UniProtKB - P24298 (ALAT1_HUMAN)
Protein
Alanine aminotransferase 1
Gene
GPT
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity).By similarity
Catalytic activityi
- EC:2.6.1.2
Cofactori
: L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway Pathwayi
This protein is involved in step 1 of the subpathway that synthesizes pyruvate from L-alanine.Proteins known to be involved in this subpathway in this organism are:
- Alanine aminotransferase 2 (GPT2), Alanine aminotransferase 1 (GPT)
View all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the subpathway that synthesizes pyruvate from L-alanine, the pathway L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway and in Amino-acid degradation.
GO - Molecular functioni
- L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity Source: UniProtKB
- pyridoxal phosphate binding Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- cellular amino acid biosynthetic process Source: Reactome
- cellular response to insulin stimulus Source: Ensembl
- L-alanine catabolic process Source: UniProtKB-UniPathway
- positive regulation of gluconeogenesis Source: Ensembl
- response to starvation Source: Ensembl
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Aminotransferase, Transferase |
Ligand | Pyridoxal phosphate |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:HS09610-MONOMER |
PathwayCommonsi | P24298 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-8964540, Alanine metabolism |
UniPathwayi | UPA00528;UER00586 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Alanine aminotransferase 1 (EC:2.6.1.2)Short name: ALT1 Alternative name(s): Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 1 Short name: GPT 1 Glutamic--alanine transaminase 1 Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase 1 |
Gene namesi | Name:GPT Synonyms:AAT1, GPT1 |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:4552, GPT |
MIMi | 138200, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P24298 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000167701.13 |
Subcellular locationi
Other locations
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: Reactome
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular exosome Source: UniProtKB
Keywords - Cellular componenti
CytoplasmPathology & Biotechi
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 2875 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000167701 |
PharmGKBi | PA28947 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P24298, Tbio |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5929 |
DrugBanki | DB00160, Alanine DB00142, Glutamic acid DB00780, Phenelzine DB00114, Pyridoxal phosphate |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | GPT |
DMDMi | 46577683 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methioninei | Removed1 Publication | |||
ChainiPRO_0000123933 | 2 – 496 | Alanine aminotransferase 1Add BLAST | 495 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 2 | N-acetylalanine1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 22 | PhosphothreonineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 314 | N6-(pyridoxal phosphate)lysineBy similarity | 1 |
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, PhosphoproteinProteomic databases
EPDi | P24298 |
jPOSTi | P24298 |
MassIVEi | P24298 |
MaxQBi | P24298 |
PaxDbi | P24298 |
PeptideAtlasi | P24298 |
PRIDEi | P24298 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54194 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P24298 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P24298 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Liver, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscles. Expressed at moderate levels in the adipose tissue.1 Publication
Inductioni
By glucocorticoids.
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000167701, Expressed in right lobe of liver and 145 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | P24298, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000167701, Tissue enhanced (liver, skeletal muscle) |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Homodimer.
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 109133, 6 interactors |
IntActi | P24298, 3 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000378408 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P24298, protein |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0258, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000155265 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_014254_3_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P24298 |
OMAi | NMDAEVQ |
OrthoDBi | 477122at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P24298 |
TreeFami | TF300839 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.640.10, 1 hit 3.90.1150.10, 2 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004839, Aminotransferase_I/II IPR015424, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase IPR015422, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_dom1 IPR015421, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00155, Aminotran_1_2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53383, SSF53383, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P24298-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MASSTGDRSQ AVRHGLRAKV LTLDGMNPRV RRVEYAVRGP IVQRALELEQ
60 70 80 90 100
ELRQGVKKPF TEVIRANIGD AQAMGQRPIT FLRQVLALCV NPDLLSSPNF
110 120 130 140 150
PDDAKKRAER ILQACGGHSL GAYSVSSGIQ LIREDVARYI ERRDGGIPAD
160 170 180 190 200
PNNVFLSTGA SDAIVTVLKL LVAGEGHTRT GVLIPIPQYP LYSATLAELG
210 220 230 240 250
AVQVDYYLDE ERAWALDVAE LHRALGQARD HCRPRALCVI NPGNPTGQVQ
260 270 280 290 300
TRECIEAVIR FAFEERLFLL ADEVYQDNVY AAGSQFHSFK KVLMEMGPPY
310 320 330 340 350
AGQQELASFH STSKGYMGEC GFRGGYVEVV NMDAAVQQQM LKLMSVRLCP
360 370 380 390 400
PVPGQALLDL VVSPPAPTDP SFAQFQAEKQ AVLAELAAKA KLTEQVFNEA
410 420 430 440 450
PGISCNPVQG AMYSFPRVQL PPRAVERAQE LGLAPDMFFC LRLLEETGIC
460 470 480 490
VVPGSGFGQR EGTYHFRMTI LPPLEKLRLL LEKLSRFHAK FTLEYS
Experimental Info
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflicti | 4 – 7 | STGD → RRGN in BAA01186 (Ref. 7) Curated | 4 | |
Sequence conflicti | 39 | G → S in BAA01186 (Ref. 7) Curated | 1 | |
Sequence conflicti | 222 | H → A AA sequence (PubMed:1931970).Curated | 1 |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_000561 | 14 | H → N in allele GPT*2. 2 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1063739Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_075711 | 430 | E → Q Found in patient with Joubert syndrome; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs141505249EnsemblClinVar. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_075712 | 452 | V → L Found in patient with Joubert syndrome; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs147998249EnsemblClinVar. | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | U70732 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC51155.1 BT006992 mRNA Translation: AAP35638.1 EF444981 Genomic DNA Translation: ACA05996.1 CH471162 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW82077.1 CH471162 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW82078.1 BC018207 mRNA Translation: AAH18207.1 D10355 mRNA Translation: BAA01186.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS6430.1 |
PIRi | A40465 |
RefSeqi | NP_005300.1, NM_005309.2 XP_011515295.1, XM_011516993.2 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000394955; ENSP00000378408; ENSG00000167701 ENST00000528431; ENSP00000433586; ENSG00000167701 |
GeneIDi | 2875 |
KEGGi | hsa:2875 |
UCSCi | uc003zdh.5, human |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Web resourcesi
SHMPD The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database |
Wikipedia Alanine transaminase entry |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | U70732 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC51155.1 BT006992 mRNA Translation: AAP35638.1 EF444981 Genomic DNA Translation: ACA05996.1 CH471162 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW82077.1 CH471162 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW82078.1 BC018207 mRNA Translation: AAH18207.1 D10355 mRNA Translation: BAA01186.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS6430.1 |
PIRi | A40465 |
RefSeqi | NP_005300.1, NM_005309.2 XP_011515295.1, XM_011516993.2 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | P24298 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 109133, 6 interactors |
IntActi | P24298, 3 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000378408 |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL5929 |
DrugBanki | DB00160, Alanine DB00142, Glutamic acid DB00780, Phenelzine DB00114, Pyridoxal phosphate |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P24298 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P24298 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | GPT |
DMDMi | 46577683 |
Proteomic databases
EPDi | P24298 |
jPOSTi | P24298 |
MassIVEi | P24298 |
MaxQBi | P24298 |
PaxDbi | P24298 |
PeptideAtlasi | P24298 |
PRIDEi | P24298 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54194 |
Protocols and materials databases
Antibodypediai | 14920, 377 antibodies |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000394955; ENSP00000378408; ENSG00000167701 ENST00000528431; ENSP00000433586; ENSG00000167701 |
GeneIDi | 2875 |
KEGGi | hsa:2875 |
UCSCi | uc003zdh.5, human |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 2875 |
DisGeNETi | 2875 |
GeneCardsi | GPT |
HGNCi | HGNC:4552, GPT |
HPAi | ENSG00000167701, Tissue enhanced (liver, skeletal muscle) |
MIMi | 138200, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P24298 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000167701 |
PharmGKBi | PA28947 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000167701.13 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0258, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000155265 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_014254_3_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P24298 |
OMAi | NMDAEVQ |
OrthoDBi | 477122at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P24298 |
TreeFami | TF300839 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathwayi | UPA00528;UER00586 |
BioCyci | MetaCyc:HS09610-MONOMER |
PathwayCommonsi | P24298 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-8964540, Alanine metabolism |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 2875, 6 hits in 870 CRISPR screens |
GenomeRNAii | 2875 |
Pharosi | P24298, Tbio |
PROi | PR:P24298 |
RNActi | P24298, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000167701, Expressed in right lobe of liver and 145 other tissues |
Genevisiblei | P24298, HS |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.640.10, 1 hit 3.90.1150.10, 2 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004839, Aminotransferase_I/II IPR015424, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase IPR015422, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_dom1 IPR015421, PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00155, Aminotran_1_2, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF53383, SSF53383, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | ALAT1_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P24298Primary (citable) accession number: P24298 Secondary accession number(s): B0YJ18 Q93076 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | March 1, 1992 |
Last sequence update: | January 23, 2007 | |
Last modified: | February 10, 2021 | |
This is version 200 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 8
Human chromosome 8: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PATHWAY comments
Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants