Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Sites

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DNA binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The gene encoding the Acyl-CoA-binding protein is activated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma through an intronic response element functionally conserved between humans and rodents."
    Helledie T., Grontved L., Jensen S.S., Kiilerich P., Rietveld L., Albrektsen T., Boysen M.S., Nohr J., Larsen L.K., Fleckner J., Stunnenberg H.G., Kristiansen K., Mandrup S.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:26821-26830(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "PPARalpha governs glycerol metabolism."
    Patsouris D., Mandard S., Voshol P.J., Escher P., Tan N.S., Havekes L.M., Koenig W., Marz W., Tafuri S., Wahli W., Muller M., Kersten S.
    J. Clin. Invest. 114:94-103(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Systems biology of the 2-cell mouse embryo."
    Evsikov A.V., de Vries W.N., Peaston A.E., Radford E.E., Fancher K.S., Chen F.H., Blake J.A., Bult C.J., Latham K.E., Solter D., Knowles B.B.
    Cytogenet. Genome Res. 105:240-250(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and Rev-erbalpha mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates."
    Vu-Dac N., Chopin-Delannoy S., Gervois P., Bonnelye E., Martin G., Fruchart J.C., Laudet V., Staels B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:25713-25720(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "An intronic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-binding sequence mediates fatty acid induction of the human carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A."
    Napal L., Marrero P.F., Haro D.
    J. Mol. Biol. 354:751-759(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and Rev-erbalpha mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates."
    Vu-Dac N., Chopin-Delannoy S., Gervois P., Bonnelye E., Martin G., Fruchart J.C., Laudet V., Staels B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:25713-25720(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• drug binding Source: UniProtKB
• fatty acid binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ligand-activated transcription factor activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• lipid binding Source: UniProtKB
• MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha by MDM2."
    Gopinathan L., Hannon D.B., Peters J.M., Vanden Heuvel J.P.
    Toxicol. Sci. 108:48-58(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• NFAT protein binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "PPARalpha activation inhibits endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by prevention of NFATc4 binding to GATA-4."
    Le K., Li R., Xu S., Wu X., Huang H., Bao Y., Cai Y., Lan T., Moss J., Li C., Zou J., Shen X., Liu P.
    Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 518:71-78(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• nuclear receptor activity Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator."
    Surapureddi S., Yu S., Bu H., Hashimoto T., Yeldandi A.V., Kashireddy P., Cherkaoui-Malki M., Qi C., Zhu Y.-J., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:11836-11841(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Dependence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling on epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation."
    Gardner O.S., Dewar B.J., Earp H.S., Samet J.M., Graves L.M.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:46261-46269(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• phosphatase binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Cloning and identification of rat deoxyuridine triphosphatase as an inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha."
    Chu R.Y., Lin Y.L., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    J. Biol. Chem. 271:27670-27676(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein-containing complex binding Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Histone acetylation and steroid receptor coactivator expression during clofibrate-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis."
    Asano J., Kudo T., Shimizu T., Fan Y., Nanashima N., Yamana D., Miura T., Yamada T., Tsuchida S.
    Cancer Sci. 101:869-875(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein domain specific binding Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator."
    Surapureddi S., Yu S., Bu H., Hashimoto T., Yeldandi A.V., Kashireddy P., Cherkaoui-Malki M., Qi C., Zhu Y.-J., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:11836-11841(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and Rev-erbalpha mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates."
    Vu-Dac N., Chopin-Delannoy S., Gervois P., Bonnelye E., Martin G., Fruchart J.C., Laudet V., Staels B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:25713-25720(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sequence-specific DNA binding Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "The ribosomal protein rpL11 associates with and inhibits the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha."
    Gray J.P., Davis J.W., Gopinathan L., Leas T.L., Nugent C.A., Vanden Heuvel J.P.
    Toxicol. Sci. 89:535-546(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• signaling receptor activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects."
    Yamauchi T., Kamon J., Ito Y., Tsuchida A., Yokomizo T., Kita S., Sugiyama T., Miyagishi M., Hara K., Tsunoda M., Murakami K., Ohteki T., Uchida S., Takekawa S., Waki H., Tsuno N.H., Shibata Y., Terauchi Y.

    , Froguel P., Tobe K., Koyasu S., Taira K., Kitamura T., Shimizu T., Nagai R., Kadowaki T.
    Nature 423:762-769(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• steroid hormone receptor activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription coactivator binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "omega-6 lipids regulate PPAR turnover via reciprocal switch between PGC-1 alpha and ubiquitination."
    Fei J., Cook C., Santanam N.
    Atherosclerosis 222:395-401(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPARalpha governs glycerol metabolism."
    Patsouris D., Mandard S., Voshol P.J., Escher P., Tan N.S., Havekes L.M., Koenig W., Marz W., Tafuri S., Wahli W., Muller M., Kersten S.
    J. Clin. Invest. 114:94-103(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mediate p300-dependent STAT1 Protein Interaction with Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)-gamma in CD36 Protein Expression and Foam Cell Formation."
    Kotla S., Rao G.N.
    J. Biol. Chem. 290:30306-30320(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• zinc ion binding Source: InterPro

GO - Biological processⁱ

• behavioral response to nicotine Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Blockade of nicotine reward and reinstatement by activation of alpha-type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors."
    Mascia P., Pistis M., Justinova Z., Panlilio L.V., Luchicchi A., Lecca S., Scherma M., Fratta W., Fadda P., Barnes C., Redhi G.H., Yasar S., Le Foll B., Tanda G., Piomelli D., Goldberg S.R.
    Biol. Psychiatry 69:633-641(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell differentiation Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to lipid Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• circadian regulation of gene expression Source: UniProtKB
• enamel mineralization Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Differential gene expression profiling of the molar tooth germ in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) knockout mouse and in wild-type mouse: molar tooth phenotype of PPAR-alpha knockout mouse."
    Sehic A., Khuu C., Risnes S., Osmundsen H.
    Eur. J. Oral Sci. 117:93-104(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• epidermis development Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in epidermal development in utero."
    Schmuth M., Schoonjans K., Yu Q.C., Fluhr J.W., Crumrine D., Hachem J.P., Lau P., Auwerx J., Elias P.M., Feingold K.R.
    J. Invest. Dermatol. 119:1298-1303(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• fatty acid metabolic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha and PPARbeta/delta, but not PPARgamma, modulate the expression of genes involved in cardiac lipid metabolism."
    Gilde A.J., van der Lee K.A., Willemsen P.H., Chinetti G., van der Leij F.R., van der Vusse G.J., Staels B., van Bilsen M.
    Circ. Res. 92:518-524(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Unsaturated fatty acid regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activity in rat primary hepatocytes."
    Pawar A., Jump D.B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:35931-35939(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Tesaglitazar, a dual PPAR{alpha}/{gamma} agonist, ameliorates glucose and lipid intolerance in obese Zucker rats."
    Oakes N.D., Thalen P., Hultstrand T., Jacinto S., Camejo G., Wallin B., Ljung B.
    Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 289:R938-46(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• heart development Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Changes in expression levels of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism: upregulation of all three members of the PPAR family (alpha, gamma, delta) and the newly described adiponectin receptor 2, but not adiponectin receptor 1 during neonatal cardiac development of the rat."
    Steinmetz M., Quentin T., Poppe A., Paul T., Jux C.
    Basic Res. Cardiol. 100:263-269(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• hormone-mediated signaling pathway Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• lipoprotein metabolic process Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha increases the expression and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in the liver."
    Ameen C., Edvardsson U., Ljungberg A., Asp L., Akerblad P., Tuneld A., Olofsson S.O., Linden D., Oscarsson J.
    J. Biol. Chem. 280:1224-1229(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• multicellular organism development Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of appetite Source: UniProtKB
• negative regulation of blood pressure Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation reduces salt-dependent hypertension during chronic endothelin B receptor blockade."
    Williams J.M., Zhao X., Wang M.H., Imig J.D., Pollock D.M.
    Hypertension 46:366-371(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARalpha activation inhibits endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by prevention of NFATc4 binding to GATA-4."
    Le K., Li R., Xu S., Wu X., Huang H., Bao Y., Cai Y., Lan T., Moss J., Li C., Zou J., Shen X., Liu P.
    Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 518:71-78(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of cholesterol storage Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Chlamydia pneumoniae induces macrophage-derived foam cell formation via PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma-dependent pathways."
    Mei C.L., He P., Cheng B., Liu W., Wang Y.F., Wan J.J.
    Cell Biol. Int. 33:301-308(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of glycolytic process Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "MicroRNA-21 targets peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-alpha in an autoregulatory loop to modulate flow-induced endothelial inflammation."
    Zhou J., Wang K.C., Wu W., Subramaniam S., Shyy J.Y., Chiu J.J., Li J.Y., Chien S.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:10355-10360(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "MicroRNA-21 targets peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-alpha in an autoregulatory loop to modulate flow-induced endothelial inflammation."
    Zhou J., Wang K.C., Wu W., Subramaniam S., Shyy J.Y., Chiu J.J., Li J.Y., Chien S.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:10355-10360(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Chlamydia pneumoniae induces macrophage-derived foam cell formation via PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma-dependent pathways."
    Mei C.L., He P., Cheng B., Liu W., Wang Y.F., Wan J.J.
    Cell Biol. Int. 33:301-308(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of neuron death Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonists protect cortical neurons from inflammatory mediators and improve peroxisomal function."
    Gray E., Ginty M., Kemp K., Scolding N., Wilkins A.
    Eur. J. Neurosci. 33:1421-1432(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "MicroRNA-21 targets peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-alpha in an autoregulatory loop to modulate flow-induced endothelial inflammation."
    Zhou J., Wang K.C., Wu W., Subramaniam S., Shyy J.Y., Chiu J.J., Li J.Y., Chien S.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:10355-10360(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of protein binding Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARalpha activation inhibits endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by prevention of NFATc4 binding to GATA-4."
    Le K., Li R., Xu S., Wu X., Huang H., Bao Y., Cai Y., Lan T., Moss J., Li C., Zou J., Shen X., Liu P.
    Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 518:71-78(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPAR(alpha) and PPAR(gamma) activators suppress the monocyte-macrophage apoB-48 receptor."
    Haraguchi G., Kobayashi Y., Brown M.L., Tanaka A., Isobe M., Gianturco S.H., Bradley W.A.
    J. Lipid Res. 44:1224-1231(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPAR(alpha) and PPAR(gamma) activators suppress the monocyte-macrophage apoB-48 receptor."
    Haraguchi G., Kobayashi Y., Brown M.L., Tanaka A., Isobe M., Gianturco S.H., Bradley W.A.
    J. Lipid Res. 44:1224-1231(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPAR(alpha) and PPAR(gamma) activators suppress the monocyte-macrophage apoB-48 receptor."
    Haraguchi G., Kobayashi Y., Brown M.L., Tanaka A., Isobe M., Gianturco S.H., Bradley W.A.
    J. Lipid Res. 44:1224-1231(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and Rev-erbalpha mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates."
    Vu-Dac N., Chopin-Delannoy S., Gervois P., Bonnelye E., Martin G., Fruchart J.C., Laudet V., Staels B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:25713-25720(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Differential induction of genes in liver and brown adipose tissue regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha during fasting and cold exposure in acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient mice."
    Goetzman E.S., Tian L., Wood P.A.
    Mol. Genet. Metab. 84:39-47(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of gluconeogenesis Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPARalpha governs glycerol metabolism."
    Patsouris D., Mandard S., Voshol P.J., Escher P., Tan N.S., Havekes L.M., Koenig W., Marz W., Tafuri S., Wahli W., Muller M., Kersten S.
    J. Clin. Invest. 114:94-103(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "MLDP, a novel PAT family protein localized to lipid droplets and enriched in the heart, is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha."
    Yamaguchi T., Matsushita S., Motojima K., Hirose F., Osumi T.
    J. Biol. Chem. 281:14232-14240(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Lipin 1 represses NFATc4 transcriptional activity in adipocytes to inhibit secretion of inflammatory factors."
    Kim H.B., Kumar A., Wang L., Liu G.H., Keller S.R., Lawrence J.C. Jr., Finck B.N., Harris T.E.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 30:3126-3139(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Regulation of LPCAT3 by LXR."
    Demeure O., Lecerf F., Duby C., Desert C., Ducheix S., Guillou H., Lagarrigue S.
    Gene 470:7-11(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors."
    Kliewer S.A., Forman B.M., Blumberg B., Ong E.S., Borgmeyer U., Mangelsdorf D.J., Umesono K., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:7355-7359(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and Rev-erbalpha mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates."
    Vu-Dac N., Chopin-Delannoy S., Gervois P., Bonnelye E., Martin G., Fruchart J.C., Laudet V., Staels B.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:25713-25720(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of circadian rhythm Source: UniProtKB
• regulation of fatty acid metabolic process Source: RGD <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator."
    Surapureddi S., Yu S., Bu H., Hashimoto T., Yeldandi A.V., Kashireddy P., Cherkaoui-Malki M., Qi C., Zhu Y.-J., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:11836-11841(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of gene expression Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha regulates a male-specific cytochrome P450 in mouse liver."
    Jeffery B., Choudhury A.I., Horley N., Bruce M., Tomlinson S.R., Roberts R.A., Gray T.J., Barrett D.A., Shaw P.N., Kendall D., Bell D.R.
    Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 429:231-236(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of lipid metabolic process Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of lipid transport by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator."
    Surapureddi S., Yu S., Bu H., Hashimoto T., Yeldandi A.V., Kashireddy P., Cherkaoui-Malki M., Qi C., Zhu Y.-J., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:11836-11841(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to hypoxia Source: HGNC-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Evidence for mitochondrial thioesterase 1 as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-regulated gene in cardiac and skeletal muscle."
    Stavinoha M.A., RaySpellicy J.W., Essop M.F., Graveleau C., Abel E.D., Hart-Sailors M.L., Mersmann H.J., Bray M.S., Young M.E.
    Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 287:E888-95(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to insulin Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Tesaglitazar, a dual PPAR{alpha}/{gamma} agonist, ameliorates glucose and lipid intolerance in obese Zucker rats."
    Oakes N.D., Thalen P., Hultstrand T., Jacinto S., Camejo G., Wallin B., Ljung B.
    Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 289:R938-46(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to lipid Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to nutrient levels Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• wound healing Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Impaired skin wound healing in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPARbeta mutant mice."
    Michalik L., Desvergne B., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Escher P., Rieusset J., Peters J.M., Kaya G., Gonzalez F.J., Zakany J., Metzger D., Chambon P., Duboule D., Wahli W.
    J. Cell Biol. 154:799-814(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Chemistry databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection%27">Interaction</a> section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha by MDM2."
    Gopinathan L., Hannon D.B., Peters J.M., Vanden Heuvel J.P.
    Toxicol. Sci. 108:48-58(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• NFAT protein binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "PPARalpha activation inhibits endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by prevention of NFATc4 binding to GATA-4."
    Le K., Li R., Xu S., Wu X., Huang H., Bao Y., Cai Y., Lan T., Moss J., Li C., Zou J., Shen X., Liu P.
    Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 518:71-78(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• phosphatase binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Cloning and identification of rat deoxyuridine triphosphatase as an inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha."
    Chu R.Y., Lin Y.L., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    J. Biol. Chem. 271:27670-27676(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein domain specific binding Source: RGDInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator."
    Surapureddi S., Yu S., Bu H., Hashimoto T., Yeldandi A.V., Kashireddy P., Cherkaoui-Malki M., Qi C., Zhu Y.-J., Rao M.S., Reddy J.K.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:11836-11841(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription coactivator binding Source: RGDInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "omega-6 lipids regulate PPAR turnover via reciprocal switch between PGC-1 alpha and ubiquitination."
    Fei J., Cook C., Santanam N.
    Atherosclerosis 222:395-401(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "PPARalpha governs glycerol metabolism."
    Patsouris D., Mandard S., Voshol P.J., Escher P., Tan N.S., Havekes L.M., Koenig W., Marz W., Tafuri S., Wahli W., Muller M., Kersten S.
    J. Clin. Invest. 114:94-103(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mediate p300-dependent STAT1 Protein Interaction with Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)-gamma in CD36 Protein Expression and Foam Cell Formation."
    Kotla S., Rao G.N.
    J. Biol. Chem. 290:30306-30320(2015) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "SUMOylation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha inhibits its trans-activity through the recruitment of the nuclear corepressor NCoR."
    Pourcet B., Pineda-Torra I., Derudas B., Staels B., Glineur C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 285:5983-5992(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Zinc finger

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

        10         20         30         40         50
MVDTESPICP LSPLEADDLE SPLSEEFLQE MGNIQEISQS LGEESSGSFS 
        60         70         80         90        100
FADYQYLGSC PGSEGSVITD TLSPASSPSS VSCPAVPTST DESPGNALNI 
       110        120        130        140        150
ECRICGDKAS GYHYGVHACE GCKGFFRRTI RLKLAYDKCD RSCKIQKKNR 
       160        170        180        190        200
NKCQYCRFHK CLSVGMSHNA IRFGRMPRSE KAKLKAEILT CEHDLKDSET 
       210        220        230        240        250
ADLKSLAKRI HEAYLKNFNM NKVKARVILA GKTSNNPPFV IHDMETLCMA 
       260        270        280        290        300
EKTLVAKMVA NGVENKEAEV RFFHCCQCMS VETVTELTEF AKAIPGFANL 
       310        320        330        340        350
DLNDQVTLLK YGVYEAIFTM LSSLMNKDGM LIAYGNGFIT REFLKNLRKP 
       360        370        380        390        400
FCDIMEPKFD FAMKFNALEL DDSDISLFVA AIICCGDRPG LLNIGYIEKL 
       410        420        430        440        450
QEGIVHVLKL HLQSNHPDDT FLFPKLLQKM VDLRQLVTEH AQLVQVIKKT 
       460 
ESDAALHPLL QEIYRDMY                                    

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families