UniProtKB - P41222 (PTGDS_HUMAN)
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase
PTGDS
Functioni
Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (PubMed:20667974).
Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophobic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system (PubMed:20667974, PubMed:9475419).
Involved in PLA2G3-dependent maturation of mast cells. PLA2G3 is secreted by immature mast cells and acts on nearby fibroblasts upstream to PTDGS to synthesize PGD2, which in turn promotes mast cell maturation and degranulation via PTGDR (By similarity).
By similarity2 PublicationsMiscellaneous
Catalytic activityi
- EC:5.3.99.21 Publication
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Active sitei | 65 | Nucleophile1 Publication | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- fatty acid binding Source: UniProtKB
- prostaglandin-D synthase activity Source: UniProtKB
- retinoid binding Source: UniProtKB
- small molecule binding Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- cyclooxygenase pathway Source: Reactome
- mast cell degranulation Source: UniProtKB-KW
- prostaglandin biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
- regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Isomerase |
Biological process | Fatty acid biosynthesis, Fatty acid metabolism, Lipid biosynthesis, Lipid metabolism, Mast cell degranulation, Prostaglandin biosynthesis, Prostaglandin metabolism, Transport |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 5.3.99.2, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P41222 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-2162123, Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) R-HSA-9690406, Transcriptional regulation of testis differentiation |
SABIO-RKi | P41222 |
SignaLinki | P41222 |
SIGNORi | P41222 |
Chemistry databases
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000000141 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase (EC:5.3.99.21 Publication)Alternative name(s): Beta-trace protein Cerebrin-28 Glutathione-independent PGD synthase Lipocalin-type prostaglandin-D synthase Short name: L-PGDS1 Publication Prostaglandin-D2 synthase Short name: PGD2 synthase Short name: PGDS Short name: PGDS2 |
Gene namesi | Name:PTGDS Synonyms:PDS |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:9592, PTGDS |
MIMi | 176803, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P41222 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000107317 |
Subcellular locationi
Extracellular region or secreted
- Secreted 1 Publication
Golgi apparatus
- Golgi apparatus 1 Publication
Endoplasmic reticulum
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum 1 Publication
Nucleus
- Nucleus membrane 1 Publication
Other locations
- perinuclear region 1 Publication
Note: Detected on rough endoplasmic reticulum of arachnoid and menigioma cells. Localized to the nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, secretory vesicles and spherical cytoplasmic structures in arachnoid trabecular cells, and to circular cytoplasmic structures in meningeal macrophages and perivascular microglial cells. In oligodendrocytes, localized to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. In retinal pigment epithelial cells, localized to distinct cytoplasmic domains including the perinuclear region. Also secreted.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane Source: Reactome
- rough endoplasmic reticulum Source: UniProtKB
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular exosome Source: UniProtKB
- extracellular region Source: UniProtKB
- extracellular space Source: UniProtKB
Golgi apparatus
- Golgi apparatus Source: UniProtKB
Nucleus
- nuclear membrane Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Other locations
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cytoplasm, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Membrane, Nucleus, SecretedPathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 59 | K → A: Increases enzyme activity about two-fold. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 64 | M → A: Reduces enzyme activity almost ten-fold. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 65 | C → A: Loss of enzyme activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 79 | L → A: Reduces enzyme activity over ten-fold. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 83 | F → A: Reduces enzyme activity about five-fold. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 131 | L → A: Reduces enzyme activity almost ten-fold. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 149 | Y → A: Increases enzyme activity about two-fold. 1 Publication | 1 |
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 5730 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000107317 |
PharmGKBi | PA33945 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P41222, Tchem |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL3430865 |
DrugBanki | DB00162, Vitamin A |
DrugCentrali | P41222 |
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGYi | 1380 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PTGDS |
DMDMi | 730305 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Signal peptidei | 1 – 22 | 7 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 22 | |
ChainiPRO_0000017945 | 23 – 190 | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomeraseAdd BLAST | 168 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glycosylationi | 29 | O-linked (GalNAc...) serine1 Publication | 1 | |
Glycosylationi | 51 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) (complex) asparagine3 Publications | 1 | |
Glycosylationi | 78 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) (complex) asparagine5 Publications | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 89 ↔ 186 | By similarity |
Post-translational modificationi
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bond, GlycoproteinProteomic databases
CPTACi | CPTAC-686 |
jPOSTi | P41222 |
MassIVEi | P41222 |
PaxDbi | P41222 |
PeptideAtlasi | P41222 |
PRIDEi | P41222 |
ProteomicsDBi | 55431 |
2D gel databases
UCD-2DPAGEi | P41222 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 685, 149 N-Linked glycans (3 sites), 19 O-Linked glycans (5 sites) |
GlyGeni | P41222, 8 sites, 155 N-linked glycans (3 sites), 12 O-linked glycans (5 sites) |
iPTMneti | P41222 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P41222 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Developmental stagei
Inductioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000107317, Expressed in trigeminal ganglion and 234 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P41222, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P41222, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000107317, Tissue enhanced (brain, heart muscle, testis) |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Monomer.
2 PublicationsBinary interactionsi
P41222
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 111702, 30 interactors |
IntActi | P41222, 23 interactors |
MINTi | P41222 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000360687 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P41222 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P41222, protein |
Structurei
Secondary structure
3D structure databases
AlphaFoldDBi | P41222 |
SMRi | P41222 |
ModBasei | Search... |
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Miscellaneous databases
EvolutionaryTracei | P41222 |
Family & Domainsi
Domaini
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
SignalPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502S6GK, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00960000186615 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_094061_1_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P41222 |
OMAi | WFREKKS |
OrthoDBi | 1341030at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P41222 |
TreeFami | TF336103 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 2.40.128.20, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR012674, Calycin IPR002345, Lipocalin IPR022272, Lipocalin_CS IPR000566, Lipocln_cytosolic_FA-bd_dom IPR002972, PstgldnD_synth |
PANTHERi | PTHR11430, PTHR11430, 1 hit PTHR11430:SF86, PTHR11430:SF86, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00061, Lipocalin, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF50814, SSF50814, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00213, LIPOCALIN, 1 hit |
(1+)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
This entry has 1 described isoform and 4 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
10 20 30 40 50
MATHHTLWMG LALLGVLGDL QAAPEAQVSV QPNFQQDKFL GRWFSAGLAS
60 70 80 90 100
NSSWLREKKA ALSMCKSVVA PATDGGLNLT STFLRKNQCE TRTMLLQPAG
110 120 130 140 150
SLGSYSYRSP HWGSTYSVSV VETDYDQYAL LYSQGSKGPG EDFRMATLYS
160 170 180 190
RTQTPRAELK EKFTAFCKAQ GFTEDTIVFL PQTDKCMTEQ
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
There are 4 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basketQ5SQ11 | Q5SQ11_HUMAN | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase | PTGDS | 195 | Annotation score: | ||
H0Y5A1 | H0Y5A1_HUMAN | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase | PTGDS | 124 | Annotation score: | ||
A0A1W2PPU3 | A0A1W2PPU3_HUMAN | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase | PTGDS | 47 | Annotation score: | ||
H0Y4L4 | H0Y4L4_HUMAN | Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase | PTGDS | 62 | Annotation score: |
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 25 | E → P AA sequence (PubMed:8336140).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 33 | N → L AA sequence (PubMed:9844724).Curated | 1 |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_004273 | 56 | R → Q. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs11552179Ensembl. | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | M61900 mRNA Translation: AAA36494.2 M98538, M98537 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB51074.1 AY026356 mRNA Translation: AAK07679.1 DQ297141 Genomic DNA Translation: ABB84464.1 AK312817 mRNA Translation: BAG35674.1 AK075333 mRNA Translation: BAG52113.1 AL807752 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471090 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW88321.1 BC005939 mRNA Translation: AAH05939.1 BT019921 mRNA Translation: AAV38724.1 BT019922 mRNA Translation: AAV38725.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS7019.1 |
PIRi | A44455 PH1567 |
RefSeqi | NP_000945.3, NM_000954.5 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000371625.8; ENSP00000360687.3; ENSG00000107317.13 |
GeneIDi | 5730 |
KEGGi | hsa:5730 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000371625.8; ENSP00000360687.3; NM_000954.6; NP_000945.3 |
UCSCi | uc004cke.4, human |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Web resourcesi
SeattleSNPs |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | M61900 mRNA Translation: AAA36494.2 M98538, M98537 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB51074.1 AY026356 mRNA Translation: AAK07679.1 DQ297141 Genomic DNA Translation: ABB84464.1 AK312817 mRNA Translation: BAG35674.1 AK075333 mRNA Translation: BAG52113.1 AL807752 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471090 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW88321.1 BC005939 mRNA Translation: AAH05939.1 BT019921 mRNA Translation: AAV38724.1 BT019922 mRNA Translation: AAV38725.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS7019.1 |
PIRi | A44455 PH1567 |
RefSeqi | NP_000945.3, NM_000954.5 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
2WWP | X-ray | 2.00 | A/B | 23-190 | [»] | |
3O19 | X-ray | 1.66 | A | 29-190 | [»] | |
3O22 | X-ray | 1.40 | A | 29-190 | [»] | |
3O2Y | X-ray | 1.70 | A/B | 29-190 | [»] | |
4IMN | X-ray | 2.09 | A | 23-190 | [»] | |
4IMO | X-ray | 1.88 | A | 23-190 | [»] | |
4ORR | X-ray | 1.40 | A | 1-190 | [»] | |
4ORS | X-ray | 1.40 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4ORU | X-ray | 1.55 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4ORW | X-ray | 1.66 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4ORX | X-ray | 1.60 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4ORY | X-ray | 1.80 | A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H | 1-190 | [»] | |
4OS0 | X-ray | 1.75 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4OS3 | X-ray | 1.40 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
4OS8 | X-ray | 1.69 | A/B | 1-190 | [»] | |
5WY9 | X-ray | 1.45 | A | 23-190 | [»] | |
AlphaFoldDBi | P41222 | |||||
SMRi | P41222 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 111702, 30 interactors |
IntActi | P41222, 23 interactors |
MINTi | P41222 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000360687 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P41222 |
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL3430865 |
DrugBanki | DB00162, Vitamin A |
DrugCentrali | P41222 |
GuidetoPHARMACOLOGYi | 1380 |
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000000141 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 685, 149 N-Linked glycans (3 sites), 19 O-Linked glycans (5 sites) |
GlyGeni | P41222, 8 sites, 155 N-linked glycans (3 sites), 12 O-linked glycans (5 sites) |
iPTMneti | P41222 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P41222 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PTGDS |
DMDMi | 730305 |
2D gel databases
UCD-2DPAGEi | P41222 |
Proteomic databases
CPTACi | CPTAC-686 |
jPOSTi | P41222 |
MassIVEi | P41222 |
PaxDbi | P41222 |
PeptideAtlasi | P41222 |
PRIDEi | P41222 |
ProteomicsDBi | 55431 |
Protocols and materials databases
ABCDi | P41222, 1 sequenced antibody |
Antibodypediai | 1507, 368 antibodies from 32 providers |
DNASUi | 5730 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000371625.8; ENSP00000360687.3; ENSG00000107317.13 |
GeneIDi | 5730 |
KEGGi | hsa:5730 |
MANE-Selecti | ENST00000371625.8; ENSP00000360687.3; NM_000954.6; NP_000945.3 |
UCSCi | uc004cke.4, human |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 5730 |
DisGeNETi | 5730 |
GeneCardsi | PTGDS |
HGNCi | HGNC:9592, PTGDS |
HPAi | ENSG00000107317, Tissue enhanced (brain, heart muscle, testis) |
MIMi | 176803, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P41222 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000107317 |
PharmGKBi | PA33945 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000107317 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502S6GK, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00960000186615 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_094061_1_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P41222 |
OMAi | WFREKKS |
OrthoDBi | 1341030at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P41222 |
TreeFami | TF336103 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 5.3.99.2, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P41222 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-2162123, Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) R-HSA-9690406, Transcriptional regulation of testis differentiation |
SABIO-RKi | P41222 |
SignaLinki | P41222 |
SIGNORi | P41222 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 5730, 2 hits in 1073 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | PTGDS, human |
EvolutionaryTracei | P41222 |
GeneWikii | Prostaglandin_D2_synthase |
GenomeRNAii | 5730 |
Pharosi | P41222, Tchem |
PROi | PR:P41222 |
RNActi | P41222, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000107317, Expressed in trigeminal ganglion and 234 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P41222, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P41222, HS |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 2.40.128.20, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR012674, Calycin IPR002345, Lipocalin IPR022272, Lipocalin_CS IPR000566, Lipocln_cytosolic_FA-bd_dom IPR002972, PstgldnD_synth |
PANTHERi | PTHR11430, PTHR11430, 1 hit PTHR11430:SF86, PTHR11430:SF86, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00061, Lipocalin, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF50814, SSF50814, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00213, LIPOCALIN, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | PTGDS_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P41222Primary (citable) accession number: P41222 Secondary accession number(s): B2R727 Q9UCD9 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | February 1, 1995 |
Last sequence update: | February 1, 1995 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 210 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 9
Human chromosome 9: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families