UniProtKB - P33232 (LLDD_ECOLI)
Protein
L-lactate dehydrogenase
Gene
lldD
Organism
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Status
Functioni
Catalyzes the conversion of L-lactate to pyruvate. Seems to be a primary dehydrogenase in the respiratory chain. To a lesser extent, can also oxidize DL-alpha-hydroxybutyrate, but not D-lactate.2 Publications
Catalytic activityi
Cofactori
FMNUniRule annotation1 Publication
Activity regulationi
Is activated by 2-fold in the presence of high concentrations of sodium and potassium ions. Is almost completely inhibited by a high concentration of pyruvate (10 mM).
Kineticsi
- KM=120 µM for L-lactate1 Publication
- KM=770 µM for DL-alpha-hydroxybutyrate1 Publication
pH dependencei
Optimum pH is 8-9.1 Publication
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Binding sitei | 24 | SubstrateUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 106 | FMNUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 127 | FMNUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 129 | SubstrateUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 155 | FMNUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 164 | SubstrateUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 251 | FMNUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Active sitei | 275 | Proton acceptorUniRule annotation | 1 | |
Binding sitei | 278 | SubstrateUniRule annotation | 1 |
Regions
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nucleotide bindingi | 306 – 330 | FMNUniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 25 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- FMN binding Source: EcoCyc
- L-lactate dehydrogenase activity Source: EcoCyc
GO - Biological processi
- aerobic respiration Source: EcoCyc
- lactate oxidation Source: EcoCyc
- L-fucose catabolic process Source: EcoCyc
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Oxidoreductase |
Ligand | Flavoprotein, FMN |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | EcoCyc:L-LACTDEHYDROGFMN-MONOMER MetaCyc:L-LACTDEHYDROGFMN-MONOMER |
SABIO-RKi | P33232 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | |
Gene namesi | Name:lldDUniRule annotation Synonyms:lctD Ordered Locus Names:b3605, JW3580 |
Organismi | Escherichia coli (strain K12) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 83333 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Gammaproteobacteria › Enterobacterales › Enterobacteriaceae › Escherichia › |
Proteomesi |
|
Subcellular locationi
- Cell inner membrane UniRule annotation1 Publication; Peripheral membrane protein UniRule annotation1 Publication
GO - Cellular componenti
- plasma membrane Source: EcoCyc
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cell inner membrane, Cell membrane, MembranePathology & Biotechi
Disruption phenotypei
Cells lacking this gene lose the ability to grow on L-lactate as the sole source of carbon and energy, but can still utilize D-lactate.1 Publication
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000206335 | 1 – 396 | L-lactate dehydrogenaseAdd BLAST | 396 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P33232 |
PaxDbi | P33232 |
PRIDEi | P33232 |
Expressioni
Inductioni
Is induced by aerobic growth on L-lactate, but not by aerobic growth on D-lactate or glycerol or by anaerobic growth on glucose.2 Publications
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Forms homooligomers.
1 PublicationProtein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4262561, 51 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-10108N |
IntActi | P33232, 16 interactors |
MINTi | P33232 |
STRINGi | 511145.b3605 |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 1 – 380 | FMN hydroxy acid dehydrogenaseUniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 380 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.UniRule annotation
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG1304, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_020639_0_0_6 |
InParanoidi | P33232 |
PhylomeDBi | P33232 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd02809, alpha_hydroxyacid_oxid_FMN, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 3.20.20.70, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_01559, L_lact_dehydr, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR013785, Aldolase_TIM IPR012133, Alpha-hydoxy_acid_DH_FMN IPR000262, FMN-dep_DH IPR037396, FMN_HAD IPR008259, FMN_hydac_DH_AS IPR020920, LldD |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01070, FMN_dh, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF000138, Al-hdrx_acd_dh, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00557, FMN_HYDROXY_ACID_DH_1, 1 hit PS51349, FMN_HYDROXY_ACID_DH_2, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
P33232-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MIISAASDYR AAAQRILPPF LFHYMDGGAY SEYTLRRNVE DLSEVALRQR
60 70 80 90 100
ILKNMSDLSL ETTLFNEKLS MPVALAPVGL CGMYARRGEV QAAKAADAHG
110 120 130 140 150
IPFTLSTVSV CPIEEVAPAI KRPMWFQLYV LRDRGFMRNA LERAKAAGCS
160 170 180 190 200
TLVFTVDMPT PGARYRDAHS GMSGPNAAMR RYLQAVTHPQ WAWDVGLNGR
210 220 230 240 250
PHDLGNISAY LGKPTGLEDY IGWLGNNFDP SISWKDLEWI RDFWDGPMVI
260 270 280 290 300
KGILDPEDAR DAVRFGADGI VVSNHGGRQL DGVLSSARAL PAIADAVKGD
310 320 330 340 350
IAILADSGIR NGLDVVRMIA LGADTVLLGR AFLYALATAG QAGVANLLNL
360 370 380 390
IEKEMKVAMT LTGAKSISEI TQDSLVQGLG KELPAALAPM AKGNAA
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | L13970 Unassigned DNA Translation: AAA03585.1 U00039 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB18582.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC76629.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAE77687.1 |
PIRi | C49904 |
RefSeqi | NP_418062.1, NC_000913.3 WP_000586962.1, NZ_SSZK01000022.1 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC76629; AAC76629; b3605 BAE77687; BAE77687; BAE77687 |
GeneIDi | 948121 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW3580 eco:b3605 |
PATRICi | fig|1411691.4.peg.3101 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | L13970 Unassigned DNA Translation: AAA03585.1 U00039 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB18582.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC76629.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAE77687.1 |
PIRi | C49904 |
RefSeqi | NP_418062.1, NC_000913.3 WP_000586962.1, NZ_SSZK01000022.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P33232 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4262561, 51 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-10108N |
IntActi | P33232, 16 interactors |
MINTi | P33232 |
STRINGi | 511145.b3605 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P33232 |
PaxDbi | P33232 |
PRIDEi | P33232 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC76629; AAC76629; b3605 BAE77687; BAE77687; BAE77687 |
GeneIDi | 948121 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW3580 eco:b3605 |
PATRICi | fig|1411691.4.peg.3101 |
Organism-specific databases
EchoBASEi | EB1906 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG1304, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_020639_0_0_6 |
InParanoidi | P33232 |
PhylomeDBi | P33232 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | EcoCyc:L-LACTDEHYDROGFMN-MONOMER MetaCyc:L-LACTDEHYDROGFMN-MONOMER |
SABIO-RKi | P33232 |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:P33232 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd02809, alpha_hydroxyacid_oxid_FMN, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 3.20.20.70, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_01559, L_lact_dehydr, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR013785, Aldolase_TIM IPR012133, Alpha-hydoxy_acid_DH_FMN IPR000262, FMN-dep_DH IPR037396, FMN_HAD IPR008259, FMN_hydac_DH_AS IPR020920, LldD |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01070, FMN_dh, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF000138, Al-hdrx_acd_dh, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00557, FMN_HYDROXY_ACID_DH_1, 1 hit PS51349, FMN_HYDROXY_ACID_DH_2, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | LLDD_ECOLI | |
Accessioni | P33232Primary (citable) accession number: P33232 Secondary accession number(s): Q2M7R9 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | February 1, 1994 |
Last sequence update: | February 1, 1994 | |
Last modified: | December 2, 2020 | |
This is version 161 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families