Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Caution

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• prostaglandin E receptor activity Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Localization of functional prostaglandin E2 receptors EP3 and EP4 in the nuclear envelope."
    Bhattacharya M., Peri K., Ribeiro-da-Silva A., Almazan G., Shichi H., Hou X., Varma D.R., Chemtob S.
    J Biol Chem 274:15719-15724(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
• bone development Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "EP2 and EP4 receptors differentially mediate MAPK pathways underlying anabolic actions of prostaglandin E2 on bone formation in rat calvaria cell cultures."
    Minamizaki T., Yoshiko Y., Kozai K., Aubin J.E., Maeda N.
    Bone 44:1177-1185(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to glucose stimulus Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in the diabetic rat renal medulla."
    Nasrallah R., Landry A., Singh S., Sklepowicz M., Hebert R.L.
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 285:F1068-77(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to interleukin-1 Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Up-regulation of prostaglandin E receptor EP2 and EP4 subtypes in rat synovial tissues with adjuvant arthritis."
    Kurihara Y., Endo H., Akahoshi T., Kondo H.
    Clin Exp Immunol 123:323-330(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to mechanical stimulus Source: UniProtKB
• cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Expression of the prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) receptor subtype EP(4) and its regulation by PGE(2) in osteoblastic cell lines and adult rat bone tissue."
    Weinreb M., Machwate M., Shir N., Abramovitz M., Rodan G.A., Harada S.
    Bone 28:275-281(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• chemokinesis Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Selective regulation of RNK-16 cell matrix metalloproteinases by the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor."
    Zeng L., An S., Goetzl E.J.
    Biochemistry 35:7159-7164(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ductus arteriosus closure Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "In vivo reopening of the neonatal ductus arteriosus by a prostanoid EP4-receptor agonist in the rat."
    Momma K., Toyoshima K., Takeuchi D., Imamura S., Nakanishi T.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 78:117-128(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "EP2 and EP4 receptors differentially mediate MAPK pathways underlying anabolic actions of prostaglandin E2 on bone formation in rat calvaria cell cultures."
    Minamizaki T., Yoshiko Y., Kozai K., Aubin J.E., Maeda N.
    Bone 44:1177-1185(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• female pregnancy Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Characterization of temporal and cell-specific changes in transcripts for prostaglandin E(2) receptors in pseudopregnant rat endometrium."
    Papay K.D., Kennedy T.G.
    Biol Reprod 62:1515-1525(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Expression and regulation of the rat prostaglandin E2 receptor type 4 (EP4) in pregnant cervical tissue."
    Chien E.K., Macgregor C.
    Am J Obstet Gynecol 189:1501-1510(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• immune response Source: RGD
• inflammatory response Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• JNK cascade Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "EP2 and EP4 receptors differentially mediate MAPK pathways underlying anabolic actions of prostaglandin E2 on bone formation in rat calvaria cell cultures."
    Minamizaki T., Yoshiko Y., Kozai K., Aubin J.E., Maeda N.
    Bone 44:1177-1185(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• maternal process involved in parturition Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Hormonal regulation of prostaglandin E2 receptors: localization and expression in rat cervical tissue."
    Hinton A.C., Grigsby P.L., Pitzer B.A., Brockman D.E., Ittenbach R.F., Hinton R.B., Myatt L.
    Reprod Sci 17:136-146(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E (EP) receptor subtypes and sleep: promotion by EP4 and inhibition by EP1/EP2."
    Yoshida Y., Matsumura H., Nakajima T., Mandai M., Urakami T., Kuroda K., Yoneda H.
    Neuroreport 11:2127-2131(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cytokine secretion Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of ductus arteriosus closure Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "In vivo reopening of the neonatal ductus arteriosus by a prostanoid EP4-receptor agonist in the rat."
    Momma K., Toyoshima K., Takeuchi D., Imamura S., Nakanishi T.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 78:117-128(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of endothelin production Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of eosinophil extravasation Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 inhibits indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions through EP3 and EP4 receptors."
    Kunikata T., Tanaka A., Miyazawa T., Kato S., Takeuchi K.
    Dig Dis Sci 47:894-904(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of integrin activation Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 inhibits indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions through EP3 and EP4 receptors."
    Kunikata T., Tanaka A., Miyazawa T., Kato S., Takeuchi K.
    Dig Dis Sci 47:894-904(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of peptide secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 inhibits indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions through EP3 and EP4 receptors."
    Kunikata T., Tanaka A., Miyazawa T., Kato S., Takeuchi K.
    Dig Dis Sci 47:894-904(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of antral ovarian follicle growth Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Role of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes in ovarian follicle growth in the rat in vivo. Correlation with interleukin-8 and neutrophils."
    El-Nefiawy N., Abdel-Hakim K., Kanayama N., Terao T.
    Histol Histopathol 20:825-831(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of bone resorption Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Effects of selective prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist on osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro."
    Tomita M., Li X., Okada Y., Woodiel F.N., Young R.N., Pilbeam C.C., Raisz L.G.
    Bone 30:159-163(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of calcitonin secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin receptor subtypes, EP3C and EP4, mediate the prostaglandin E2-induced cAMP production and sensitization of sensory neurons."
    Southall M.D., Vasko M.R.
    J Biol Chem 276:16083-16091(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin receptor subtypes, EP3C and EP4, mediate the prostaglandin E2-induced cAMP production and sensitization of sensory neurons."
    Southall M.D., Vasko M.R.
    J Biol Chem 276:16083-16091(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cell adhesion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A selective EP4 receptor antagonist abrogates the stimulation of osteoblast recruitment from bone marrow stromal cells by prostaglandin E2 in vivo and in vitro."
    Shamir D., Keila S., Weinreb M.
    Bone 34:157-162(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "EP2 and EP4 receptors differentially mediate MAPK pathways underlying anabolic actions of prostaglandin E2 on bone formation in rat calvaria cell cultures."
    Minamizaki T., Yoshiko Y., Kozai K., Aubin J.E., Maeda N.
    Bone 44:1177-1185(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of chemokinesis Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Selective regulation of RNK-16 cell matrix metalloproteinases by the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor."
    Zeng L., An S., Goetzl E.J.
    Biochemistry 35:7159-7164(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E (EP) receptor subtypes and sleep: promotion by EP4 and inhibition by EP1/EP2."
    Yoshida Y., Matsumura H., Nakajima T., Mandai M., Urakami T., Kuroda K., Yoneda H.
    Neuroreport 11:2127-2131(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cytokine secretion Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 accelerates the healing of gastric ulcers via EP4 receptors."
    Hatazawa R., Tanaka A., Tanigami M., Amagase K., Kato S., Ashida Y., Takeuchi K.
    Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 293:G788-97(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Chronic activation of the prostaglandin receptor EP4 promotes hyaluronan-mediated neointimal formation in the ductus arteriosus."
    Yokoyama U., Minamisawa S., Quan H., Ghatak S., Akaike T., Segi-Nishida E., Iwasaki S., Iwamoto M., Misra S., Tamura K., Hori H., Yokota S., Toole B.P., Sugimoto Y., Ishikawa Y.
    J Clin Invest 116:3026-3034(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of interleukin-10 production Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PGE2 exerts its effect on the LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, ET-1, IL-1alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 via the EP2 and EP4 receptor in rat liver macrophages."
    Treffkorn L., Scheibe R., Maruyama T., Dieter P.
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 74:113-123(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Role of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes in ovarian follicle growth in the rat in vivo. Correlation with interleukin-8 and neutrophils."
    El-Nefiawy N., Abdel-Hakim K., Kanayama N., Terao T.
    Histol Histopathol 20:825-831(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Selective regulation of RNK-16 cell matrix metalloproteinases by the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor."
    Zeng L., An S., Goetzl E.J.
    Biochemistry 35:7159-7164(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of mucus secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "16,16-Dimethyl prostaglandin E2 inhibits indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions through EP3 and EP4 receptors."
    Kunikata T., Tanaka A., Miyazawa T., Kato S., Takeuchi K.
    Dig Dis Sci 47:894-904(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "EP4 agonist inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced mucus secretion in airway epithelial cells."
    Hattori R., Shimizu S., Majima Y., Shimizu T.
    Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 117:51-58(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Role of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes in ovarian follicle growth in the rat in vivo. Correlation with interleukin-8 and neutrophils."
    El-Nefiawy N., Abdel-Hakim K., Kanayama N., Terao T.
    Histol Histopathol 20:825-831(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of ossification Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A selective EP4 receptor antagonist abrogates the stimulation of osteoblast recruitment from bone marrow stromal cells by prostaglandin E2 in vivo and in vitro."
    Shamir D., Keila S., Weinreb M.
    Bone 34:157-162(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Stimulation of EP4 receptor enhanced bone consolidation during distraction osteogenesis."
    Chang F., Mishima H., Ishii T., Yanai T., Akaogi H., Sakai S., Yoshioka T., Ochiai N.
    J Orthop Res 25:221-229(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A selective EP4 receptor antagonist abrogates the stimulation of osteoblast recruitment from bone marrow stromal cells by prostaglandin E2 in vivo and in vitro."
    Shamir D., Keila S., Weinreb M.
    Bone 34:157-162(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of ovarian follicle development Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Role of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes in ovarian follicle growth in the rat in vivo. Correlation with interleukin-8 and neutrophils."
    El-Nefiawy N., Abdel-Hakim K., Kanayama N., Terao T.
    Histol Histopathol 20:825-831(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E2 activates Stat3 in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes: A role in cardiac hypertrophy."
    Frias M.A., Rebsamen M.C., Gerber-Wicht C., Lang U.
    Cardiovasc Res 73:57-65(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Selective regulation of RNK-16 cell matrix metalloproteinases by the EP4 subtype of prostaglandin E2 receptor."
    Zeng L., An S., Goetzl E.J.
    Biochemistry 35:7159-7164(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of renal sodium excretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "MF498 [N-{[4-(5,9-Diethoxy-6-oxo-6,8-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-g]quinolin-7-yl)-3-methylbenzyl]sulfonyl}-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide], a selective E prostanoid receptor 4 antagonist, relieves joint inflammation and pain in rodent models of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis."
    Clark P., Rowland S.E., Denis D., Mathieu M.C., Stocco R., Poirier H., Burch J., Han Y., Audoly L., Therien A.G., Xu D.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 325:425-434(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Chronic activation of the prostaglandin receptor EP4 promotes hyaluronan-mediated neointimal formation in the ductus arteriosus."
    Yokoyama U., Minamisawa S., Quan H., Ghatak S., Akaike T., Segi-Nishida E., Iwasaki S., Iwamoto M., Misra S., Tamura K., Hori H., Yokota S., Toole B.P., Sugimoto Y., Ishikawa Y.
    J Clin Invest 116:3026-3034(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of substance P secretion Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin receptor subtypes, EP3C and EP4, mediate the prostaglandin E2-induced cAMP production and sensitization of sensory neurons."
    Southall M.D., Vasko M.R.
    J Biol Chem 276:16083-16091(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of substance P secretion, neurotransmission Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Activation of EP4 receptors contributes to prostaglandin E2-mediated stimulation of renal sensory nerves."
    Kopp U.C., Cicha M.Z., Nakamura K., Nusing R.M., Smith L.A., Hokfelt T.
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 287:F1269-82(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E2 activates Stat3 in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes: A role in cardiac hypertrophy."
    Frias M.A., Rebsamen M.C., Gerber-Wicht C., Lang U.
    Cardiovasc Res 73:57-65(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of urine volume Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "MF498 [N-{[4-(5,9-Diethoxy-6-oxo-6,8-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-g]quinolin-7-yl)-3-methylbenzyl]sulfonyl}-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide], a selective E prostanoid receptor 4 antagonist, relieves joint inflammation and pain in rodent models of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis."
    Clark P., Rowland S.E., Denis D., Mathieu M.C., Stocco R., Poirier H., Burch J., Han Y., Audoly L., Therien A.G., Xu D.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 325:425-434(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of wound healing Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor-selective agonist facilitates sternal healing after harvesting bilateral internal thoracic arteries in diabetic rats."
    Marui A., Hirose K., Maruyama T., Arai Y., Huang Y., Doi K., Ikeda T., Komeda M.
    J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 131:587-593(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Prostaglandin E (EP) receptor subtypes and sleep: promotion by EP4 and inhibition by EP1/EP2."
    Yoshida Y., Matsumura H., Nakajima T., Mandai M., Urakami T., Kuroda K., Yoneda H.
    Neuroreport 11:2127-2131(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of ossification Source: RGD
• regulation of stress fiber assembly Source: UniProtKB
• response to amino acid Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Effect of rebamipide on prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene expression in rat gastric mucosa."
    Suetsugu H., Ishihara S., Moriyama N., Kazumori H., Adachi K., Fukuda R., Watanabe M., Kinoshita Y.
    J Lab Clin Med 136:50-57(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to drug Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "A functional analysis of EP4 receptor-expressing neurons in mediating the action of prostaglandin E2 within specific nuclei of the brain in response to circulating interleukin-1beta."
    Zhang J., Rivest S.
    J Neurochem 74:2134-2145(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to interleukin-1 Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "A functional analysis of EP4 receptor-expressing neurons in mediating the action of prostaglandin E2 within specific nuclei of the brain in response to circulating interleukin-1beta."
    Zhang J., Rivest S.
    J Neurochem 74:2134-2145(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to lipopolysaccharide Source: RGD
• response to mechanical stimulus Source: RGD
• response to organic cyclic compound Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Hormonal regulation of prostaglandin E2 receptors: localization and expression in rat cervical tissue."
    Hinton A.C., Grigsby P.L., Pitzer B.A., Brockman D.E., Ittenbach R.F., Hinton R.B., Myatt L.
    Reprod Sci 17:136-146(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to progesterone Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Hormonal regulation of prostaglandin E2 receptors: localization and expression in rat cervical tissue."
    Hinton A.C., Grigsby P.L., Pitzer B.A., Brockman D.E., Ittenbach R.F., Hinton R.B., Myatt L.
    Reprod Sci 17:136-146(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to prostaglandin E Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "A functional analysis of EP4 receptor-expressing neurons in mediating the action of prostaglandin E2 within specific nuclei of the brain in response to circulating interleukin-1beta."
    Zhang J., Rivest S.
    J Neurochem 74:2134-2145(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to salt Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Differential regulation of renal prostaglandin receptor mRNAs by dietary salt intake in the rat."
    Jensen B.L., Mann B., Skott O., Kurtz A.
    Kidney Int 56:528-537(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to water-immersion restraint stress Source: RGDInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Effect of rebamipide on prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene expression in rat gastric mucosa."
    Suetsugu H., Ishihara S., Moriyama N., Kazumori H., Adachi K., Fukuda R., Watanabe M., Kinoshita Y.
    J Lab Clin Med 136:50-57(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• T-helper cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Topology

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Chemistry databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Compositional bias

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MSIPGVNASF SSTPERLNSP VTIPAVMFIF GVVGNLVAIV VLCKSRKEQK 
        60         70         80         90        100
ETTFYTLVCG LAVTDLLGTL LVSPVTIATY MKGQWPGDQA LCDYSTFILL 
       110        120        130        140        150
FFGLSGLSII CAMSIERYLA INHAYFYSHY VDKRLAGLTL FAVYASNVLF 
       160        170        180        190        200
CALPNMGLGR SERQYPGTWC FIDWTTNVTA YAAFSYMYAG FSSFLILATV 
       210        220        230        240        250
LCNVLVCGAL LRMLRQFMRR TSLGTEQHHA AAAAAVASVA CRGHAAASPA 
       260        270        280        290        300
LQRLSDFRRR RSFRRIAGAE IQMVILLIAT SLVVLICSIP LVVRVFINQL 
       310        320        330        340        350
YQPSVVKDIS RNPDLQAIRI ASVNPILDPW IYILLRKTVL SKAIEKIKCL 
       360        370        380        390        400
FCRIGGSGRD GSAQHCSESR RTSSAMSGHS RSFLSRELRE ISSTSHTLLY 
       410        420        430        440        450
LPDLTESSLG GKNLLPGTHG MGLTQADTTS LRTLRISETS DSSQGQDSES 
       460        470        480 
VLLVDEVSGS QREEPASKGN SLQVTFPSET LKLSEKCI              

Experimental Info

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
2. 7-transmembrane G-linked receptors
   List of 7-transmembrane G-linked receptor entries