UniProtKB - P31941 (ABC3A_HUMAN)
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A
APOBEC3A
Functioni
DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) with restriction activity against viruses, foreign DNA and mobility of retrotransposons. Exhibits antiviral activity against adeno-associated virus (AAV) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and may inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and can deaminate both methylcytosine and cytosine in foreign DNA. Can induce somatic hypermutation in the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the process of active DNA demethylation.
12 PublicationsMiscellaneous
Catalytic activityi
- a 2'-deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA + H+ + H2O = a 2'-deoxyuridine in single-stranded DNA + NH4+4 PublicationsEC:3.5.4.384 Publications
Cofactori
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Metal bindingi | 70 | Zinc; catalyticBy similarity | 1 | |
Active sitei | 72 | Proton donorBy similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 101 | Zinc; catalyticBy similarity | 1 | |
Metal bindingi | 106 | Zinc; catalyticBy similarity | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- cytidine deaminase activity Source: UniProtKB
- deoxycytidine deaminase activity Source: UniProtKB
- RNA binding Source: GO_Central
- zinc ion binding Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus Source: UniProtKB
- clearance of foreign intracellular DNA Source: UniProtKB
- cytidine to uridine editing Source: GO_Central
- defense response to virus Source: UniProtKB
- DNA cytosine deamination Source: UniProtKB
- DNA demethylation Source: UniProtKB
- innate immune response Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate Source: GO_Central
- negative regulation of transposition Source: UniProtKB
- negative regulation of viral genome replication Source: UniProtKB
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Hydrolase |
Biological process | Antiviral defense, Immunity, Innate immunity |
Ligand | Metal-binding, Zinc |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 3.5.4.38, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P31941 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-72200, mRNA Editing: C to U Conversion R-HSA-75094, Formation of the Editosome |
SignaLinki | P31941 |
SIGNORi | P31941 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A (EC:3.5.4.384 Publications)Short name: A3A Alternative name(s): Phorbolin-1 |
Gene namesi | Name:APOBEC3A |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:17343, APOBEC3A |
MIMi | 607109, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P31941 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000128383 |
Subcellular locationi
Nucleus
- nucleoplasm Source: HPA
- nucleus Source: UniProtKB
Other locations
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cytoplasm, NucleusPathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 28 | R → E: No effect on deaminase activity despite an altered restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 29 | H → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 30 | K → F: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 57 | N → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 60 | K → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 69 | R → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 70 | H → R: Altered deaminase activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 72 | E → Q: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 2 Publications | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 98 | W → L: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 106 | C → S: Altered deaminase activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 128 | R → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 130 | Y → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 131 | D → N: No effect on deaminase activity despite an altered restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 133 | D → N: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 136 | Y → A: Altered deaminase activity and restriction activity towards genetic invaders. 1 Publication | 1 |
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 100913187 200315 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000128383 |
PharmGKBi | PA24891 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P31941, Tchem |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL1741179 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | APOBEC3A |
DMDMi | 12644206 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000171752 | 1 – 199 | DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3AAdd BLAST | 199 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P31941 |
MassIVEi | P31941 |
MaxQBi | P31941 |
PaxDbi | P31941 |
PeptideAtlasi | P31941 |
PRIDEi | P31941 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54806 [P31941-1] 54807 [P31941-2] |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P31941 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P31941 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Inductioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000128383, Expressed in blood and 159 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P31941, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P31941, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000128383, Group enriched (bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, urinary bladder) |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Interacts with AGO2.
Interacts with TRIB3 (via N-terminus).
2 PublicationsBinary interactionsi
P31941
With | #Exp. | IntAct |
---|---|---|
HAGH - isoform 2 [Q16775-2] | 3 | EBI-13050366,EBI-17557678 |
STAMBP [O95630] | 3 | EBI-13050366,EBI-396676 |
C [Q784Z8] from Hepatitis B virus. | 4 | EBI-13050366,EBI-11666471 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 128318, 14 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-61365N |
IntActi | P31941, 5 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000384359 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P31941 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P31941, protein |
Structurei
Secondary structure
3D structure databases
AlphaFoldDBi | P31941 |
BMRBi | P31941 |
SMRi | P31941 |
ModBasei | Search... |
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 27 – 143 | CMP/dCMP-type deaminasePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 117 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG4075, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000164701 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_080056_2_0_1 |
OMAi | CYEVELP |
PhylomeDBi | P31941 |
TreeFami | TF331356 |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR016192, APOBEC/CMP_deaminase_Zn-bd IPR002125, CMP_dCMP_dom IPR016193, Cytidine_deaminase-like |
SUPFAMi | SSF53927, SSF53927, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00903, CYT_DCMP_DEAMINASES_1, 1 hit PS51747, CYT_DCMP_DEAMINASES_2, 1 hit |
s (2)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
This entry describes 2 produced by isoformsialternative initiation. AlignAdd to basketThis isoform has been chosen as the sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. canonicali
10 20 30 40 50
MEASPASGPR HLMDPHIFTS NFNNGIGRHK TYLCYEVERL DNGTSVKMDQ
60 70 80 90 100
HRGFLHNQAK NLLCGFYGRH AELRFLDLVP SLQLDPAQIY RVTWFISWSP
110 120 130 140 150
CFSWGCAGEV RAFLQENTHV RLRIFAARIY DYDPLYKEAL QMLRDAGAQV
160 170 180 190
SIMTYDEFKH CWDTFVDHQG CPFQPWDGLD EHSQALSGRL RAILQNQGN
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_048721 | 19 | T → A. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs17000556Ensembl. | 1 |
Alternative sequence
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequenceiVSP_041723 | 1 – 12 | Missing in isoform 2. CuratedAdd BLAST | 12 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | U03891 mRNA Translation: AAA03706.2 CR456393 mRNA Translation: CAG30279.1 AL022318 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC126416 mRNA Translation: AAI26417.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS13981.1 [P31941-1] |
PIRi | G01233 |
RefSeqi | NP_001180218.1, NM_001193289.1 [P31941-1] NP_663745.1, NM_145699.3 [P31941-1] |
Genome annotation databases
Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi
Alternative initiationSimilar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | U03891 mRNA Translation: AAA03706.2 CR456393 mRNA Translation: CAG30279.1 AL022318 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC126416 mRNA Translation: AAI26417.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS13981.1 [P31941-1] |
PIRi | G01233 |
RefSeqi | NP_001180218.1, NM_001193289.1 [P31941-1] NP_663745.1, NM_145699.3 [P31941-1] |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
2M65 | NMR | - | A | 1-199 | [»] | |
4XXO | X-ray | 2.84 | A/B | 1-199 | [»] | |
5KEG | X-ray | 2.20 | A | 1-199 | [»] | |
5SWW | X-ray | 3.15 | A/B/C/D | 1-196 | [»] | |
7D3V | NMR | - | A/B | 1-199 | [»] | |
7D3W | NMR | - | A | 1-199 | [»] | |
7D3X | NMR | - | A | 1-199 | [»] | |
AlphaFoldDBi | P31941 | |||||
BMRBi | P31941 | |||||
SMRi | P31941 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 128318, 14 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-61365N |
IntActi | P31941, 5 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000384359 |
Chemistry databases
BindingDBi | P31941 |
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL1741179 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P31941 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P31941 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | APOBEC3A |
DMDMi | 12644206 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P31941 |
MassIVEi | P31941 |
MaxQBi | P31941 |
PaxDbi | P31941 |
PeptideAtlasi | P31941 |
PRIDEi | P31941 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54806 [P31941-1] 54807 [P31941-2] |
Protocols and materials databases
ABCDi | P31941, 1 sequenced antibody |
Antibodypediai | 26513, 252 antibodies from 33 providers |
DNASUi | 200315 |
Genome annotation databases
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 100913187 200315 |
DisGeNETi | 100913187 200315 |
GeneCardsi | APOBEC3A |
HGNCi | HGNC:17343, APOBEC3A |
HPAi | ENSG00000128383, Group enriched (bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, urinary bladder) |
MIMi | 607109, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P31941 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000128383 |
PharmGKBi | PA24891 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000128383 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG4075, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000164701 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_080056_2_0_1 |
OMAi | CYEVELP |
PhylomeDBi | P31941 |
TreeFami | TF331356 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDAi | 3.5.4.38, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P31941 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-72200, mRNA Editing: C to U Conversion R-HSA-75094, Formation of the Editosome |
SignaLinki | P31941 |
SIGNORi | P31941 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 100913187, 2 hits in 77 CRISPR screens 200315, 9 hits in 1063 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | APOBEC3A, human |
Pharosi | P31941, Tchem |
PROi | PR:P31941 |
RNActi | P31941, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000128383, Expressed in blood and 159 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P31941, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P31941, HS |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR016192, APOBEC/CMP_deaminase_Zn-bd IPR002125, CMP_dCMP_dom IPR016193, Cytidine_deaminase-like |
SUPFAMi | SSF53927, SSF53927, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00903, CYT_DCMP_DEAMINASES_1, 1 hit PS51747, CYT_DCMP_DEAMINASES_2, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | ABC3A_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P31941Primary (citable) accession number: P31941 Secondary accession number(s): A0AVM1 Q9UH18 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 1, 1993 |
Last sequence update: | January 11, 2001 | |
Last modified: | May 25, 2022 | |
This is version 184 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 22
Human chromosome 22: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families