UniProtKB - P27249 (GLND_ECOLI)
Protein
Bifunctional uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzyme
Gene
glnD
Organism
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Status
Functioni
Modifies, by uridylylation and deuridylylation, the PII regulatory proteins GlnB and GlnK, in response to the nitrogen status of the cell that GlnD senses through the glutamine level. Under low glutamine levels, catalyzes the conversion of the PII proteins and UTP to PII-UMP and PPi, while under higher glutamine levels, GlnD hydrolyzes PII-UMP to PII and UMP (deuridylylation). Thus, controls uridylylation state and activity of the PII proteins, and plays an important role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation and metabolism.5 Publications
Miscellaneous
The transferase reaction proceeds by an ordered bi-bi kinetic mechanism, with PII binding before UTP and pyrophosphate (PPi) released before PII-UMP. The uridylyl-removing reaction proceeds with rapid equilibrium binding of substrate and random release of products (PubMed:9737855).1 Publication
Catalytic activityi
- EC:2.7.7.59UniRule annotation
Cofactori
Mg2+UniRule annotation1 PublicationNote: Mg2+ appears to be the physiologically relevant metal ion cofactor for both transferase and uridylyl-removing activities.UniRule annotation1 Publication
Activity regulationi
Uridylyltransferase (UTase) activity is inhibited by glutamine, while glutamine activates uridylyl-removing (UR) activity. Both reactions are activated by ATP and 2-ketoglutarate, via the binding of these effector molecules to the substrates PII and PII-UMP.UniRule annotation4 Publications
Kineticsi
kcat is 137 min(-1) for the UTase reaction. kcat is 2.7 min(-1) for the UR reaction in the absence of glutamine, and 6.5 min(-1) in the presence of 2.5 mM glutamine.
- KM=3.0 µM for GlnB protein1 Publication
- KM=40 µM for UTP1 Publication
- KM=2.3 µM for uridylyl-[protein-PII] (in the absence of glutamine)1 Publication
- KM=0.82 µM for uridylyl-[protein-PII] (in the presence of 2.5 mM glutamine)1 Publication
GO - Molecular functioni
- [protein-PII] uridylyltransferase activity Source: EcoCyc
- phosphoric diester hydrolase activity Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
GO - Biological processi
- cellular protein modification process Source: EcoCyc
- regulation of nitrogen utilization Source: UniProtKB-UniRule
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Hydrolase, Multifunctional enzyme, Nucleotidyltransferase, Transferase |
Ligand | Magnesium |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | EcoCyc:GLND-MONOMER MetaCyc:GLND-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 2.7.7.59, 2026 |
SABIO-RKi | P27249 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Bifunctional uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzymeUniRule annotationShort name: UTase/URUniRule annotation Alternative name(s): Bifunctional [protein-PII] modification enzymeUniRule annotation Bifunctional nitrogen sensor proteinUniRule annotation Including the following 2 domains: |
Gene namesi | Name:glnDUniRule annotation Ordered Locus Names:b0167, JW0162 |
Organismi | Escherichia coli (strain K12) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 83333 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Gammaproteobacteria › Enterobacterales › Enterobacteriaceae › Escherichia › |
Proteomesi |
|
Pathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 93 | G → L or V: Loss of UTase activity, while no significant effect on UR activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 94 | G → D: Loss of UTase activity, while no significant effect on UR activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 107 | D → A, V or Y: Loss of UTase activity, while no significant effect on UR activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 514 – 515 | HD → AA or QN: Loss of UR activity, while no significant effect on UTase activity. 1 Publication | 2 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000192732 | 1 – 890 | Bifunctional uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzymeAdd BLAST | 890 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P27249 |
PaxDbi | P27249 |
PRIDEi | P27249 |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Monomer. Can also form homooligomers that are much less active.
1 PublicationBinary interactionsi
Hide detailsProtein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4259747, 20 interactors 849263, 3 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-9779N |
IntActi | P27249, 24 interactors |
STRINGi | 511145.b0167 |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 468 – 590 | HDPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 123 | |
Domaini | 709 – 789 | ACT 1UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 81 | |
Domaini | 816 – 890 | ACT 2UniRule annotationAdd BLAST | 75 |
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 1 – 349 | UridylyltransferaseAdd BLAST | 349 | |
Regioni | 350 – 708 | Uridylyl-removingAdd BLAST | 359 |
Domaini
Has four distinct domains: an N-terminal nucleotidyltransferase (NT) domain responsible for UTase activity, a central HD domain that encodes UR activity, and two C-terminal ACT domains that seem to have a role in glutamine sensing.UniRule annotation1 Publication
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the GlnD family.UniRule annotation
Keywords - Domaini
RepeatPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG2844, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_012833_0_0_6 |
InParanoidi | P27249 |
PhylomeDBi | P27249 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00077, HDc, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_00277, PII_uridylyl_transf, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR002912, ACT_dom IPR003607, HD/PDEase_dom IPR006674, HD_domain IPR043519, NT_sf IPR013546, PII_UdlTrfase/GS_AdlTrfase IPR002934, Polymerase_NTP_transf_dom IPR010043, UTase/UR |
PANTHERi | PTHR47320, PTHR47320, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01842, ACT, 2 hits PF08335, GlnD_UR_UTase, 1 hit PF01966, HD, 1 hit PF01909, NTP_transf_2, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF006288, PII_uridyltransf, 1 hit |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00471, HDc, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF81301, SSF81301, 1 hit |
TIGRFAMsi | TIGR01693, UTase_glnD, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51671, ACT, 2 hits PS51831, HD, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
P27249-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MNTLPEQYAN TALPTLPGQP QNPCVWPRDE LTVGGIKAHI DTFQRWLGDA
60 70 80 90 100
FDNGISAEQL IEARTEFIDQ LLQRLWIEAG FSQIADLALV AVGGYGRGEL
110 120 130 140 150
HPLSDVDLLI LSRKKLPDDQ AQKVGELLTL LWDVKLEVGH SVRTLEECML
160 170 180 190 200
EGLSDLTVAT NLIESRLLIG DVALFLELQK HIFSEGFWPS DKFYAAKVEE
210 220 230 240 250
QNQRHQRYHG TSYNLEPDIK SSPGGLRDIH TLQWVARRHF GATSLDEMVG
260 270 280 290 300
FGFLTSAERA ELNECLHILW RIRFALHLVV SRYDNRLLFD RQLSVAQRLN
310 320 330 340 350
YSGEGNEPVE RMMKDYFRVT RRVSELNQML LQLFDEAILA LPADEKPRPI
360 370 380 390 400
DDEFQLRGTL IDLRDETLFM RQPEAILRMF YTMVHNSAIT GIYSTTLRQL
410 420 430 440 450
RHARRHLQQP LCNIPEARKL FLSILRHPGA VRRGLLPMHR HSVLGAYMPQ
460 470 480 490 500
WSHIVGQMQF DLFHAYTVDE HTIRVMLKLE SFASEETRQR HPLCVDVWPR
510 520 530 540 550
LPSTELIFIA ALFHDIAKGR GGDHSILGAQ DVVHFAELHG LNSRETQLVA
560 570 580 590 600
WLVRQHLLMS VTAQRRDIQD PEVIKQFAEE VQTENRLRYL VCLTVADICA
610 620 630 640 650
TNETLWNSWK QSLLRELYFA TEKQLRRGMQ NTPDMRERVR HHQLQALALL
660 670 680 690 700
RMDNIDEEAL HQIWSRCRAN YFVRHSPNQL AWHARHLLQH DLSKPLVLLS
710 720 730 740 750
PQATRGGTEI FIWSPDRPYL FAAVCAELDR RNLSVHDAQI FTTRDGMAMD
760 770 780 790 800
TFIVLEPDGN PLSADRHEVI RFGLEQVLTQ SSWQPPQPRR QPAKLRHFTV
810 820 830 840 850
ETEVTFLPTH TDRKSFLELI ALDQPGLLAR VGKIFADLGI SLHGARITTI
860 870 880 890
GERVEDLFII ATADRRALNN ELQQEVHQRL TEALNPNDKG
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 47 | L → S in AAA23878 (Ref. 1) Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 225 | G → A (PubMed:8202364).Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 357 – 358 | RG → TR in AAA23878 (Ref. 1) Curated | 2 | |
Sequence conflicti | 523 | D → H in AAA23878 (Ref. 1) Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 703 | A → R in CAA79887 (PubMed:8412694).Curated | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | M96431 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA23878.1 Z21842 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA79887.1 U70214 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB08596.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC73278.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAE76045.1 |
PIRi | G64740 |
RefSeqi | NP_414709.1, NC_000913.3 WP_001094586.1, NZ_SSZK01000004.1 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC73278; AAC73278; b0167 BAE76045; BAE76045; BAE76045 |
GeneIDi | 944863 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW0162 eco:b0167 |
PATRICi | fig|1411691.4.peg.2114 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | M96431 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA23878.1 Z21842 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA79887.1 U70214 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB08596.1 U00096 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC73278.1 AP009048 Genomic DNA Translation: BAE76045.1 |
PIRi | G64740 |
RefSeqi | NP_414709.1, NC_000913.3 WP_001094586.1, NZ_SSZK01000004.1 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P27249 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 4259747, 20 interactors 849263, 3 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-9779N |
IntActi | P27249, 24 interactors |
STRINGi | 511145.b0167 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P27249 |
PaxDbi | P27249 |
PRIDEi | P27249 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteriai | AAC73278; AAC73278; b0167 BAE76045; BAE76045; BAE76045 |
GeneIDi | 944863 |
KEGGi | ecj:JW0162 eco:b0167 |
PATRICi | fig|1411691.4.peg.2114 |
Organism-specific databases
EchoBASEi | EB1383 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | COG2844, Bacteria |
HOGENOMi | CLU_012833_0_0_6 |
InParanoidi | P27249 |
PhylomeDBi | P27249 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | EcoCyc:GLND-MONOMER MetaCyc:GLND-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 2.7.7.59, 2026 |
SABIO-RKi | P27249 |
Miscellaneous databases
PROi | PR:P27249 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00077, HDc, 1 hit |
HAMAPi | MF_00277, PII_uridylyl_transf, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR002912, ACT_dom IPR003607, HD/PDEase_dom IPR006674, HD_domain IPR043519, NT_sf IPR013546, PII_UdlTrfase/GS_AdlTrfase IPR002934, Polymerase_NTP_transf_dom IPR010043, UTase/UR |
PANTHERi | PTHR47320, PTHR47320, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF01842, ACT, 2 hits PF08335, GlnD_UR_UTase, 1 hit PF01966, HD, 1 hit PF01909, NTP_transf_2, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF006288, PII_uridyltransf, 1 hit |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00471, HDc, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF81301, SSF81301, 1 hit |
TIGRFAMsi | TIGR01693, UTase_glnD, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51671, ACT, 2 hits PS51831, HD, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | GLND_ECOLI | |
Accessioni | P27249Primary (citable) accession number: P27249 Secondary accession number(s): Q2MCG1 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | August 1, 1992 |
Last sequence update: | June 1, 1994 | |
Last modified: | December 2, 2020 | |
This is version 180 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families