UniProtKB - P46651 (IL10_CERAT)
Interleukin-10
IL10
Functioni
Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their ability to induce T cell activation (By similarity).
In addition, controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).
By similarityGO - Molecular functioni
- cytokine activity Source: UniProtKB-KW
GO - Biological processi
- immune response Source: InterPro
- negative regulation of B cell proliferation Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of cytokine production Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
- response to glucocorticoid Source: UniProtKB
- response to molecule of bacterial origin Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Cytokine |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Interleukin-10Short name: IL-10 Alternative name(s): Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor Short name: CSIF |
Gene namesi | Name:IL10 |
Organismi | Cercocebus atys (Sooty mangabey) (Cercocebus torquatus atys) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9531 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Cercopithecidae › Cercopithecinae › Cercocebus |
Proteomesi |
|
Subcellular locationi
Extracellular region or secreted
- Secreted By similarity
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular space Source: UniProtKB
Keywords - Cellular componenti
SecretedPTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Signal peptidei | 1 – 18 | Sequence analysisAdd BLAST | 18 | |
ChainiPRO_0000015357 | 19 – 178 | Interleukin-10Add BLAST | 160 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Disulfide bondi | 30 ↔ 126 | By similarity | ||
Disulfide bondi | 80 ↔ 132 | By similarity | ||
Glycosylationi | 134 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagineSequence analysis | 1 |
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bond, GlycoproteinInteractioni
Subunit structurei
Homodimer.
Interacts with IL10RA and IL10RB.
By similarityGO - Molecular functioni
- cytokine activity Source: UniProtKB-KW
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 9531.ENSCATP00000026304 |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
SignalFamily and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.20.1250.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009079, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000098, IL-10 IPR020443, IL-10/19/20/22/24/26_fam IPR020423, IL-10_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00726, IL10, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR01294, INTRLEUKIN10 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00188, IL10, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47266, SSF47266, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00520, INTERLEUKIN_10, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
10 20 30 40 50
MHSSALLCCL VLLTGVRASP GQGTQSENSC TRFPGNLPHM LRDLRDVFSR
60 70 80 90 100
VKTFFQMKDQ LDNILLKESL LEDFKGYLGC QALSEMIQFY LEEVMPQAEN
110 120 130 140 150
HDPDIKEHVN SLGENLKTLR LRLRRCHRFL PCENKSKAVE QVKNAFSKLQ
160 170
EKGVYKAMSE FDIFINYIEA YMTMKIQN
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | L26030 mRNA Translation: AAA99970.1 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | L26030 mRNA Translation: AAA99970.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P46651 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRINGi | 9531.ENSCATP00000026304 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 1.20.1250.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009079, 4_helix_cytokine-like_core IPR000098, IL-10 IPR020443, IL-10/19/20/22/24/26_fam IPR020423, IL-10_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00726, IL10, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR01294, INTRLEUKIN10 |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00188, IL10, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47266, SSF47266, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00520, INTERLEUKIN_10, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | IL10_CERAT | |
Accessioni | P46651Primary (citable) accession number: P46651 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | November 1, 1995 |
Last sequence update: | November 1, 1995 | |
Last modified: | February 23, 2022 | |
This is version 91 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families