Skip Header

You are using a version of browser that may not display all the features of this website. Please consider upgrading your browser.

UniProtKB - P45858 (MMGD_BACSU)

Entry version 139 (07 Apr 2021)
Sequence version 1 (01 Nov 1995)
Previous versions | rss
Add a publicationFeedback
Protein

Citrate/2-methylcitrate synthase

Gene

mmgD

Organism
Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:4 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Involved in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and methylcitric acid cycles (PubMed:28956599). Has both 2-methylcitrate synthase and citrate synthase activities. Catalyzes the condensation of propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to yield 2-methylcitrate (2-MC) and CoA, and the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to yield citrate and CoA (PubMed:8759838, PubMed:28956599). Has 2.3-fold higher activity as a 2-methylcitrate synthase (PubMed:28956599). Catalyzes the formation of either (2S,3R)- or (2R,3S)-2-methylcitrate (PubMed:28956599).2 Publications

Miscellaneous

Bifunctionality as a citrate and 2-methylcitrate synthase is likely important in the mother cell's physiological milieu.1 Publication

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section describes the metabolic pathway(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathway' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathwayi: tricarboxylic acid cycle

This protein is involved in step 1 of the subpathway that synthesizes isocitrate from oxaloacetate.1 Publication
Proteins known to be involved in the 2 steps of the subpathway in this organism are:
  1. Citrate synthase 2 (citZ), Citrate synthase 1 (citA), Citrate/2-methylcitrate synthase (mmgD)
  2. Aconitate hydratase (acnA), Aconitate/2-methylaconitate hydratase (citB)
This subpathway is part of the pathway tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is itself part of Carbohydrate metabolism.
View all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the subpathway that synthesizes isocitrate from oxaloacetate, the pathway tricarboxylic acid cycle and in Carbohydrate metabolism.

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei188SubstrateBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section is used for enzymes and indicates the residues directly involved in catalysis.<p><a href='/help/act_site' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Active sitei223By similarity1
Active sitei262By similarity1
Binding sitei272SubstrateBy similarity1
Active sitei314By similarity1
Binding sitei339SubstrateBy similarity1
Binding sitei358SubstrateBy similarity1

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionTransferase
Biological processSporulation, Tricarboxylic acid cycle

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCyc Collection of Pathway/Genome Databases

More...BioCyci		BSUB:BSU24140-MONOMER

UniPathway: a resource for the exploration and annotation of metabolic pathways

More...UniPathwayi		UPA00223;UER00717

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Citrate/2-methylcitrate synthase1 Publication (EC:2.3.3.-1 Publication, EC:2.3.3.161 Publication)
Alternative name(s):
2-methylcitrate synthaseBy similarity
Short name:
2-MCSBy similarity
Short name:
MCSBy similarity
Citrate synthase1 Publication
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:mmgD1 Publication
Synonyms:yqiO
Ordered Locus Names:BSU24140
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiBacillus subtilis (strain 168)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri224308 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiBacteria › Firmicutes › Bacilli › Bacillales › Bacillaceae › Bacillus ›
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000001570 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00001699301 – 372Citrate/2-methylcitrate synthaseAdd BLAST372

Proteomic databases

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P45858

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P45858

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stagei

Expressed in the mother cell at intermediate stages of sporulation under the control of the sigma-E factor.1 Publication

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section reports the experimentally proven effects of inducers and repressors (usually chemical compounds or environmental factors) on the level of protein (or mRNA) expression (up-regulation, down-regulation, constitutive expression).<p><a href='/help/induction' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Inductioni

Subject to catabolite repression.1 Publication

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		224308.BSU24140

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P45858

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni256 – 260Coenzyme A bindingBy similarity5

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the citrate synthase family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		COG0372, Bacteria

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P45858

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		NEAVMHM

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P45858

Family and domain databases

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		1.10.230.10, 1 hit
1.10.580.10, 1 hit

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR016142, Citrate_synth-like_lrg_a-sub
IPR016143, Citrate_synth-like_sm_a-sub
IPR002020, Citrate_synthase
IPR019810, Citrate_synthase_AS
IPR024176, Citrate_synthase_bac-typ
IPR036969, Citrate_synthase_sf

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR11739, PTHR11739, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF00285, Citrate_synt, 1 hit

PIRSF; a whole-protein classification database

More...PIRSFi		PIRSF001369, Citrate_synth, 1 hit

Protein Motif fingerprint database; a protein domain database

More...PRINTSi		PR00143, CITRTSNTHASE

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF48256, SSF48256, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS00480, CITRATE_SYNTHASE, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequencei

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

P45858-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MEEKQHYSPG LDGVIAAETH ISYLDTQSSQ ILIRGYDLIE LSETKSYLEL 
        60         70         80         90        100
VHLLLEGRLP EESEMETLER KINSASSLPA DHLRLLELLP EDTHPMDGLR 
       110        120        130        140        150
TGLSALAGYD RQIDDRSPSA NKERAYQLLG KMPALTAASY RIINKKEPIL 
       160        170        180        190        200
PLQTLSYSAN FLYMMTGKLP SSLEEQIFDR SLVLYSEHEM PNSTFAARVI 
       210        220        230        240        250
ASTHSDLYGA LTGAVASLKG NLHGGANEAV MYLLLEAKTT SDFEQLLQTK 
       260        270        280        290        300
LKRKEKIMGF GHRVYMKKMD PRALMMKEAL QQLCDKAGDH RLYEMCEAGE 
       310        320        330        340        350
RLMEKEKGLY PNLDYYAAPV YWMLGIPIPL YTPIFFSART SGLCAHVIEQ 
       360        370 
HANNRLFRPR VSYMGPRYQT KS
Length:372
Mass (Da):42,106
Last modified:November 1, 1995 - v1
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i29FD292E27B5F9F7
GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
U29084 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB09616.1
D84432 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA12590.1
AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB14345.1

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		E69658

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_390294.1, NC_000964.3
WP_003230298.1, NZ_JNCM01000036.1

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl bacterial and archaeal genome annotation project

More...EnsemblBacteriai		CAB14345; CAB14345; BSU_24140

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		938665

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		bsu:BSU24140

Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC)

More...PATRICi		fig|224308.179.peg.2628

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
U29084 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB09616.1
D84432 Genomic DNA Translation: BAA12590.1
AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB14345.1
PIRiE69658
RefSeqiNP_390294.1, NC_000964.3
WP_003230298.1, NZ_JNCM01000036.1

3D structure databases

SMRiP45858
ModBaseiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGi224308.BSU24140

Proteomic databases

PaxDbiP45858
PRIDEiP45858

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblBacteriaiCAB14345; CAB14345; BSU_24140
GeneIDi938665
KEGGibsu:BSU24140
PATRICifig|224308.179.peg.2628

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiCOG0372, Bacteria
InParanoidiP45858
OMAiNEAVMHM
PhylomeDBiP45858

Enzyme and pathway databases

UniPathwayiUPA00223;UER00717
BioCyciBSUB:BSU24140-MONOMER

Family and domain databases

Gene3Di1.10.230.10, 1 hit
1.10.580.10, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR016142, Citrate_synth-like_lrg_a-sub
IPR016143, Citrate_synth-like_sm_a-sub
IPR002020, Citrate_synthase
IPR019810, Citrate_synthase_AS
IPR024176, Citrate_synthase_bac-typ
IPR036969, Citrate_synthase_sf
PANTHERiPTHR11739, PTHR11739, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF00285, Citrate_synt, 1 hit
PIRSFiPIRSF001369, Citrate_synth, 1 hit
PRINTSiPR00143, CITRTSNTHASE
SUPFAMiSSF48256, SSF48256, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS00480, CITRATE_SYNTHASE, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiMMGD_BACSU
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P45858
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: November 1, 1995
Last sequence update: November 1, 1995
Last modified: April 7, 2021
This is version 139 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programProkaryotic Protein Annotation Program

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Reference proteome

Documents

  1. PATHWAY comments
    Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways
  2. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
UniProt is an ELIXIR core data resource
Main funding by: National Institutes of Health

We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018.

Do not show this banner again