WARS

Functionⁱ

Isoform 1, isoform 2 and T1-TrpRS have aminoacylation activity while T2-TrpRS lacks it. Isoform 2, T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS possess angiostatic activity whereas isoform 1 lacks it. T2-TrpRS inhibits fluid shear stress-activated responses of endothelial cells. Regulates ERK, Akt, and eNOS activation pathways that are associated with angiogenesis, cytoskeletal reorganization and shear stress-responsive gene expression.5 Publications

Catalytic activityⁱ

ATP + L-tryptophan + tRNA(Trp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-tryptophyl-tRNA(Trp).2 Publications

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
kinase inhibitor activity
Source: CAFA
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 22504299
protein domain specific binding
Source: CAFA
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 22504299
protein homodimerization activity
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 28369220
protein kinase binding
Source: CAFA
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 22504299
tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
- 28369220

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processⁱ

angiogenesis Source: UniProtKB-KW
negative regulation of cell proliferation
Source: ProtInc
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 1761529
negative regulation of protein kinase activity
Source: CAFA
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 22504299
negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
Source: CAFA
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 22504299
positive regulation of gene expression
Source: CAFA
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 22504299
positive regulation of protein complex assembly
Source: CAFA
Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
- 22504299
regulation of angiogenesis
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 11773625
- 11773626
regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation
Source: CAFA
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 22504299
translation
Source: ProtInc
Traceable author statementⁱ
- 1761529
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation Source: Reactome
tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation Source: GO_Central

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsⁱ

Molecular function	Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, Ligase
Biological process	Angiogenesis, Protein biosynthesis
Ligand	ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDAⁱ	6.1.1.2 2681
Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-379716 Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation

Protein family/group databases

MoonProtⁱ	P23381

MoonProtⁱ

P23381

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Protein namesⁱ	Recommended name: Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (EC:6.1.1.22 Publications) Alternative name(s): Interferon-induced protein 53 Short name: IFP53 Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase Short name: TrpRS Short name: hWRS Cleaved into the following 2 chains: T1-TrpRS T2-TrpRS
Gene namesⁱ	Name:WARS Synonyms:IFI53, WRS
Organismⁱ	Homo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifierⁱ	9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageⁱ	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Dipnotetrapodomorpha › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Boreoeutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo
Proteomesⁱ	UP000005640 Componentⁱ: Chromosome 14

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000140105.17
Human Gene Nomenclature Database More...HGNCⁱ	HGNC:12729 WARS
MIMⁱ	191050 gene
neXtProtⁱ	NX_P23381

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Cytoplasm

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Involvement in diseaseⁱ

Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, 9 (HMN9)1 Publication

The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease descriptionAn autosomal dominant neurologic disorder characterized by juvenile onset of slowly progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy affecting both the lower and upper limbs.

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Natural variantⁱVAR_080407	257	H → R in HMN9; decreased tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity; dominant negative effect; decreased general protein synthesis; decreased cell viability; no effect on homodimerization. 1 Publication		1

Keywords - Diseaseⁱ

Disease mutation, Neurodegeneration, Neuropathy

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET More...DisGeNETⁱ	7453
MalaCards human disease database More...MalaCardsⁱ	WARS
MIMⁱ	617721 phenotype
Open Targets More...OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000140105
PharmGKBⁱ	PA37340

Chemistry databases

Drug and drug target database More...DrugBankⁱ	DB00150 L-Tryptophan DB04537 L-Tryptophanamide DB01831 Tryptophanyl-5'amp

DrugBankⁱ

DB00150 L-Tryptophan
DB04537 L-Tryptophanamide
DB01831 Tryptophanyl-5'amp

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	WARS
DMDMⁱ	135191

PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Initiator methionineⁱ		RemovedCombined sources2 Publications
ChainⁱPRO_0000136738	2 – 471	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicAdd BLAST	470
ChainⁱPRO_0000386461	71 – 471	T1-TrpRSAdd BLAST	401
ChainⁱPRO_0000386462	94 – 471	T2-TrpRSAdd BLAST	378

Amino acid modifications

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Modified residueⁱ	154	N6-succinyllysineBy similarity		1
Modified residueⁱ	351	PhosphoserineCombined sources		1

Post-translational modificationⁱ

Proteolytic cleavage generates 2 forms; T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS.1 Publication

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Phosphoprotein

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	P23381
MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase More...MaxQBⁱ	P23381
PaxDbⁱ	P23381
PeptideAtlas More...PeptideAtlasⁱ	P23381
PRIDEⁱ	P23381
ProteomicsDBⁱ	54085 54086 [P23381-2]

2D gel databases

USC-OGP 2-DE database More...OGPⁱ	P23381

OGPⁱ

P23381

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	P23381
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	P23381
SwissPalmⁱ	P23381

Expressionⁱ

Inductionⁱ

By IFNG/IFN-gamma.1 Publication

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000140105 Expressed in 234 organ(s), highest expression level in epithelium of bronchus
CleanExⁱ	HS_WARS
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P23381 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	P23381 HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas More...HPAⁱ	HPA005573 HPA018944

HPAⁱ

HPA005573
HPA018944

Interactionⁱ

Subunit structureⁱ

Homodimer (PubMed:28369220). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact with an oxidized form of GAPDH. GAPDH stimulates the aminoacylation activity of isoform 2 (PubMed:15628863).2 Publications

Binary interactionsⁱ

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
CDH5	P33151	4	EBI-721244,EBI-2903122
TERF1	P54274	2	EBI-721244,EBI-710997

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

protein domain specific binding
Source: CAFA
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 22504299
protein homodimerization activity
Source: UniProtKB
Inferred from direct assayⁱ
- 28369220
protein kinase binding
Source: CAFA
Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
- 22504299

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	113292, 65 interactors
Database of interacting proteins More...DIPⁱ	DIP-29493N
IntActⁱ	P23381, 11 interactors
Molecular INTeraction database More...MINTⁱ	P23381
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000347495

Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Helixⁱ	8 – 28	Combined sources	21
Helixⁱ	33 – 53	Combined sources	21
Beta strandⁱ	54 – 56	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	84 – 86	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	89 – 91	Combined sources	3
Turnⁱ	100 – 102	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	103 – 106	Combined sources	4
Helixⁱ	114 – 124	Combined sources	11
Helixⁱ	130 – 133	Combined sources	4
Beta strandⁱ	136 – 142	Combined sources	7
Helixⁱ	143 – 150	Combined sources	8
Turnⁱ	151 – 153	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	156 – 162	Combined sources	7
Beta strandⁱ	166 – 168	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	171 – 187	Combined sources	17
Beta strandⁱ	191 – 195	Combined sources	5
Helixⁱ	197 – 203	Combined sources	7
Helixⁱ	208 – 223	Combined sources	16
Turnⁱ	224 – 226	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	229 – 231	Combined sources	3
Beta strandⁱ	232 – 236	Combined sources	5
Helixⁱ	237 – 240	Combined sources	4
Helixⁱ	241 – 243	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	247 – 256	Combined sources	10
Helixⁱ	260 – 267	Combined sources	8
Beta strandⁱ	271 – 274	Combined sources	4
Helixⁱ	275 – 285	Combined sources	11
Helixⁱ	286 – 288	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	290 – 292	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	294 – 297	Combined sources	4
Beta strandⁱ	304 – 310	Combined sources	7
Helixⁱ	311 – 313	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	314 – 323	Combined sources	10
Helixⁱ	324 – 327	Combined sources	4
Beta strandⁱ	333 – 337	Combined sources	5
Beta strandⁱ	345 – 349	Combined sources	5
Beta strandⁱ	354 – 357	Combined sources	4
Beta strandⁱ	360 – 362	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	365 – 374	Combined sources	10
Beta strandⁱ	379 – 381	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	384 – 390	Combined sources	7
Turnⁱ	394 – 396	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	398 – 406	Combined sources	9
Helixⁱ	410 – 422	Combined sources	13
Beta strandⁱ	423 – 425	Combined sources	3
Helixⁱ	430 – 450	Combined sources	21
Helixⁱ	454 – 460	Combined sources	7

Show more details

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P23381
SMRⁱ	P23381
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Miscellaneous databases

EvolutionaryTraceⁱ	P23381

EvolutionaryTraceⁱ

P23381

Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Domainⁱ	8 – 64	WHEP-TRSPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST		57

Motif

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Motifⁱ	164 – 173	"HIGH" region		10
Motifⁱ	349 – 353	"KMSKS" region		5

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG2145 Eukaryota COG0180 LUCA
Ensembl GeneTree More...GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00390000000666
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG002325
InParanoidⁱ	P23381
KEGG Orthology (KO) More...KOⁱ	K01867
OMAⁱ	ADILHPQ
Database of Orthologous Groups More...OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G09U9
PhylomeDBⁱ	P23381
TreeFamⁱ	TF105669

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database More...CDDⁱ	cd00806 TrpRS_core, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	3.40.50.620, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR001412 aa-tRNA-synth_I_CS IPR002305 aa-tRNA-synth_Ic IPR014729 Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold IPR009068 S15_NS1_RNA-bd IPR002306 Trp-tRNA-ligase IPR000738 WHEP-TRS_dom
Pfam protein domain database More...Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00579 tRNA-synt_1b, 1 hit PF00458 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR01039 TRNASYNTHTRP
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00991 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47060 SSF47060, 1 hit
TIGRFAMsⁱ	TIGR00233 trpS, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00178 AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I, 1 hit PS00762 WHEP_TRS_1, 1 hit PS51185 WHEP_TRS_2, 1 hit

Sequences (2+)ⁱ

Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 2 isoformsⁱ produced by alternative splicing. Align Add to basket

This entry has 2 described isoforms and 26 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show all Align All

Isoform 1 (identifier: P23381-1) [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MPNSEPASLL ELFNSIATQG ELVRSLKAGN ASKDEIDSAV KMLVSLKMSY 
        60         70         80         90        100
KAAAGEDYKA DCPPGNPAPT SNHGPDATEA EEDFVDPWTV QTSSAKGIDY 
       110        120        130        140        150
DKLIVRFGSS KIDKELINRI ERATGQRPHH FLRRGIFFSH RDMNQVLDAY 
       160        170        180        190        200
ENKKPFYLYT GRGPSSEAMH VGHLIPFIFT KWLQDVFNVP LVIQMTDDEK 
       210        220        230        240        250
YLWKDLTLDQ AYSYAVENAK DIIACGFDIN KTFIFSDLDY MGMSSGFYKN 
       260        270        280        290        300
VVKIQKHVTF NQVKGIFGFT DSDCIGKISF PAIQAAPSFS NSFPQIFRDR 
       310        320        330        340        350
TDIQCLIPCA IDQDPYFRMT RDVAPRIGYP KPALLHSTFF PALQGAQTKM 
       360        370        380        390        400
SASDPNSSIF LTDTAKQIKT KVNKHAFSGG RDTIEEHRQF GGNCDVDVSF 
       410        420        430        440        450
MYLTFFLEDD DKLEQIRKDY TSGAMLTGEL KKALIEVLQP LIAEHQARRK 
       460        470 
EVTDEIVKEF MTPRKLSFDF Q

Length:471

Mass (Da):53,165

Last modified:December 1, 1992 - v2

Checksum:ⁱE96344449053A0D0

GO

Isoform 2 (identifier: P23381-2) [UniParc]FASTA Add to basket

Also known as: mini TrpRS

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
1-41: Missing.

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MLVSLKMSYK AAAGEDYKAD CPPGNPAPTS NHGPDATEAE EDFVDPWTVQ 
        60         70         80         90        100
TSSAKGIDYD KLIVRFGSSK IDKELINRIE RATGQRPHHF LRRGIFFSHR 
       110        120        130        140        150
DMNQVLDAYE NKKPFYLYTG RGPSSEAMHV GHLIPFIFTK WLQDVFNVPL 
       160        170        180        190        200
VIQMTDDEKY LWKDLTLDQA YSYAVENAKD IIACGFDINK TFIFSDLDYM 
       210        220        230        240        250
GMSSGFYKNV VKIQKHVTFN QVKGIFGFTD SDCIGKISFP AIQAAPSFSN 
       260        270        280        290        300
SFPQIFRDRT DIQCLIPCAI DQDPYFRMTR DVAPRIGYPK PALLHSTFFP 
       310        320        330        340        350
ALQGAQTKMS ASDPNSSIFL TDTAKQIKTK VNKHAFSGGR DTIEEHRQFG 
       360        370        380        390        400
GNCDVDVSFM YLTFFLEDDD KLEQIRKDYT SGAMLTGELK KALIEVLQPL 
       410        420        430
IAEHQARRKE VTDEIVKEFM TPRKLSFDFQ

Show »

Length:430

Mass (Da):48,852

Checksum:ⁱ5FE1254E781221DD

GO

Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesⁱ

There are 26 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLAST Align Show all Add to basket

	Entry	Entry name	Protein names	Gene names	Length	Annotation

	G3V3H8	G3V3H8_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	223	Annotation score:
	G3V3Y5	G3V3Y5_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	226	Annotation score:
	G3V277	G3V277_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	212	Annotation score:
	H0YJP3	H0YJP3_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	185	Annotation score:
	G3V5U1	G3V5U1_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	153	Annotation score:
	G3V456	G3V456_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	154	Annotation score:
	G3V227	G3V227_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	152	Annotation score:
	G3V3X0	G3V3X0_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	124	Annotation score:
	G3V3P2	G3V3P2_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	150	Annotation score:
	G3V3S7	G3V3S7_HUMAN	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmi... Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic	WARS	114	Annotation score:
There are more potential isoformsShow all

Experimental Info

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Sequence conflictⁱ	213 – 214	SY → GD in AAA61298 (PubMed:1765274).Curated	2
Sequence conflictⁱ	310	A → V in AAH95453 (PubMed:15489334).Curated	1
Sequence conflictⁱ	424	A → R in CAA44450 (PubMed:1537332).Curated	1
Sequence conflictⁱ	439	Q → L in AAH95453 (PubMed:15489334).Curated	1

Natural variant

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Length
Natural variantⁱVAR_052406	54	A → S. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs2234521Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_080407	257	H → R in HMN9; decreased tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity; dominant negative effect; decreased general protein synthesis; decreased cell viability; no effect on homodimerization. 1 Publication	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_080408	443	A → S1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs139914390Ensembl.	1
Natural variantⁱVAR_036466	455	E → D in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. 1 Publication	1

Alternative sequence

Feature key	Position(s)	DescriptionActions	Graphical view	Length
Alternative sequenceⁱVSP_038221	1 – 41	Missing in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST		41

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	M77804 mRNA Translation: AAA67324.1 X59892 mRNA Translation: CAA42545.1 M61715 mRNA Translation: AAA61298.1 X62570 mRNA Translation: CAA44450.1 BX248006 mRNA Translation: CAD62335.1 AK056100 mRNA Translation: BAG51626.1 AK291141 mRNA Translation: BAF83830.1 AL157871 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471061 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW81700.1 BC017489 mRNA Translation: AAH17489.1 BC095453 mRNA Translation: AAH95453.1 S82905 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB39381.1 X67920, X67921, X67922 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB94198.1 X67923 X67928 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB94199.1
The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project More...CCDSⁱ	CCDS9960.1 [P23381-1] CCDS9961.1 [P23381-2]
PIRⁱ	A41633 A41706
NCBI Reference Sequences More...RefSeqⁱ	NP_004175.2, NM_004184.3 [P23381-1] NP_776049.1, NM_173701.1 [P23381-1] NP_998810.1, NM_213645.1 [P23381-2] NP_998811.1, NM_213646.1 [P23381-2] XP_005268101.1, XM_005268044.3 [P23381-1] XP_006720312.1, XM_006720249.3 [P23381-1] XP_011535435.1, XM_011537133.2 [P23381-1] XP_011535437.1, XM_011537135.2 XP_011535438.1, XM_011537136.2 [P23381-2] XP_016877116.1, XM_017021627.1 [P23381-1] XP_016877117.1, XM_017021628.1 XP_016877118.1, XM_017021629.1 [P23381-1]
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.497599

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000344102; ENSP00000339485; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000355338; ENSP00000347495; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1] ENST00000358655; ENSP00000351481; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000392882; ENSP00000376620; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1] ENST00000556645; ENSP00000451887; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000557135; ENSP00000451460; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1]
GeneIDⁱ	7453
KEGGⁱ	hsa:7453
UCSC genome browser More...UCSCⁱ	uc001yhg.3 human [P23381-1]

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Alternative splicing, Polymorphism

Similar proteinsⁱ

100% Identity
90% Identity
50% Identity

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P23381	Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, isoform CRA_a		HUMAN		471	UniRef100_P23381
Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase		PANTR		471
Uncharacterized protein DKFZp468C1611		PONAB		471
Uncharacterized protein		PANPA		471
Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (Fragment)		HUMAN		226
+9

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P23381	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic		BOVIN		476	UniRef90_P23381
Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic		PONAB		472
Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, isoform CRA_a		HUMAN		471
Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase		PANTR		471
Uncharacterized protein		PANPA		471
+187

Protein	Similar proteins		Species	Score	Length	Source
P23381	Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic		BOVIN		476	UniRef50_P23381
Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic		PONAB		472
Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, isoform CRA_a		HUMAN		471
Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase		PANTR		471
Uncharacterized protein		PANPA		471
+195

Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations: EMBLⁱ GenBankⁱ DDBJⁱ Links Updated	M77804 mRNA Translation: AAA67324.1 X59892 mRNA Translation: CAA42545.1 M61715 mRNA Translation: AAA61298.1 X62570 mRNA Translation: CAA44450.1 BX248006 mRNA Translation: CAD62335.1 AK056100 mRNA Translation: BAG51626.1 AK291141 mRNA Translation: BAF83830.1 AL157871 Genomic DNA No translation available. CH471061 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW81700.1 BC017489 mRNA Translation: AAH17489.1 BC095453 mRNA Translation: AAH95453.1 S82905 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB39381.1 X67920, X67921, X67922 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB94198.1 X67923 X67928 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB94199.1
CCDSⁱ	CCDS9960.1 [P23381-1] CCDS9961.1 [P23381-2]
PIRⁱ	A41633 A41706
RefSeqⁱ	NP_004175.2, NM_004184.3 [P23381-1] NP_776049.1, NM_173701.1 [P23381-1] NP_998810.1, NM_213645.1 [P23381-2] NP_998811.1, NM_213646.1 [P23381-2] XP_005268101.1, XM_005268044.3 [P23381-1] XP_006720312.1, XM_006720249.3 [P23381-1] XP_011535435.1, XM_011537133.2 [P23381-1] XP_011535437.1, XM_011537135.2 XP_011535438.1, XM_011537136.2 [P23381-2] XP_016877116.1, XM_017021627.1 [P23381-1] XP_016877117.1, XM_017021628.1 XP_016877118.1, XM_017021629.1 [P23381-1]
UniGeneⁱ	Hs.497599

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations: Protein Data Bank Europe More...PDBeⁱ Protein Data Bank RCSB More...RCSB PDBⁱ Protein Data Bank Japan More...PDBjⁱ Links Updated	PDB entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
	1O5T	X-ray	2.50	A	94-471	[»]
	1R6T	X-ray	2.10	A/B	1-466	[»]
	1R6U	X-ray	2.00	A/B	48-471	[»]
	1ULH	X-ray	2.31	A/B	82-471	[»]
	2AKE	X-ray	3.10	A	94-471	[»]
	2AZX	X-ray	2.80	A/B	1-471	[»]
	2DR2	X-ray	3.00	A	94-471	[»]
	2QUH	X-ray	2.40	A/B	1-471	[»]
	2QUI	X-ray	2.40	A/B	1-471	[»]
	2QUJ	X-ray	2.42	A/B	1-471	[»]
	2QUK	X-ray	2.80	A	1-471	[»]
	5UJI	X-ray	2.79	A/B	97-471	[»]
	5UJJ	X-ray	2.10	A/B	1-471	[»]
ProteinModelPortalⁱ	P23381
SMRⁱ	P23381
ModBaseⁱ	Search...
MobiDBⁱ	Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridⁱ	113292, 65 interactors
DIPⁱ	DIP-29493N
IntActⁱ	P23381, 11 interactors
MINTⁱ	P23381
STRINGⁱ	9606.ENSP00000347495

Chemistry databases

DrugBankⁱ	DB00150 L-Tryptophan DB04537 L-Tryptophanamide DB01831 Tryptophanyl-5'amp

DrugBankⁱ

DB00150 L-Tryptophan
DB04537 L-Tryptophanamide
DB01831 Tryptophanyl-5'amp

Protein family/group databases

MoonProtⁱ	P23381

MoonProtⁱ

P23381

PTM databases

iPTMnetⁱ	P23381
PhosphoSitePlusⁱ	P23381
SwissPalmⁱ	P23381

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaⁱ	WARS
DMDMⁱ	135191

2D gel databases

OGPⁱ	P23381

OGPⁱ

P23381

Proteomic databases

EPDⁱ	P23381
MaxQBⁱ	P23381
PaxDbⁱ	P23381
PeptideAtlasⁱ	P23381
PRIDEⁱ	P23381
ProteomicsDBⁱ	54085 54086 [P23381-2]

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology Knowledgebase	Search...

Structural Biology Knowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensemblⁱ	ENST00000344102; ENSP00000339485; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000355338; ENSP00000347495; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1] ENST00000358655; ENSP00000351481; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000392882; ENSP00000376620; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1] ENST00000556645; ENSP00000451887; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-2] ENST00000557135; ENSP00000451460; ENSG00000140105 [P23381-1]
GeneIDⁱ	7453
KEGGⁱ	hsa:7453
UCSCⁱ	uc001yhg.3 human [P23381-1]

Organism-specific databases

CTDⁱ	7453
DisGeNETⁱ	7453
EuPathDBⁱ	HostDB:ENSG00000140105.17
GeneCardsⁱ	WARS
HGNCⁱ	HGNC:12729 WARS
HPAⁱ	HPA005573 HPA018944
MalaCardsⁱ	WARS
MIMⁱ	191050 gene 617721 phenotype
neXtProtⁱ	NX_P23381
OpenTargetsⁱ	ENSG00000140105
PharmGKBⁱ	PA37340
GenAtlas: human gene database More...GenAtlasⁱ	Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGⁱ	KOG2145 Eukaryota COG0180 LUCA
GeneTreeⁱ	ENSGT00390000000666
HOVERGENⁱ	HBG002325
InParanoidⁱ	P23381
KOⁱ	K01867
OMAⁱ	ADILHPQ
OrthoDBⁱ	EOG091G09U9
PhylomeDBⁱ	P23381
TreeFamⁱ	TF105669

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDAⁱ	6.1.1.2 2681
Reactomeⁱ	R-HSA-379716 Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation

Miscellaneous databases

ChiTaRSⁱ	WARS human
EvolutionaryTraceⁱ	P23381
GeneWikiⁱ	WARS_(gene)
GenomeRNAiⁱ	7453
Protein Ontology More...PROⁱ	PR:P23381
SOURCEⁱ	Search...

Gene expression databases

Bgeeⁱ	ENSG00000140105 Expressed in 234 organ(s), highest expression level in epithelium of bronchus
CleanExⁱ	HS_WARS
ExpressionAtlasⁱ	P23381 baseline and differential
Genevisibleⁱ	P23381 HS

Family and domain databases

CDDⁱ	cd00806 TrpRS_core, 1 hit
Gene3Dⁱ	3.40.50.620, 1 hit
InterProⁱ	View protein in InterPro IPR001412 aa-tRNA-synth_I_CS IPR002305 aa-tRNA-synth_Ic IPR014729 Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold IPR009068 S15_NS1_RNA-bd IPR002306 Trp-tRNA-ligase IPR000738 WHEP-TRS_dom
Pfamⁱ	View protein in Pfam PF00579 tRNA-synt_1b, 1 hit PF00458 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
PRINTSⁱ	PR01039 TRNASYNTHTRP
SMARTⁱ	View protein in SMART SM00991 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
SUPFAMⁱ	SSF47060 SSF47060, 1 hit
TIGRFAMsⁱ	TIGR00233 trpS, 1 hit
PROSITEⁱ	View protein in PROSITE PS00178 AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I, 1 hit PS00762 WHEP_TRS_1, 1 hit PS51185 WHEP_TRS_2, 1 hit
ProtoNetⁱ	Search...

Entry informationⁱ

Entry nameⁱ	SYWC_HUMAN
Accessionⁱ	P23381Primary (citable) accession number: P23381 Secondary accession number(s): A6NGN1 Q9UDL3
Entry historyⁱ	Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1991
	Last sequence update:	December 1, 1992
	Last modified:	October 10, 2018
	This is version 190 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusⁱ	Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation program	Chordata Protein Annotation Program
Disclaimer	Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteome

Documents

Human chromosome 14
Human chromosome 14: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families
Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
Human polymorphisms and disease mutations
Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations
MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
List of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase entries

UniProtKB

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UniProtKB - P23381 (SYWC_HUMAN)

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Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic

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<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

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GO - Biological processi

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Other locations

Cytosol

Extracellular region or secreted

Nucleus

Other locations

Keywords - Cellular componenti

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Keywords - Diseasei

Organism-specific databases

Chemistry databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMi

Proteomic databases

2D gel databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

GO - Molecular functioni

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Motif

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Experimental Info

Natural variant

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

2D gel databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

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Functionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

GO - Biological processⁱ

Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Keywords - Diseaseⁱ

PTM / Processingⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Expressionⁱ

Interactionⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

Structureⁱ

Family & Domainsⁱ

Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

Cross-referencesⁱ

Entry informationⁱ

Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ