Transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DNA binding Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Calmodulin functions as an activator of Pur alpha binding to single-stranded purine-rich DNA elements (PUR elements)."
    Kuo C.H., Nishikawa E., Ichikawa H., Sadakata T., Niu S.Y., Miki N.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 255:406-411(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Induction of vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription in transforming growth factor beta1-activated myofibroblasts mediated by dynamic interplay between the Pur repressor proteins and Sp1/Smad coactivators."
    Subramanian S.V., Polikandriotis J.A., Kelm R.J. Jr., David J.J., Orosz C.G., Strauch A.R.
    Mol. Biol. Cell 15:4532-4543(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• double-stranded DNA binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Induction of vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription in transforming growth factor beta1-activated myofibroblasts mediated by dynamic interplay between the Pur repressor proteins and Sp1/Smad coactivators."
    Subramanian S.V., Polikandriotis J.A., Kelm R.J. Jr., David J.J., Orosz C.G., Strauch A.R.
    Mol. Biol. Cell 15:4532-4543(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• double-stranded telomeric DNA binding Source: MGI
• purine-rich negative regulatory element binding Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA binding Source: InterPro
• RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• single-stranded DNA binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• SMAD binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Induction of vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription in transforming growth factor beta1-activated myofibroblasts mediated by dynamic interplay between the Pur repressor proteins and Sp1/Smad coactivators."
    Subramanian S.V., Polikandriotis J.A., Kelm R.J. Jr., David J.J., Orosz C.G., Strauch A.R.
    Mol. Biol. Cell 15:4532-4543(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.4

    "Molecular interactions between single-stranded DNA-binding proteins associated with an essential MCAT element in the mouse smooth muscle alpha-actin promoter."
    Kelm R.J. Jr., Cogan J.G., Elder P.K., Strauch A.R., Getz M.J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 274:14238-14245(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: SUBUNIT.
  • "Association of Pur alpha and E2F-1 suppresses transcriptional activity of E2F-1."
    Darbinian N., Gallia G.L., Kundu M., Shcherbik N., Tretiakova A., Giordano A., Khalili K.
    Oncogene 18:6398-6402(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• translation repressor activity, mRNA regulatory element binding Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB <p>Non-traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for statements in the abstract, introduction or discussion of a paper that cannot be traced back to another publication.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#nas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Non-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell differentiation Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell population proliferation Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• dendritic transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex Source: SynGOInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Kinesin transports RNA: isolation and characterization of an RNA-transporting granule."
    Kanai Y., Dohmae N., Hirokawa N.
    Neuron 43:513-525(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication Source: MGI
• epithelial cell proliferation Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Puralpha is essential for postnatal brain development and developmentally coupled cellular proliferation as revealed by genetic inactivation in the mouse."
    Khalili K., Del Valle L., Muralidharan V., Gault W.J., Darbinian N., Otte J., Meier E., Johnson E.M., Daniel D.C., Kinoshita Y., Amini S., Gordon J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:6857-6875(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• lymphocyte proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Puralpha is essential for postnatal brain development and developmentally coupled cellular proliferation as revealed by genetic inactivation in the mouse."
    Khalili K., Del Valle L., Muralidharan V., Gault W.J., Darbinian N., Otte J., Meier E., Johnson E.M., Daniel D.C., Kinoshita Y., Amini S., Gordon J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:6857-6875(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mitotic cell cycle checkpoint Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Association of Pur alpha and E2F-1 suppresses transcriptional activity of E2F-1."
    Darbinian N., Gallia G.L., Kundu M., Shcherbik N., Tretiakova A., Giordano A., Khalili K.
    Oncogene 18:6398-6402(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins PURalpha and PURbeta bind to a purine-rich negative regulatory element of the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene and control transcriptional and translational regulation of the gene expression. Implications in the repression of alpha-myosin heavy chain during heart failure."
    Gupta M., Sueblinvong V., Raman J., Jeevanandam V., Gupta M.P.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:44935-44948(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• nervous system development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Puralpha is essential for postnatal brain development and developmentally coupled cellular proliferation as revealed by genetic inactivation in the mouse."
    Khalili K., Del Valle L., Muralidharan V., Gault W.J., Darbinian N., Otte J., Meier E., Johnson E.M., Daniel D.C., Kinoshita Y., Amini S., Gordon J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:6857-6875(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Puralpha is essential for postnatal brain development and developmentally coupled cellular proliferation as revealed by genetic inactivation in the mouse."
    Khalili K., Del Valle L., Muralidharan V., Gault W.J., Darbinian N., Otte J., Meier E., Johnson E.M., Daniel D.C., Kinoshita Y., Amini S., Gordon J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:6857-6875(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

2D gel databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• SMAD binding Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Induction of vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription in transforming growth factor beta1-activated myofibroblasts mediated by dynamic interplay between the Pur repressor proteins and Sp1/Smad coactivators."
    Subramanian S.V., Polikandriotis J.A., Kelm R.J. Jr., David J.J., Orosz C.G., Strauch A.R.
    Mol. Biol. Cell 15:4532-4543(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • Ref.4

    "Molecular interactions between single-stranded DNA-binding proteins associated with an essential MCAT element in the mouse smooth muscle alpha-actin promoter."
    Kelm R.J. Jr., Cogan J.G., Elder P.K., Strauch A.R., Getz M.J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 274:14238-14245(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: SUBUNIT.
  • "Association of Pur alpha and E2F-1 suppresses transcriptional activity of E2F-1."
    Darbinian N., Gallia G.L., Kundu M., Shcherbik N., Tretiakova A., Giordano A., Khalili K.
    Oncogene 18:6398-6402(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Compositional bias

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

        10         20         30         40         50
MADRDSGSEQ GGAALGSGGS LGHPGSGSGS GGGGGGGGGG GGSGGGGGAP 
        60         70         80         90        100
GGLQHETQEL ASKRVDIQNK RFYLDVKQNA KGRFLKIAEV GAGGNKSRLT 
       110        120        130        140        150
LSMSVAVEFR DYLGDFIEHY AQLGPSQPPD LAQAQDEPRR ALKSEFLVRE 
       160        170        180        190        200
NRKYYMDLKE NQRGRFLRIR QTVNRGPGLG STQGQTIALP AQGLIEFRDA 
       210        220        230        240        250
LAKLIDDYGV EEEPAELPEG TSLTVDNKRF FFDVGSNKYG VFMRVSEVKP 
       260        270        280        290        300
TYRNSITVPY KVWAKFGHTF CKYSEEMKKI QEKQREKRAA CEQLHQQQQQ 
       310        320 
QQEETTAATL LLQGEEEGEE D                                

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

2D gel databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
2. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot