Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• DNA binding Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors."
    Kliewer S.A., Forman B.M., Blumberg B., Ong E.S., Borgmeyer U., Mangelsdorf D.J., Umesono K., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:7355-7359(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: MGI
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta regulation of miR-15a in ischemia-induced cerebral vascular endothelial injury."
    Yin K.J., Deng Z., Hamblin M., Xiang Y., Huang H., Zhang J., Jiang X., Wang Y., Chen Y.E.
    J. Neurosci. 30:6398-6408(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• drug binding Source: UniProtKB
• enzyme activator activity Source: UniProtKB <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • "The function of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta in energy homeostasis."
    Wolf G.
    Nutr. Rev. 61:387-390(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• fatty acid binding Source: MGI
• linoleic acid binding Source: UniProtKB
• lipid binding Source: UniProtKB
• NF-kappaB binding Source: MGI
• nuclear receptor activity Source: UniProtKB
• nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• prostacyclin receptor activity Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "PPAR delta functions as a prostacyclin receptor in blastocyst implantation."
    Lim H., Dey S.K.
    Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 11:137-142(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• protein heterodimerization activity Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Transcriptional cofactors exhibit differential preference toward peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta in uterine cells."
    Lim H.J., Moon I., Han K.
    Endocrinology 145:2886-2895(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• retinoid X receptor binding Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Transcriptional cofactors exhibit differential preference toward peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta in uterine cells."
    Lim H.J., Moon I., Han K.
    Endocrinology 145:2886-2895(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• signaling receptor activity Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• steroid hormone receptor activity Source: InterPro
• transcription coactivator activity Source: MGI
• transcription factor binding Source: MGI
• transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• zinc ion binding Source: InterPro

GO - Biological processⁱ

• adipose tissue development Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta on placentation, adiposity, and colorectal cancer."
    Barak Y., Liao D., He W., Ong E.S., Nelson M.C., Olefsky J.M., Boland R., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:303-308(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• apoptotic process Source: MGI
• apoptotic signaling pathway Source: MGI
• axon ensheathment Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta)."
    Peters J.M., Lee S.S., Li W., Ward J.M., Gavrilova O., Everett C., Reitman M.L., Hudson L.D., Gonzalez F.J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5119-5128(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell differentiation Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Differentiation of trophoblast giant cells and their metabolic functions are dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta."
    Nadra K., Anghel S.I., Joye E., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Trono D., Wahli W., Desvergne B.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:3266-3281(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell-substrate adhesion Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Impaired skin wound healing in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPARbeta mutant mice."
    Michalik L., Desvergne B., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Escher P., Rieusset J., Peters J.M., Kaya G., Gonzalez F.J., Zakany J., Metzger D., Chambon P., Duboule D., Wahli W.
    J. Cell Biol. 154:799-814(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular process Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta)."
    Peters J.M., Lee S.S., Li W., Ward J.M., Gavrilova O., Everett C., Reitman M.L., Hudson L.D., Gonzalez F.J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5119-5128(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to hypoxia Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe “traditional” genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "The hypoxia-inducible microRNA cluster miR-199a~214 targets myocardial PPARdelta and impairs mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation."
    el Azzouzi H., Leptidis S., Dirkx E., Hoeks J., van Bree B., Brand K., McClellan E.A., Poels E., Sluimer J.C., van den Hoogenhof M.M., Armand A.S., Yin X., Langley S., Bourajjaj M., Olieslagers S., Krishnan J., Vooijs M., Kurihara H.

    , Stubbs A., Pinto Y.M., Krek W., Mayr M., da Costa Martins P.A., Schrauwen P., De Windt L.J.
    Cell Metab. 18:341-354(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to lipopolysaccharide Source: MGI
• decidualization Source: Ensembl
• embryo implantation Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Cyclo-oxygenase-2-derived prostacyclin mediates embryo implantation in the mouse via PPARdelta."
    Lim H., Gupta R.A., Ma W.G., Paria B.C., Moller D.E., Morrow J.D., DuBois R.N., Trzaskos J.M., Dey S.K.
    Genes Dev. 13:1561-1574(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• epidermis development Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta)."
    Peters J.M., Lee S.S., Li W., Ward J.M., Gavrilova O., Everett C., Reitman M.L., Hudson L.D., Gonzalez F.J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5119-5128(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• fatty acid beta-oxidation Source: UniProtKB <p>Inferred from Expression Pattern</p> <p>Covers cases where the annotation is inferred from the timing or location of expression of a gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iep">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta induces fatty acid beta-oxidation in skeletal muscle and attenuates metabolic syndrome."
    Tanaka T., Yamamoto J., Iwasaki S., Asaba H., Hamura H., Ikeda Y., Watanabe M., Magoori K., Ioka R.X., Tachibana K., Watanabe Y., Uchiyama Y., Sumi K., Iguchi H., Ito S., Doi T., Hamakubo T., Naito M.

    , Auwerx J., Yanagisawa M., Kodama T., Sakai J.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15924-15929(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• fatty acid metabolic process Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• fatty acid oxidation Source: MGI
• fatty acid transport Source: UniProtKBInferred from expression patternⁱ
  • "Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta induces fatty acid beta-oxidation in skeletal muscle and attenuates metabolic syndrome."
    Tanaka T., Yamamoto J., Iwasaki S., Asaba H., Hamura H., Ikeda Y., Watanabe M., Magoori K., Ioka R.X., Tachibana K., Watanabe Y., Uchiyama Y., Sumi K., Iguchi H., Ito S., Doi T., Hamakubo T., Naito M.

    , Auwerx J., Yanagisawa M., Kodama T., Sakai J.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15924-15929(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• heart development Source: Ensembl
• hormone-mediated signaling pathway Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• keratinocyte migration Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Impaired skin wound healing in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPARbeta mutant mice."
    Michalik L., Desvergne B., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Escher P., Rieusset J., Peters J.M., Kaya G., Gonzalez F.J., Zakany J., Metzger D., Chambon P., Duboule D., Wahli W.
    J. Cell Biol. 154:799-814(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• keratinocyte proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Targeted deletion of the cytosolic domain of tissue factor in mice does not affect development."
    Melis E., Moons L., De Mol M., Herbert J.M., Mackman N., Collen D., Carmeliet P., Dewerchin M.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 286:580-586(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• lipid metabolic process Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta)."
    Peters J.M., Lee S.S., Li W., Ward J.M., Gavrilova O., Everett C., Reitman M.L., Hudson L.D., Gonzalez F.J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5119-5128(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Differentiation of trophoblast giant cells and their metabolic functions are dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta."
    Nadra K., Anghel S.I., Joye E., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Trono D., Wahli W., Desvergne B.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:3266-3281(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• mRNA transcription Source: MGI
• multicellular organism development Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: MGI
• negative regulation of cell growth Source: MGI
• negative regulation of cholesterol storage Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process Source: MGI
• negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Source: MGIInferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Activation of nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta accelerates intestinal adenoma growth."
    Gupta R.A., Wang D., Katkuri S., Wang H., Dey S.K., DuBois R.N.
    Nat. Med. 10:245-247(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: MGI
• negative regulation of myoblast differentiation Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARdelta regulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration."
    Angione A.R., Jiang C., Pan D., Wang Y.X., Kuang S.
    Skelet Muscle 1:33-33(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta regulation of miR-15a in ischemia-induced cerebral vascular endothelial injury."
    Yin K.J., Deng Z., Hamblin M., Xiang Y., Huang H., Zhang J., Jiang X., Wang Y., Chen Y.E.
    J. Neurosci. 30:6398-6408(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Source: MGI
• negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation Source: MGI
• negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.2

    "Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors."
    Kliewer S.A., Forman B.M., Blumberg B., Ong E.S., Borgmeyer U., Mangelsdorf D.J., Umesono K., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:7355-7359(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
• phospholipid biosynthetic process Source: MGI
• placenta development Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta on placentation, adiposity, and colorectal cancer."
    Barak Y., Liao D., He W., Ong E.S., Nelson M.C., Olefsky J.M., Boland R., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:303-308(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of blood vessel diameter Source: MGI
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta on placentation, adiposity, and colorectal cancer."
    Barak Y., Liao D., He W., Ong E.S., Nelson M.C., Olefsky J.M., Boland R., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:303-308(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of epidermis development Source: MGI
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARdelta regulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration."
    Angione A.R., Jiang C., Pan D., Wang Y.X., Kuang S.
    Skelet Muscle 1:33-33(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of insulin secretion Source: MGI
• positive regulation of myoblast proliferation Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARdelta regulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration."
    Angione A.R., Jiang C., Pan D., Wang Y.X., Kuang S.
    Skelet Muscle 1:33-33(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Differentiation of trophoblast giant cells and their metabolic functions are dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta."
    Nadra K., Anghel S.I., Joye E., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Trono D., Wahli W., Desvergne B.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 26:3266-3281(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARdelta regulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration."
    Angione A.R., Jiang C., Pan D., Wang Y.X., Kuang S.
    Skelet Muscle 1:33-33(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
• positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• proteoglycan metabolic process Source: MGI
• regulation of cell population proliferation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta)."
    Peters J.M., Lee S.S., Li W., Ward J.M., Gavrilova O., Everett C., Reitman M.L., Hudson L.D., Gonzalez F.J.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5119-5128(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of fat cell differentiation Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta on placentation, adiposity, and colorectal cancer."
    Barak Y., Liao D., He W., Ong E.S., Nelson M.C., Olefsky J.M., Boland R., Evans R.M.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:303-308(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of insulin secretion Source: UniProtKB <p>Non-traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for statements in the abstract, introduction or discussion of a paper that cannot be traced back to another publication.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#nas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Non-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta induces fatty acid beta-oxidation in skeletal muscle and attenuates metabolic syndrome."
    Tanaka T., Yamamoto J., Iwasaki S., Asaba H., Hamura H., Ikeda Y., Watanabe M., Magoori K., Ioka R.X., Tachibana K., Watanabe Y., Uchiyama Y., Sumi K., Iguchi H., Ito S., Doi T., Hamakubo T., Naito M.

    , Auwerx J., Yanagisawa M., Kodama T., Sakai J.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15924-15929(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of lipid metabolic process Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation Source: CACAOInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "PPARdelta regulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration."
    Angione A.R., Jiang C., Pan D., Wang Y.X., Kuang S.
    Skelet Muscle 1:33-33(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to activity Source: Ensembl
• response to glucose Source: Ensembl
• response to lipid Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to vitamin A Source: Ensembl
• vitamin A metabolic process Source: MGI
• wound healing Source: MGIInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Impaired skin wound healing in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha and PPARbeta mutant mice."
    Michalik L., Desvergne B., Tan N.S., Basu-Modak S., Escher P., Rieusset J., Peters J.M., Kaya G., Gonzalez F.J., Zakany J., Metzger D., Chambon P., Duboule D., Wahli W.
    J. Cell Biol. 154:799-814(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Chemistry databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the ‘Expression’ section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified ‘at protein level’. <br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• NF-kappaB binding Source: MGI
• protein heterodimerization activity Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Transcriptional cofactors exhibit differential preference toward peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta in uterine cells."
    Lim H.J., Moon I., Han K.
    Endocrinology 145:2886-2895(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• retinoid X receptor binding Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Transcriptional cofactors exhibit differential preference toward peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta in uterine cells."
    Lim H.J., Moon I., Han K.
    Endocrinology 145:2886-2895(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: MGI

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Zinc finger

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence (1+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 3 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MEQPQEETPE AREEEKEEVA MGDGAPELNG GPEHTLPSSS CADLSQNSSP 
        60         70         80         90        100
SSLLDQLQMG CDGASGGSLN MECRVCGDKA SGFHYGVHAC EGCKGFFRRT 
       110        120        130        140        150
IRMKLEYEKC DRICKIQKKN RNKCQYCRFQ KCLALGMSHN AIRFGRMPEA 
       160        170        180        190        200
EKRKLVAGLT ASEGCQHNPQ LADLKAFSKH IYNAYLKNFN MTKKKARSIL 
       210        220        230        240        250
TGKSSHNAPF VIHDIETLWQ AEKGLVWKQL VNGLPPYNEI SVHVFYRCQS 
       260        270        280        290        300
TTVETVRELT EFAKNIPNFS SLFLNDQVTL LKYGVHEAIF AMLASIVNKD 
       310        320        330        340        350
GLLVANGSGF VTHEFLRSLR KPFSDIIEPK FEFAVKFNAL ELDDSDLALF 
       360        370        380        390        400
IAAIILCGDR PGLMNVPQVE AIQDTILRAL EFHLQVNHPD SQYLFPKLLQ 
       410        420        430        440
KMADLRQLVT EHAQMMQWLK KTESETLLHP LLQEIYKDMY            

<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Experimental Info

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
2. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot