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UniProtKB - P12081 (SYHC_HUMAN)

Protein

Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic

Gene

HARS

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the ‘protein existence’ evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Cytoplasmic histidine--tRNA ligase (Probable). Plays a role in axon guidance.Curated1 Publication

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityi

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘Function’ section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei157L-histidineCombined sources1 Publication1
Binding sitei173L-histidineCombined sources1 Publication1
Binding sitei177L-histidineCombined sources1 Publication1
Binding sitei326L-histidineCombined sources1 Publication1

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

  • ATP binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
  • histidine-tRNA ligase activity Source: GO_Central
  • identical protein binding Source: IntAct
View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionAminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, Ligase
Biological processProtein biosynthesis
LigandATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA Comprehensive Enzyme Information System

More...BRENDAi		6.1.1.21 2681

Reactome - a knowledgebase of biological pathways and processes

More...Reactomei		R-HSA-379716 Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (EC:6.1.1.21)
Alternative name(s):
Histidyl-tRNA synthetase
Short name:
HisRS
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: ‘Name’, ‘Synonyms’, ‘Ordered locus names’ and ‘ORF names’.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:HARS
Synonyms:HRS
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the ‘taxonomic identifier’ or ‘taxid’.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names_and_taxonomy_section">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes_manual">proteome</a> can consist of several components. <br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome 5

Organism-specific databases

Eukaryotic Pathogen Database Resources

More...EuPathDBi		HostDB:ENSG00000170445.12

Human Gene Nomenclature Database

More...HGNCi		HGNC:4816 HARS

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

More...MIMi		142810 gene

neXtProt; the human protein knowledge platform

More...neXtProti		NX_P12081

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Cytoplasm

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

<p>This subsection of the ‘Pathology and Biotech’ section provides information on the disease(s) associated with genetic variations in a given protein. The information is extracted from the scientific literature and diseases that are also described in the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim">OMIM</a> database are represented with a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/diseases">controlled vocabulary</a> in the following way:<p><a href='/help/involvement_in_disease' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Involvement in diseasei

Usher syndrome 3B (USH3B)1 Publication
The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionA syndrome characterized by progressive vision and hearing loss during early childhood. Some patients have the so-called 'Charles Bonnet syndrome,' involving decreased visual acuity and vivid visual hallucinations. USH is a genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by the association of retinitis pigmentosa with sensorineural deafness. Age at onset and differences in auditory and vestibular function distinguish Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1), Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and Usher syndrome type 3 (USH3). USH3 is characterized by postlingual, progressive hearing loss, variable vestibular dysfunction, and onset of retinitis pigmentosa symptoms, including nyctalopia, constriction of the visual fields, and loss of central visual acuity, usually by the second decade of life.
See also OMIM:614504
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section describes natural variant(s) of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/variant' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Natural variantiVAR_067918454Y → S in USH3B. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs387906639EnsemblClinVar.1
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2W (CMT2W)2 Publications
The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionAn autosomal dominant, axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy, initially of the peroneal muscles and later of the distal muscles of the arms. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies (designated CMT1 when they are dominantly inherited) and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies (CMT2). Neuropathies of the CMT2 group are characterized by signs of axonal degeneration in the absence of obvious myelin alterations, normal or slightly reduced nerve conduction velocities, and progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy. CMT2W patients manifest a peripheral neuropathy mainly affecting the lower limbs and resulting in gait difficulties and distal sensory impairment. Most patients also have upper limb involvement.
See also OMIM:616625
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Natural variantiVAR_075064132T → I in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs143473232EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_075065134P → H in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225122EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069022137R → Q in CMT2W; has a neurotoxic effect in an animal model; results in loss of function. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs191391414EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_075066175D → E in CMT2W; hypomorphic mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225123EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069024238V → A in CMT2W; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs536175170Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_075067364D → Y in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225124EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069026505P → S in CMT2W; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs747156884Ensembl.1

Keywords - Diseasei

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Deafness, Disease mutation, Neurodegeneration, Neuropathy, Retinitis pigmentosa, Usher syndrome

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET

More...DisGeNETi		3035

GeneReviews a resource of expert-authored, peer-reviewed disease descriptions.

More...GeneReviewsi		HARS

MalaCards human disease database

More...MalaCardsi		HARS
MIMi614504 phenotype
616625 phenotype

Open Targets

More...OpenTargetsi		ENSG00000170445

Orphanet; a database dedicated to information on rare diseases and orphan drugs

More...Orphaneti		488333 Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2W
231183 Usher syndrome type 3

The Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

More...PharmGKBi		PA29191

Chemistry databases

ChEMBL database of bioactive drug-like small molecules

More...ChEMBLi		CHEMBL4002

Drug and drug target database

More...DrugBanki		DB00117 L-Histidine

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMuta curated single-nucleotide variation and disease association database

More...BioMutai		HARS

Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM)

More...DMDMi		135123

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm_processing_section">PTM / Processing</a> section indicates that the initiator methionine is cleaved from the mature protein.<p><a href='/help/init_met' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Initiator methionineiRemovedCombined sources
<p>This subsection of the ‘PTM / Processing’ section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00001363322 – 509Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmicAdd BLAST508

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘PTM / Processing’ section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei2N-acetylalanineCombined sources1
Modified residuei66PhosphoserineBy similarity1
Modified residuei356PhosphoserineCombined sources1

Keywords - PTMi

Acetylation, Phosphoprotein

Proteomic databases

Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics

More...EPDi		P12081

jPOST - Japan Proteome Standard Repository/Database

More...jPOSTi		P12081

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase

More...MaxQBi		P12081

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P12081

PeptideAtlas

More...PeptideAtlasi		P12081

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P12081

ProteomicsDB human proteome resource

More...ProteomicsDBi		12704
52824

PTM databases

iPTMnet integrated resource for PTMs in systems biology context

More...iPTMneti		P12081

Comprehensive resource for the study of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human, mouse and rat.

More...PhosphoSitePlusi		P12081

SwissPalm database of S-palmitoylation events

More...SwissPalmi		P12081

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the ‘Expression’ section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified ‘at protein level’. <br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityi

Brain, heart, liver and kidney.

Gene expression databases

Bgee dataBase for Gene Expression Evolution

More...Bgeei		ENSG00000170445 Expressed in 222 organ(s), highest expression level in adenohypophysis

CleanEx database of gene expression profiles

More...CleanExi		HS_HARS

ExpressionAtlas, Differential and Baseline Expression

More...ExpressionAtlasi		P12081 baseline and differential

Genevisible search portal to normalized and curated expression data from Genevestigator

More...Genevisiblei		P12081 HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas

More...HPAi		HPA036539

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Homodimer.2 Publications

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section%27">Interaction</a> section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated on a monthly basis. Each binary interaction is displayed on a separate line.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsi

WithEntry#Exp.IntActNotes
itself2EBI-1057566,EBI-1057566

GO - Molecular functioni

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGrid)

More...BioGridi		109285, 51 interactors

Database of interacting proteins

More...DIPi		DIP-37596N

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		P12081, 6 interactors

Molecular INTeraction database

More...MINTi		P12081

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9606.ENSP00000425634

Chemistry databases

BindingDB database of measured binding affinities

More...BindingDBi		P12081

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

Secondary structure

1509
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:

Protein Data Bank Europe

More...PDBei

Protein Data Bank RCSB

More...RCSB PDBi

Protein Data Bank Japan

More...PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1X59NMR-A1-60[»]
2LW7NMR-A2-60[»]
A399-509[»]
4G84X-ray2.40A/B54-506[»]
4G85X-ray3.11A/B1-506[»]
4PHCX-ray2.84A/B/C/D1-509[»]
4X5OX-ray2.80A/B1-509[»]
5W6MX-ray3.70A/B54-503[»]

Protein Model Portal of the PSI-Nature Structural Biology Knowledgebase

More...ProteinModelPortali		P12081

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P12081

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

Miscellaneous databases

Relative evolutionary importance of amino acids within a protein sequence

More...EvolutionaryTracei		P12081

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/family_and_domains_section">Family and Domains</a> section describes the position and type of a domain, which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three-dimensional structure or fold.<p><a href='/help/domain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini3 – 59WHEP-TRSAdd BLAST57

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and Domains’ section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni130 – 132L-histidine bindingCombined sources1 Publication3
Regioni330 – 331L-histidine bindingCombined sources1 Publication2

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		KOG1936 Eukaryota
COG0124 LUCA

Ensembl GeneTree

More...GeneTreei		ENSGT00390000005922

The HOGENOM Database of Homologous Genes from Fully Sequenced Organisms

More...HOGENOMi		HOG000018075

The HOVERGEN Database of Homologous Vertebrate Genes

More...HOVERGENi		HBG002731

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P12081

KEGG Orthology (KO)

More...KOi		K01892

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		YQIQKVW

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		1065556at2759

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P12081

TreeFam database of animal gene trees

More...TreeFami		TF300652

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database

More...CDDi		cd00859 HisRS_anticodon, 1 hit

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		3.40.50.800, 1 hit

HAMAP database of protein families

More...HAMAPi		MF_00127 His_tRNA_synth, 1 hit

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR006195 aa-tRNA-synth_II
IPR004154 Anticodon-bd
IPR036621 Anticodon-bd_dom_sf
IPR015807 His-tRNA-ligase
IPR004516 HisRS/HisZ
IPR033656 HisRS_anticodon
IPR009068 S15_NS1_RNA-bd
IPR000738 WHEP-TRS_dom

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR11476 PTHR11476, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF03129 HGTP_anticodon, 1 hit
PF00458 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit

PIRSF; a whole-protein classification database

More...PIRSFi		PIRSF001549 His-tRNA_synth, 1 hit

Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool; a protein domain database

More...SMARTi		View protein in SMART
SM00991 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF47060 SSF47060, 1 hit

TIGRFAMs; a protein family database

More...TIGRFAMsi		TIGR00442 hisS, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS50862 AA_TRNA_LIGASE_II, 1 hit
PS00762 WHEP_TRS_1, 1 hit
PS51185 WHEP_TRS_2, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>.<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (4+)i

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 4 <p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section lists the alternative protein sequences (isoforms) that can be generated from the same gene by a single or by the combination of up to four biological events (alternative promoter usage, alternative splicing, alternative initiation and ribosomal frameshifting). Additionally, this section gives relevant information on each alternative protein isoform.<p><a href='/help/alternative_products' target='_top'>More...</a></p> isoformsi produced by alternative splicing. AlignAdd to basket

This entry has 4 described isoforms and 7 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

Isoform 1 (identifier: P12081-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MAERAALEEL VKLQGERVRG LKQQKASAEL IEEEVAKLLK LKAQLGPDES 
        60         70         80         90        100
KQKFVLKTPK GTRDYSPRQM AVREKVFDVI IRCFKRHGAE VIDTPVFELK 
       110        120        130        140        150
ETLMGKYGED SKLIYDLKDQ GGELLSLRYD LTVPFARYLA MNKLTNIKRY 
       160        170        180        190        200
HIAKVYRRDN PAMTRGRYRE FYQCDFDIAG NFDPMIPDAE CLKIMCEILS 
       210        220        230        240        250
SLQIGDFLVK VNDRRILDGM FAICGVSDSK FRTICSSVDK LDKVSWEEVK 
       260        270        280        290        300
NEMVGEKGLA PEVADRIGDY VQQHGGVSLV EQLLQDPKLS QNKQALEGLG 
       310        320        330        340        350
DLKLLFEYLT LFGIDDKISF DLSLARGLDY YTGVIYEAVL LQTPAQAGEE 
       360        370        380        390        400
PLGVGSVAAG GRYDGLVGMF DPKGRKVPCV GLSIGVERIF SIVEQRLEAL 
       410        420        430        440        450
EEKIRTTETQ VLVASAQKKL LEERLKLVSE LWDAGIKAEL LYKKNPKLLN 
       460        470        480        490        500
QLQYCEEAGI PLVAIIGEQE LKDGVIKLRS VTSREEVDVR REDLVEEIKR 

RTGQPLCIC
Length:509
Mass (Da):57,411
Last modified:May 1, 1992 - v2
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i65D8BB71CE79B1FF
GO
Isoform 2 (identifier: P12081-2) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     60-99: Missing.

Show »
Length:469
Mass (Da):52,720
Checksum:iB02783AB9FED1E1D
GO
Isoform 3 (identifier: P12081-3) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     60-99: Missing.
     155-174: Missing.

Show »
Length:449
Mass (Da):50,156
Checksum:i9B97F9CC4FE63BB9
GO
Isoform 4 (identifier: P12081-4) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     155-174: Missing.

Show »
Length:489
Mass (Da):54,847
Checksum:iE0C0825FF411F391
GO

<p>In eukaryotic reference proteomes, unreviewed entries that are likely to belong to the same gene are computationally mapped, based on gene identifiers from Ensembl, EnsemblGenomes and model organism databases.<p><a href='/help/gene_centric_isoform_mapping' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi

There are 7 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basket
EntryEntry nameProtein names
Gene namesLengthAnnotation
B4DDD8B4DDD8_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
435Annotation score:

Annotation score:2 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
B4E1C5B4E1C5_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
395Annotation score:

Annotation score:2 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
E7ETE2E7ETE2_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
288Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
B3KWE1B3KWE1_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS hCG_1782886
440Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
D6RF05D6RF05_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
60Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A2R8YCI2A0A2R8YCI2_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
84Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
A0A2R8YFR1A0A2R8YFR1_HUMAN
Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
HARS
52Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautioni

The sequence CAA28956 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at several positions.Curated

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the canonical sequence (displayed by default in the entry) and the different sequence submissions merged in the entry. These various submissions may originate from different sequencing projects, different types of experiments, or different biological samples. Sequence conflicts are usually of unknown origin.<p><a href='/help/conflict' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence conflicti6A → P in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti126S → P in BAG58213 (PubMed:14702039).Curated1
Sequence conflicti165R → G in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti181N → Q in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti186I → N in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti191C → S in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti206D → N in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti223I → V in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti227S → P in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti284L → V in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti347A → E in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1
Sequence conflicti373 – 374KG → QR in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated2
Sequence conflicti375R → L in BAG58213 (PubMed:14702039).Curated1
Sequence conflicti493D → E in CAA28956 (PubMed:3554142).Curated1

Natural variant

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Natural variantiVAR_0690215A → E1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs78741041EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_075064132T → I in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs143473232EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_075065134P → H in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225122EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069022137R → Q in CMT2W; has a neurotoxic effect in an animal model; results in loss of function. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs191391414EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_075066175D → E in CMT2W; hypomorphic mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225123EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069023205G → D1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs147288996EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069024238V → A in CMT2W; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs536175170Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_075067364D → Y in CMT2W; loss-of-function mutation. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs863225124EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069025376K → R1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs139447495EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_061908399A → V. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs34732372EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_067918454Y → S in USH3B. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs387906639EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_069026505P → S in CMT2W; unknown pathological significance. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs747156884Ensembl.1

Alternative sequence

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section describes the sequence of naturally occurring alternative protein isoform(s). The changes in the amino acid sequence may be due to alternative splicing, alternative promoter usage, alternative initiation, or ribosomal frameshifting. The information stored in this subsection is used to automatically construct alternative protein sequence(s) for display.<p><a href='/help/var_seq' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Alternative sequenceiVSP_04511860 – 99Missing in isoform 2 and isoform 3. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST40
Alternative sequenceiVSP_046662155 – 174Missing in isoform 3 and isoform 4. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST20

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
Z11518 mRNA Translation: CAA77607.1
X05345 mRNA Translation: CAA28956.1 Frameshift.
AK295219 mRNA Translation: BAG58213.1
AK302295 mRNA Translation: BAG63635.1
AK225776 mRNA No translation available.
AC116353 Genomic DNA No translation available.
BC011807 mRNA Translation: AAH11807.1
BC080514 mRNA Translation: AAH80514.1
M96646 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA58668.1
U18936 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA73973.1

The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project

More...CCDSi		CCDS4237.1 [P12081-1]
CCDS58976.1 [P12081-2]
CCDS58977.1 [P12081-3]
CCDS58978.1 [P12081-4]

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		I37559 SYHUHT

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_001244969.1, NM_001258040.2 [P12081-2]
NP_001244970.1, NM_001258041.2 [P12081-4]
NP_001244971.1, NM_001258042.2 [P12081-3]
NP_002100.2, NM_002109.5 [P12081-1]

UniGene gene-oriented nucleotide sequence clusters

More...UniGenei		Hs.528050

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl eukaryotic genome annotation project

More...Ensembli		ENST00000307633; ENSP00000304668; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-3]
ENST00000438307; ENSP00000411511; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-2]
ENST00000457527; ENSP00000387893; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-4]
ENST00000504156; ENSP00000425634; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-1]
ENST00000644191; ENSP00000495156; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-1]

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		3035

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		hsa:3035

UCSC genome browser

More...UCSCi		uc003lgv.6 human [P12081-1]

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Alternative splicing, Polymorphism

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
Z11518 mRNA Translation: CAA77607.1
X05345 mRNA Translation: CAA28956.1 Frameshift.
AK295219 mRNA Translation: BAG58213.1
AK302295 mRNA Translation: BAG63635.1
AK225776 mRNA No translation available.
AC116353 Genomic DNA No translation available.
BC011807 mRNA Translation: AAH11807.1
BC080514 mRNA Translation: AAH80514.1
M96646 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA58668.1
U18936 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA73973.1
CCDSiCCDS4237.1 [P12081-1]
CCDS58976.1 [P12081-2]
CCDS58977.1 [P12081-3]
CCDS58978.1 [P12081-4]
PIRiI37559 SYHUHT
RefSeqiNP_001244969.1, NM_001258040.2 [P12081-2]
NP_001244970.1, NM_001258041.2 [P12081-4]
NP_001244971.1, NM_001258042.2 [P12081-3]
NP_002100.2, NM_002109.5 [P12081-1]
UniGeneiHs.528050

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:
PDBei
RCSB PDBi
PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1X59NMR-A1-60[»]
2LW7NMR-A2-60[»]
A399-509[»]
4G84X-ray2.40A/B54-506[»]
4G85X-ray3.11A/B1-506[»]
4PHCX-ray2.84A/B/C/D1-509[»]
4X5OX-ray2.80A/B1-509[»]
5W6MX-ray3.70A/B54-503[»]
ProteinModelPortaliP12081
SMRiP12081
ModBaseiSearch...
MobiDBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridi109285, 51 interactors
DIPiDIP-37596N
IntActiP12081, 6 interactors
MINTiP12081
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000425634

Chemistry databases

BindingDBiP12081
ChEMBLiCHEMBL4002
DrugBankiDB00117 L-Histidine

PTM databases

iPTMnetiP12081
PhosphoSitePlusiP12081
SwissPalmiP12081

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaiHARS
DMDMi135123

Proteomic databases

EPDiP12081
jPOSTiP12081
MaxQBiP12081
PaxDbiP12081
PeptideAtlasiP12081
PRIDEiP12081
ProteomicsDBi12704
52824

Protocols and materials databases

Structural Biology KnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000307633; ENSP00000304668; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-3]
ENST00000438307; ENSP00000411511; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-2]
ENST00000457527; ENSP00000387893; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-4]
ENST00000504156; ENSP00000425634; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-1]
ENST00000644191; ENSP00000495156; ENSG00000170445 [P12081-1]
GeneIDi3035
KEGGihsa:3035
UCSCiuc003lgv.6 human [P12081-1]

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		3035
DisGeNETi3035
EuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000170445.12

GeneCards: human genes, protein and diseases

More...GeneCardsi		HARS
GeneReviewsiHARS
HGNCiHGNC:4816 HARS
HPAiHPA036539
MalaCardsiHARS
MIMi142810 gene
614504 phenotype
616625 phenotype
neXtProtiNX_P12081
OpenTargetsiENSG00000170445
Orphaneti488333 Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2W
231183 Usher syndrome type 3
PharmGKBiPA29191

GenAtlas: human gene database

More...GenAtlasi		Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG1936 Eukaryota
COG0124 LUCA
GeneTreeiENSGT00390000005922
HOGENOMiHOG000018075
HOVERGENiHBG002731
InParanoidiP12081
KOiK01892
OMAiYQIQKVW
OrthoDBi1065556at2759
PhylomeDBiP12081
TreeFamiTF300652

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDAi6.1.1.21 2681
ReactomeiR-HSA-379716 Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation

Miscellaneous databases

ChiTaRS: a database of human, mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data

More...ChiTaRSi		HARS human
EvolutionaryTraceiP12081

The Gene Wiki collection of pages on human genes and proteins

More...GeneWikii		HARS

Database of phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens

More...GenomeRNAii		3035

Protein Ontology

More...PROi		PR:P12081

The Stanford Online Universal Resource for Clones and ESTs

More...SOURCEi		Search...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000170445 Expressed in 222 organ(s), highest expression level in adenohypophysis
CleanExiHS_HARS
ExpressionAtlasiP12081 baseline and differential
GenevisibleiP12081 HS

Family and domain databases

CDDicd00859 HisRS_anticodon, 1 hit
Gene3Di3.40.50.800, 1 hit
HAMAPiMF_00127 His_tRNA_synth, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR006195 aa-tRNA-synth_II
IPR004154 Anticodon-bd
IPR036621 Anticodon-bd_dom_sf
IPR015807 His-tRNA-ligase
IPR004516 HisRS/HisZ
IPR033656 HisRS_anticodon
IPR009068 S15_NS1_RNA-bd
IPR000738 WHEP-TRS_dom
PANTHERiPTHR11476 PTHR11476, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF03129 HGTP_anticodon, 1 hit
PF00458 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
PIRSFiPIRSF001549 His-tRNA_synth, 1 hit
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM00991 WHEP-TRS, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF47060 SSF47060, 1 hit
TIGRFAMsiTIGR00442 hisS, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS50862 AA_TRNA_LIGASE_II, 1 hit
PS00762 WHEP_TRS_1, 1 hit
PS51185 WHEP_TRS_2, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the ‘Entry information’ section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiSYHC_HUMAN
<p>This subsection of the ‘Entry information’ section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called ‘Primary (citable) accession number’.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P12081
Secondary accession number(s): B4DHQ1
, B4DY73, D6REN6, J3KNE5
<p>This subsection of the ‘Entry information’ section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification (‘Last modified’). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: October 1, 1989
Last sequence update: May 1, 1992
Last modified: January 16, 2019
This is version 201 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the ‘Entry information’ section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
  2. Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
    List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
  3. Human polymorphisms and disease mutations
    Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations
  4. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  5. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  6. Human chromosome 5
    Human chromosome 5: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  7. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
    List of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase entries
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