Apoptosis regulator ced-9

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• GTPase activator activity Source: WormBase <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CED-9 and mitochondrial homeostasis in C. elegans muscle."
    Tan F.J., Husain M., Manlandro C.M., Koppenol M., Fire A.Z., Hill R.B.
    J Cell Sci 121:3373-3382(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein heterodimerization activity Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein homodimerization activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein sequestering activity Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "Structure of the CED-4-CED-9 complex provides insights into programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans."
    Yan N., Chai J., Lee E.S., Gu L., Liu Q., He J., Wu J.W., Kokel D., Li H., Hao Q., Xue D., Shi Y.
    Nature 437:831-837(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.60 ANGSTROMS) OF 48-251 IN COMPLEX WITH CED-4, FUNCTION.

GO - Biological processⁱ

• actin filament depolymerization Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.10

    "The cell death pathway regulates synapse elimination through cleavage of gelsolin in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons."
    Meng L., Mulcahy B., Cook S.J., Neubauer M., Wan A., Jin Y., Yan D.
    Cell Rep. 11:1737-1748(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-149 AND GLY-169.
• apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Programmed cell death mediated by ced-3 and ced-4 protects Caenorhabditis elegans from Salmonella typhimurium-mediated killing."
    Aballay A., Ausubel F.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2735-2739(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• apoptotic process involved in development Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Programmed elimination of cells by caspase-independent cell extrusion in C. elegans."
    Denning D.P., Hatch V., Horvitz H.R.
    Nature 488:226-230(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• autophagy of mitochondrion Source: WormBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Coordination of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis during ageing in C. elegans."
    Palikaras K., Lionaki E., Tavernarakis N.
    Nature 521:525-528(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• defense response to Gram-negative bacterium Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Programmed cell death mediated by ced-3 and ced-4 protects Caenorhabditis elegans from Salmonella typhimurium-mediated killing."
    Aballay A., Ausubel F.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2735-2739(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: WormBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Demonstration of the in vivo interaction of key cell death regulators by structure-based design of second-site suppressors."
    Parrish J., Metters H., Chen L., Xue D.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:11916-11921(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of programmed cell death Source: WormBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Caenorhabditis elegans CED-9 protein is a bifunctional cell-death inhibitor."
    Xue D., Horvitz H.R.
    Nature 390:305-308(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.13

    "Structure of the CED-4-CED-9 complex provides insights into programmed cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans."
    Yan N., Chai J., Lee E.S., Gu L., Liu Q., He J., Wu J.W., Kokel D., Li H., Hao Q., Xue D., Shi Y.
    Nature 437:831-837(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.60 ANGSTROMS) OF 48-251 IN COMPLEX WITH CED-4, FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of brood size Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Caenorhabditis elegans caspase homolog CSP-2 inhibits CED-3 autoactivation and apoptosis in germ cells."
    Geng X., Zhou Q.H., Kage-Nakadai E., Shi Y., Yan N., Mitani S., Xue D.
    Cell Death Differ. 16:1385-1394(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of embryonic development Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Inhibition of CED-3 zymogen activation and apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans by caspase homolog CSP-3."
    Geng X., Shi Y., Nakagawa A., Yoshina S., Mitani S., Shi Y., Xue D.
    Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15:1094-1101(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of fertilization Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe "traditional" genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Caenorhabditis elegans caspase homolog CSP-2 inhibits CED-3 autoactivation and apoptosis in germ cells."
    Geng X., Zhou Q.H., Kage-Nakadai E., Shi Y., Yan N., Mitani S., Xue D.
    Cell Death Differ. 16:1385-1394(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of mitochondrial fusion Source: WormBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "CED-9 and mitochondrial homeostasis in C. elegans muscle."
    Tan F.J., Husain M., Manlandro C.M., Koppenol M., Fire A.Z., Hill R.B.
    J Cell Sci 121:3373-3382(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of oviposition Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Inhibition of CED-3 zymogen activation and apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans by caspase homolog CSP-3."
    Geng X., Shi Y., Nakagawa A., Yoshina S., Mitani S., Shi Y., Xue D.
    Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15:1094-1101(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of synapse pruning Source: UniProtKBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.10

    "The cell death pathway regulates synapse elimination through cleavage of gelsolin in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons."
    Meng L., Mulcahy B., Cook S.J., Neubauer M., Wan A., Jin Y., Yan D.
    Cell Rep. 11:1737-1748(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-149 AND GLY-169.
• protein processing Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Inhibition of CED-3 zymogen activation and apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans by caspase homolog CSP-3."
    Geng X., Shi Y., Nakagawa A., Yoshina S., Mitani S., Shi Y., Xue D.
    Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15:1094-1101(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Caenorhabditis elegans caspase homolog CSP-2 inhibits CED-3 autoactivation and apoptosis in germ cells."
    Geng X., Zhou Q.H., Kage-Nakadai E., Shi Y., Yan N., Mitani S., Xue D.
    Cell Death Differ. 16:1385-1394(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of synapse organization Source: UniProtKBInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • Ref.10

    "The cell death pathway regulates synapse elimination through cleavage of gelsolin in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons."
    Meng L., Mulcahy B., Cook S.J., Neubauer M., Wan A., Jin Y., Yan D.
    Cell Rep. 11:1737-1748(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-149 AND GLY-169.

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Mutagenesis

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stageⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• protein heterodimerization activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein homodimerization activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Region

Motif

Compositional bias

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

        10         20         30         40         50
MTRCTADNSL TNPAYRRRTM ATGEMKEFLG IKGTEPTDFG INSDAQDLPS 
        60         70         80         90        100
PSRQASTRRM SIGESIDGKI NDWEEPRLDI EGFVVDYFTH RIRQNGMEWF 
       110        120        130        140        150
GAPGLPCGVQ PEHEMMRVMG TIFEKKHAEN FETFCEQLLA VPRISFSLYQ 
       160        170        180        190        200
DVVRTVGNAQ TDQCPMSYGR LIGLISFGGF VAAKMMESVE LQGQVRNLFV 
       210        220        230        240        250
YTSLFIKTRI RNNWKEHNRS WDDFMTLGKQ MKEDYERAEA EKVGRRKQNR 
       260        270        280
RWSMIGAGVT AGAIGIVGVV VCGRMMFSLK                       

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. Caenorhabditis elegans
   Caenorhabditis elegans: entries, gene names and cross-references to WormBase
2. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
3. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families