱ	25 – 49	Combined sources	25
Helixⁱ	53 – 59	Combined sources	7
Helixⁱ	60 – 62	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	64 – 68	Combined sources	5
Helixⁱ	73 – 76	Combined sources	4
Helixⁱ	77 – 93	Combined sources	17
Turnⁱ	95 – 97	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	98 – 100	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	105 – 117	Combined sources	13
Helixⁱ	120 – 122	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	127 – 132	Combined sources	6
Helixⁱ	134 – 149	Combined sources	16
Turnⁱ	150 – 152	Combined sources	3

Show more details

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P60568
SMRⁱ	P60568
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Miscellaneous databases

EvolutionaryTraceⁱ	P60568

EvolutionaryTraceⁱ

P60568

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Belongs to the IL-2 family.Curated

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Signal

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG410J049 Eukaryota ENOG41119SF LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00390000003555
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG007496
InParanoidⁱ	P60568
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K05429
OMAⁱ	KWITFCQ
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0VTZ
PhylomeDBⁱ	P60568
TreeFamⁱ	TF338200

Family and domain databases

InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR009079 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000779 IL-2 IPR030477 IL-2_CS
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR45426 PTHR45426, 1 hit
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00715 IL2, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00265 INTERLEUKIN2
ProDomⁱ	View protein in ProDom or Entries sharing at least one domain PD003649 Interleukin-2, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00189 IL2, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47266 SSF47266, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00424 INTERLEUKIN_2, 1 hit

Sequenceⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

P60568-1 [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MYRMQLLSCI ALSLALVTNS APTSSSTKKT QLQLEHLLLD LQMILNGINN 
        60         70         80         90        100
YKNPKLTRML TFKFYMPKKA TELKHLQCLE EELKPLEEVL NLAQSKNFHL 
       110        120        130        140        150
RPRDLISNIN VIVLELKGSE TTFMCEYADE TATIVEFLNR WITFCQSIIS 

TLT

Length:153

Mass (Da):17,628

Last modified:July 21, 1986 - v1

Checksum:ⁱ59E2F40F25860F84

GO

Sequence cautionⁱ

The sequence AAA59140 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.Curated

Natural variant

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Natural variantⁱVAR_003967	21	Missing in FT-IL2-A and FT-IL2-B.		1
Natural variantⁱVAR_003968	22	Missing in FT-IL2-B.		1

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	X00695 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25292.1 V00564 mRNA Translation: CAA23827.1 X01586 mRNA Translation: CAA25742.1 J00264 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD48509.1 K02056 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA98792.1 S77834 mRNA Translation: AAD14263.2 S82692 mRNA Translation: AAB46883.1 AF359939 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK26665.1 BC066255 mRNA Translation: AAH66255.1 BC066257 mRNA Translation: AAH66257.1 BC070338 mRNA Translation: AAH70338.1 M33199 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59139.1 M13879 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59141.1 M22005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59140.1 Different initiation.
The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project More...CCDSⁱ	CCDS3726.1
PIRⁱ	A01849 ICHU2
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_000577.2, NM_000586.3
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.89679

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000226730; ENSP00000226730; ENSG00000109471
GeneIDⁱ	3558
KEGGⁱ	hsa:3558

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Chromosomal rearrangement

Similar proteinsⁱ

100% Identity
90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60568	Interleukin-2		HYLLA		153	UniRef100_P60568
Interleukin-2		HUMAN		153
Interleukin-2		PANTR		153
Interleukin-2		PONAB		153
Interleukin-2		PANPA		153
+3

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60568	Interleukin-2		HYLLA		153	UniRef90_P60568
Interleukin-2		MACMU		154
Interleukin-2		MACNE		154
Interleukin-2		AOTLE		154
Interleukin-2		AOTNA		154
+36

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P60568	Interleukin-2		HYLLA		153	UniRef50_P60568
Interleukin-2		CERAT		154
Interleukin-2		MACMU		154
Interleukin-2		MACNE		154
Interleukin-2		SAISC		154
+233

Cross-referencesⁱ

Web resourcesⁱ

Wikipedia

Interleukin-2 entry

SeattleSNPs

SHMPD

The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	X00695 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA25292.1 V00564 mRNA Translation: CAA23827.1 X01586 mRNA Translation: CAA25742.1 J00264 Genomic DNA Translation: AAD48509.1 K02056 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA98792.1 S77834 mRNA Translation: AAD14263.2 S82692 mRNA Translation: AAB46883.1 AF359939 Genomic DNA Translation: AAK26665.1 BC066255 mRNA Translation: AAH66255.1 BC066257 mRNA Translation: AAH66257.1 BC070338 mRNA Translation: AAH70338.1 M33199 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59139.1 M13879 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59141.1 M22005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA59140.1 Different initiation.
CCDSⁱ	CCDS3726.1
PIRⁱ	A01849 ICHU2
RefSeqⁱ	NP_000577.2, NM_000586.3
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.89679

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations: Protein Data Bank Europe More...PDBeⁱ Protein Data Bank RCSB More...RCSB PDBⁱ Protein Data Bank Japan More...PDBjⁱ Links Updated	PDB entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
	1ILM	model	-	2	26-153	[»]
	1ILN	model	-	2	26-153	[»]
	1IRL	NMR	-	A	21-153	[»]
	1M47	X-ray	1.99	A	21-153	[»]
	1M48	X-ray	1.95	A/B	21-153	[»]
	1M49	X-ray	2.00	A/B	21-153	[»]
	1M4A	X-ray	2.18	A	21-153	[»]
	1M4B	X-ray	2.15	A	21-153	[»]
	1M4C	X-ray	2.40	A/B	21-153	[»]
	1NBP	X-ray	2.20	A	21-153	[»]
	1PW6	X-ray	2.60	A/B	21-153	[»]
	1PY2	X-ray	2.80	A/B/C/D	21-152	[»]
	1QVN	X-ray	2.70	A/B/C/D	21-152	[»]
	1Z92	X-ray	2.80	A	21-153	[»]
	2B5I	X-ray	2.30	A	21-153	[»]
	2ERJ	X-ray	3.00	D/H	21-153	[»]
	3INK	X-ray	2.50	C/D	21-153	[»]
	3QAZ	X-ray	3.80	A/D/G/J/M/P/S/V/Y/b/e/h	21-153	[»]
	3QB1	X-ray	3.10	A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H	21-153	[»]
	4NEJ	X-ray	1.92	A	24-153	[»]
	4NEM	X-ray	1.93	A	24-153	[»]
	5LQB	X-ray	1.95	A	22-153	[»]
	5M5E	X-ray	2.30	D	8-153	[»]
	5UTZ	X-ray	2.75	A/D/E/I	21-153	[»]
ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P60568
SMRⁱ	P60568
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	109773, 2 interactors
CORUMⁱ	P60568
DIPⁱ	DIP-475N
IntActⁱ	P60568, 3 interactors
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000226730

Chemistry databases

BindingDBⁱ	P60568
ChEMBLⁱ	CHEMBL5880
DrugBankⁱ	DB03455 (1H-indol-3-yl)-(2-mercapto-ethoxyimino)-acetic acid DB04278 2-[2-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-Guanidino-Acetylamino)-Acetylamino]-N-(3-Mercapto-Propyl)-Propionamide DB05676 Apremilast DB05299 keyhole limpet hemocyanin DB00852 Pseudoephedrine DB03957 SP2456 DB02555 SP4160 DB05304 WX-G250

PTM databases

GlyConnectⁱ	225 297 298 299 300
iPTMnetⁱ	P60568
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	P60568
UniCarbKBⁱ	P60568

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	IL2
DMDMⁱ	45593462

Proteomic databases

PaxDbⁱ	P60568
PeptideAtlasⁱ	P60568
PRIDEⁱ	P60568
ProteomicsDBⁱ	57215

Protocols and materials databases

The DNASU plasmid repository More...DNASUⁱ	3558
Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000226730; ENSP00000226730; ENSG00000109471
GeneIDⁱ	3558
KEGGⁱ	hsa:3558

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	3558
DisGeNETⁱ	3558
EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000109471.4
GeneCardsⁱ	IL2
HGNCⁱ	HGNC:6001 IL2
HPAⁱ	CAB010310
MIMⁱ	147680 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_P60568
OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000109471
PharmGKBⁱ	PA195
GenAtlas: human gene database More...GenAtlasⁱ	Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	ENOG410J049 Eukaryota ENOG41119SF LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00390000003555
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG007496
InParanoidⁱ	P60568
KOⁱ	K05429
OMAⁱ	KWITFCQ
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G0VTZ
PhylomeDBⁱ	P60568
TreeFamⁱ	TF338200

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-5673001 RAF/MAP kinase cascade R-HSA-8877330 RUNX1 and FOXP3 control the development of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) R-HSA-9020558 Interleukin-2 signaling R-HSA-912526 Interleukin receptor SHC signaling
SignaLinkⁱ	P60568
SIGNORⁱ	P60568

Miscellaneous databases

ChiTaRSⁱ	IL2 human
EvolutionaryTraceⁱ	P60568
GeneWikiⁱ	Interleukin_2
GenomeRNAiⁱ	3558
Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:P60568
SOURCEⁱ	Search...

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000109471 Expressed in 45 organ(s), highest expression level in small intestine Peyer's patch
CleanExⁱ	HS_IL2
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P60568 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	P60568 HS

Family and domain databases

InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR009079 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000779 IL-2 IPR030477 IL-2_CS
PANTHERⁱ	PTHR45426 PTHR45426, 1 hit
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00715 IL2, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR00265 INTERLEUKIN2
ProDomⁱ	View protein in ProDom or Entries sharing at least one domain PD003649 Interleukin-2, 1 hit
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00189 IL2, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47266 SSF47266, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00424 INTERLEUKIN_2, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	IL2_HUMAN
Accessionⁱ	P60568Primary (citable) accession number: P60568 Secondary accession number(s): P01585
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
	Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
	Last modified:	November 7, 2018
	This is version 167 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program
Disclaimer	Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Direct protein sequencing, Pharmaceutical, Reference proteome

Documents

SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families
Human chromosome 4
Human chromosome 4: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

UniProtKB

UniParc

Help

UniRef

Proteomes

Annotation systems

Supporting data

UniProtKB - P60568 (IL2_HUMAN)

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Interleukin-2

Select a section on the left to see content.

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted

Extracellular region or secreted

Other locations

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Keywords - Diseasei

Organism-specific databases

Chemistry databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMi

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

GO - Molecular functioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Keywords - Domaini

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautioni

Natural variant

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/cross_references_section">Cross-references</a> section provides links to various web resources that are relevant for a specific protein.<p><a href='/help/web_resource' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Web resourcesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

PTM databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

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<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Documents

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Keywords - Diseaseⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Sequence cautionⁱ

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Web resourcesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ