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UniProtKB - P32960 (RACX_BACSU)

Entry version 126 (02 Jun 2021)
Sequence version 2 (14 Apr 2009)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Broad specificity amino-acid racemase RacX

Gene

racX

Organism
Bacillus subtilis (strain 168)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Amino-acid racemase able to utilize a broad range of substrates. Preferentially catalyzes the epimerization of LL-diaminopimelate, as well as the racemization of D-lysine, L-arginine, L-ornithine, L-lysine and D-arginine. Has lower activity against D-ornithine, L-histidine, L-alanine, L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, L-serine, L-glutamine, L-methionine, L-asparagine and L-homoserine. Has weak activity against L-norleucine, L-aminobutyric acid and L-norvaline. Has no activity toward nine L-amino acids (Thr, Glu, Asp, Val, Leu, Ile, Trp, Cit and Aad) (PubMed:28894939).

D-amino acids might be used as components of peptidoglycan and/or be involved in peptidoglycan metabolism and remodeling (PubMed:8491712, PubMed:28894939).

2 Publications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityi

<p>This subsection of the 'Function' section describes biophysical and chemical properties, such as maximal absorption, kinetic parameters, pH dependence, redox potentials and temperature dependence.<p><a href='/help/biophysicochemical_properties' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Kineticsi

kcat is 0.08 min(-1) with L-lysine as substrate. kcat is 0.224 min(-1) with D-lysine as substrate.1 Publication
  1. KM=27.9 mM for L-lysine1 Publication
  2. KM=69.3 mM for D-lysine1 Publication
  1. Vmax=2.99 nmol/min/mg enzyme with L-lysine as substrate1 Publication
  2. Vmax=8.42 nmol/min/mg enzyme with D-lysine as substrate1 Publication

pH dependencei

Optimum pH is 8.5 with L-lysine as substrate.1 Publication

Temperature dependencei

Optimum temperature is 37 degrees Celsius.1 Publication

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section is used for enzymes and indicates the residues directly involved in catalysis.<p><a href='/help/act_site' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Active sitei82Proton donor/acceptorBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei161SubstrateBy similarity1
Active sitei191Proton donor/acceptorBy similarity1

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionIsomerase
Biological processSporulation

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCyc Collection of Pathway/Genome Databases

More...BioCyci		BSUB:BSU34430-MONOMER

BRENDA Comprehensive Enzyme Information System

More...BRENDAi		5.1.1.10, 658

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Broad specificity amino-acid racemase RacXCurated (EC:5.1.1.101 Publication)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:racX
Ordered Locus Names:BSU34430
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiBacillus subtilis (strain 168)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri224308 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiBacteria › Firmicutes › Bacilli › Bacillales › Bacillaceae › Bacillus ›
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000001570 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes_manual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00000955361 – 227Broad specificity amino-acid racemase RacXAdd BLAST227

Proteomic databases

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P32960

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of the gene product at various stages of a cell, tissue or organism development. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at the protein level'.<p><a href='/help/developmental_stage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Developmental stagei

Weakly expressed during vegetative growth and significantly induced at the onset of sporulation.1 Publication

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Homodimer.

1 Publication

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		224308.BSU34430

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P32960

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni51 – 53Substrate bindingBy similarity3
Regioni83 – 85Substrate bindingBy similarity3

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the aspartate/glutamate racemases family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		COG1794, Bacteria

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P32960

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		SFIAMPC

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P32960

Family and domain databases

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR015942, Asp/Glu/hydantoin_racemase
IPR001920, Asp/Glu_race
IPR018187, Asp/Glu_racemase_AS_1
IPR033134, Asp/Glu_racemase_AS_2
IPR004380, Asp_race

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF01177, Asp_Glu_race, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF53681, SSF53681, 2 hits

TIGRFAMs; a protein family database

More...TIGRFAMsi		TIGR00035, asp_race, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS00923, ASP_GLU_RACEMASE_1, 1 hit
PS00924, ASP_GLU_RACEMASE_2, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequencei

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

P32960-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MIGILAGMGP KSTSPFIDKV IDYCQKLYGA SNDIDYPHMM IYSCPTPFYA 
        60         70         80         90        100
DRPIDHDEMK KAIIDGAVKL EKTGVDFIAL PCNTAHVYYE EIQQALSVPM 
       110        120        130        140        150
LHIVEETIKE IPHPAKKAVV LGTEPTIQSA IYQKVLKGNG QEVIHKDHWQ 
       160        170        180        190        200
QAVNQLIAAI KQPNHMQHTQ ALWQTLYEEI SQHADIIISA CTDLNAVLDH 
       210        220 
IQSEIPIIDS SACLAKSTVS TYLAYQS
Length:227
Mass (Da):25,286
Last modified:April 14, 2009 - v2
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:iB950A307C94B1D36
GO

<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautioni

The sequence AAA22641 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.Curated

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
L10629 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA22641.1 Different initiation.
Z94043 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB08017.1
AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB15448.1

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		B36908

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_391323.1, NC_000964.3
WP_003244427.1, NZ_JNCM01000033.1

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl bacterial and archaeal genome annotation project

More...EnsemblBacteriai		CAB15448; CAB15448; BSU_34430

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		938575

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		bsu:BSU34430

Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC)

More...PATRICi		fig|224308.179.peg.3730

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
L10629 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA22641.1 Different initiation.
Z94043 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB08017.1
AL009126 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB15448.1
PIRiB36908
RefSeqiNP_391323.1, NC_000964.3
WP_003244427.1, NZ_JNCM01000033.1

3D structure databases

SMRiP32960
ModBaseiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGi224308.BSU34430

Proteomic databases

PaxDbiP32960

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblBacteriaiCAB15448; CAB15448; BSU_34430
GeneIDi938575
KEGGibsu:BSU34430
PATRICifig|224308.179.peg.3730

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiCOG1794, Bacteria
InParanoidiP32960
OMAiSFIAMPC
PhylomeDBiP32960

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCyciBSUB:BSU34430-MONOMER
BRENDAi5.1.1.10, 658

Family and domain databases

InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR015942, Asp/Glu/hydantoin_racemase
IPR001920, Asp/Glu_race
IPR018187, Asp/Glu_racemase_AS_1
IPR033134, Asp/Glu_racemase_AS_2
IPR004380, Asp_race
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF01177, Asp_Glu_race, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF53681, SSF53681, 2 hits
TIGRFAMsiTIGR00035, asp_race, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS00923, ASP_GLU_RACEMASE_1, 1 hit
PS00924, ASP_GLU_RACEMASE_2, 1 hit

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiRACX_BACSU
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P32960
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: October 1, 1993
Last sequence update: April 14, 2009
Last modified: June 2, 2021
This is version 126 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programProkaryotic Protein Annotation Program

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

Reference proteome

Documents

  1. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
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