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UniProtKB - P13602 (TBB2_XENLA)

Entry version 121 (02 Dec 2020)
Sequence version 1 (01 Jan 1990)
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Protein

Tubulin beta-2 chain

Gene

tubb2

Organism
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:4 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at transcript leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes a region in the protein which binds nucleotide phosphates. It always involves more than one amino acid and includes all residues involved in nucleotide-binding.<p><a href='/help/np_bind' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Nucleotide bindingi140 – 146GTPSequence analysis7

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

LigandGTP-binding, Nucleotide-binding

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Tubulin beta-2 chain
Alternative name(s):
Beta-2-tubulin
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:tubb2
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiXenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri8355 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Amphibia › Batrachia › Anura › Pipoidea › Pipidae › Xenopodinae › Xenopus › Xenopus

Organism-specific databases

Xenopus laevis and tropicalis biology and genomics resource

More...Xenbasei		XB-GENE-866032, tubb2b.S

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte & Seán O’Donoghue; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Microtubule

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00000482711 – 443Tubulin beta-2 chainAdd BLAST443

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei4385-glutamyl polyglutamateBy similarity1

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationi

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of polyglycylation is still unclear.By similarity
Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (By similarity). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity).By similarity

Keywords - PTMi

Isopeptide bond

Proteomic databases

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P13602

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityi

Nervous system specific.

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID)

More...BioGRIDi		97463, 1 interactor

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		P13602, 3 interactors

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P13602

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the tubulin family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		EVGANKY

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		962471at2759

Family and domain databases

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		1.10.287.600, 1 hit
3.30.1330.20, 1 hit
3.40.50.1440, 1 hit

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR013838, Beta-tubulin_BS
IPR002453, Beta_tubulin
IPR008280, Tub_FtsZ_C
IPR000217, Tubulin
IPR018316, Tubulin/FtsZ_2-layer-sand-dom
IPR037103, Tubulin/FtsZ_C_sf
IPR036525, Tubulin/FtsZ_GTPase_sf
IPR023123, Tubulin_C
IPR017975, Tubulin_CS
IPR003008, Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR11588, PTHR11588, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF00091, Tubulin, 1 hit
PF03953, Tubulin_C, 1 hit

Protein Motif fingerprint database; a protein domain database

More...PRINTSi		PR01163, BETATUBULIN
PR01161, TUBULIN

Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool; a protein domain database

More...SMARTi		View protein in SMART
SM00864, Tubulin, 1 hit
SM00865, Tubulin_C, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF52490, SSF52490, 1 hit
SSF55307, SSF55307, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS00227, TUBULIN, 1 hit
PS00228, TUBULIN_B_AUTOREG, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequencei

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

P13602-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MREIVHLQAG QCGNQIGAKF WEVISDEHGI DPTGSYHGDS DLQLERINVY 
        60         70         80         90        100
YNEATGNKFV PRAILVDLEP GTMDSVRSGP FGQIFRPDNF VFGQSGAGNN 
       110        120        130        140        150
WAKGHYTEGA ELVDSVLDVV RKESESCDCL QGFQLTHSLG GGTGSGMGTL 
       160        170        180        190        200
LISKIREEYP DRIMNTFSVM PSPKVSDTVV EPYNATLSVH QLVENTDETY 
       210        220        230        240        250
CIDNEALYDI CFRTLKLTTP TYGDLNHLVS ATMSGVTTCL RFPGQLNADL 
       260        270        280        290        300
RKLAVNMVPF PRLHFFMPGF APLTSRGSQQ YRALTVPELT QQMFDSKNMM 
       310        320        330        340        350
AACDPRHGRY LTVAAIFRGR MSMKEVDEQM LNVQNKSSSY FVEWIPNNVK 
       360        370        380        390        400
TAVCDIPPRG LKMSATFIGN STAIQELFKR ISEQFTAMFR RKAFLHWYTG 
       410        420        430        440 
EGMDEMEFTE AESNMNDLVS EYQQYQDATA DEQGEFEEEE DEA
Length:443
Mass (Da):49,724
Last modified:January 1, 1990 - v1
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i0B8C73A9D09878BE
GO

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
X15798 mRNA Translation: CAA33798.1
BC044030 mRNA Translation: AAH44030.1

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		S05968

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_001079533.1, NM_001086064.2

Genome annotation databases

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		379220

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		xla:379220

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
X15798 mRNA Translation: CAA33798.1
BC044030 mRNA Translation: AAH44030.1
PIRiS05968
RefSeqiNP_001079533.1, NM_001086064.2

3D structure databases

SMRiP13602
ModBaseiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGRIDi97463, 1 interactor
IntActiP13602, 3 interactors

Proteomic databases

PRIDEiP13602

Genome annotation databases

GeneIDi379220
KEGGixla:379220

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		379220
XenbaseiXB-GENE-866032, tubb2b.S

Phylogenomic databases

OMAiEVGANKY
OrthoDBi962471at2759

Family and domain databases

Gene3Di1.10.287.600, 1 hit
3.30.1330.20, 1 hit
3.40.50.1440, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR013838, Beta-tubulin_BS
IPR002453, Beta_tubulin
IPR008280, Tub_FtsZ_C
IPR000217, Tubulin
IPR018316, Tubulin/FtsZ_2-layer-sand-dom
IPR037103, Tubulin/FtsZ_C_sf
IPR036525, Tubulin/FtsZ_GTPase_sf
IPR023123, Tubulin_C
IPR017975, Tubulin_CS
IPR003008, Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase
PANTHERiPTHR11588, PTHR11588, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF00091, Tubulin, 1 hit
PF03953, Tubulin_C, 1 hit
PRINTSiPR01163, BETATUBULIN
PR01161, TUBULIN
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM00864, Tubulin, 1 hit
SM00865, Tubulin_C, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF52490, SSF52490, 1 hit
SSF55307, SSF55307, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS00227, TUBULIN, 1 hit
PS00228, TUBULIN_B_AUTOREG, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiTBB2_XENLA
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P13602
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: January 1, 1990
Last sequence update: January 1, 1990
Last modified: December 2, 2020
This is version 121 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Documents

  1. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
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