Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• cytokine activity Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Biologically active recombinant rat granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor produced in Escherichia coli."
    Holowachuk E.W., Ruhoff M.S.
    Protein Expr Purif 6:588-596(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding Source: InterPro
• growth factor activity Source: UniProtKB-KW

GO - Biological processⁱ

• cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus Source: RGD
• cellular response to lipopolysaccharide Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Propofol pretreatment attenuates LPS-induced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor production in cultured hepatocytes by suppressing MAPK/ERK activity and NF-kappaB translocation."
    Jawan B., Kao Y.H., Goto S., Pan M.C., Lin Y.C., Hsu L.W., Nakano T., Lai C.Y., Sun C.K., Cheng Y.F., Tai M.H., Eng H.L., Wang C.S., Huang C.J., Lin C.R., Chen C.L.
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 229:362-373(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• dendritic cell differentiation Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Technical Advance: The rat aorta contains resident mononuclear phagocytes with proliferative capacity and proangiogenic properties."
    Zorzi P., Aplin A.C., Smith K.D., Nicosia R.F.
    J Leukoc Biol 88:1051-1059(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Biologically active recombinant rat granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor produced in Escherichia coli."
    Holowachuk E.W., Ruhoff M.S.
    Protein Expr Purif 6:588-596(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• embryonic placenta development Source: RGD
• epithelial cell proliferation Source: RGD <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment improves alveolar epithelial barrier function in alcoholic rat lung."
    Pelaez A., Bechara R.I., Joshi P.C., Brown L.A., Guidot D.M.
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286:L106-11(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• epithelial fluid transport Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment improves alveolar epithelial barrier function in alcoholic rat lung."
    Pelaez A., Bechara R.I., Joshi P.C., Brown L.A., Guidot D.M.
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286:L106-11(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• histamine secretion Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of histamine-production-increasing factor produced by stimulated RBL-2H3 rat basophilic leukemia cells as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor."
    Shiraishi M., Hirasawa N., Mue S., Ohuchi K.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1403:273-280(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• immune response Source: InterPro
• macrophage activation Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Antibody to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor reduces the number of activated tissue macrophages and improves left ventricular function after myocardial infarction in a rat coronary artery ligation model."
    Kellar R.S., Lancaster J.J., Thai H.M., Juneman E., Johnson N.M., Byrne H.G., Stansifer M., Arsanjani R., Baer M., Bebbington C., Flashner M., Yarranton G., Goldman S.
    J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 57:568-574(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• macrophage differentiation Source: RGD
• monocyte differentiation Source: RGD
• myeloid cell differentiation Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• myeloid dendritic cell differentiation Source: RGD
• negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand Source: RGD
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: RGD
• neutrophil differentiation Source: RGD
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: RGD
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: RGD
• positive regulation of interleukin-23 production Source: RGD
• positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation Source: RGD
• positive regulation of macrophage differentiation Source: RGDTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment improves alveolar epithelial barrier function in alcoholic rat lung."
    Pelaez A., Bechara R.I., Joshi P.C., Brown L.A., Guidot D.M.
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286:L106-11(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of podosome assembly Source: RGD
• positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein Source: RGD
• regulation of cell population proliferation Source: RGD
• regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Involvement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in pregnancy-enhanced sleep."
    Kimura M., Inoue S.
    Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 56:337-338(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of gene expression Source: RGD
• response to fluid shear stress Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Hemodynamic forces regulate mural macrophage infiltration in experimental aortic aneurysms."
    Sho E., Sho M., Hoshina K., Kimura H., Nakahashi T.K., Dalman R.L.
    Exp Mol Pathol 76:108-116(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to silicon dioxide Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Cross-talk of the related bioactivity mediators in serum after injection of soluble TNF-alpha receptor on silicosis model of rats."
    Gao H.S., Rong Xue, Peng Ding, Chen N.F., Bing Meng, Zhao H.B., Zhen Yang, Wang S.X.
    Toxicol Ind Health 27:607-616(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• cytokine activity Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Biologically active recombinant rat granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor produced in Escherichia coli."
    Holowachuk E.W., Ruhoff M.S.
    Protein Expr Purif 6:588-596(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding Source: InterPro
• growth factor activity Source: UniProtKB-KW

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

        10         20         30         40         50
MWLQNLLFLG IVVYSFSAPT RSPNPVTRPW KHVDAIKEAL SLLNDMRALE 
        60         70         80         90        100
NEKNEDVDII SNEFSIQRPT CVQTRLKLYK QGLRGNLTKL NGALTMIASH 
       110        120        130        140 
YQTNCPPTPE TDCEIEVTTF EDFIKNLKGF LFDIPFDCWK PVQK       

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families