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UniProtKB - P10746 (HEM4_HUMAN)

Protein

Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase

Gene

UROS

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score: -Experimental evidence at protein leveli

Functioni

Catalyzes cyclization of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the macrocyclic uroporphyrinogen III, the branch point for the various sub-pathways leading to the wide diversity of porphyrins. Porphyrins act as cofactors for a multitude of enzymes that perform a variety of processes within the cell such as methionine synthesis (vitamin B12) or oxygen transport (heme).

Caution

Variant Ala-62 was originally reported to result in no detectable enzyme activity (PubMed:1737856), as measured in recombinant crude lysate extracts. Further experiments with the purified enzyme have shown that this variant does not affect activity (PubMed:11689424).2 Publications

Catalytic activityi

Hydroxymethylbilane = uroporphyrinogen III + H2O.1 Publication

Pathwayi: protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis

This protein is involved in step 3 of the subpathway that synthesizes coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate.
Proteins known to be involved in the 4 steps of the subpathway in this organism are:
  1. Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)
  2. Porphobilinogen deaminase (HMBS)
  3. Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase (UROS)
  4. Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD), Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD), Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (hemE)
This subpathway is part of the pathway protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis, which is itself part of Porphyrin-containing compound metabolism.
View all proteins of this organism that are known to be involved in the subpathway that synthesizes coproporphyrinogen-III from 5-aminolevulinate, the pathway protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis and in Porphyrin-containing compound metabolism.

GO - Molecular functioni

  • uroporphyrinogen-III synthase activity Source: UniProtKB
View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

View the complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Keywordsi

Molecular functionLyase
Biological processHeme biosynthesis, Porphyrin biosynthesis

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCyciMetaCyc:HS07569-MONOMER
BRENDAi4.2.1.75 2681
ReactomeiR-HSA-189451 Heme biosynthesis
UniPathwayi
UPA00251;UER00320

Names & Taxonomyi

Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase (EC:4.2.1.75)
Short name:
UROIIIS
Short name:
UROS
Alternative name(s):
Hydroxymethylbilane hydrolyase [cyclizing]
Uroporphyrinogen-III cosynthase
Gene namesi
Name:UROS
OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 Componenti: Chromosome 10

Organism-specific databases

EuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000188690.12
HGNCiHGNC:12592 UROS
MIMi606938 gene
neXtProtiNX_P10746

Subcellular locationi

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionGraphics by Christian Stolte; Source: COMPARTMENTS

Pathology & Biotechi

Involvement in diseasei

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)14 Publications
The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionPorphyrias are inherited defects in the biosynthesis of heme, resulting in the accumulation and increased excretion of porphyrins or porphyrin precursors. They are classified as erythropoietic or hepatic, depending on whether the enzyme deficiency occurs in red blood cells or in the liver. The manifestations of CEP are heterogeneous, ranging from nonimmune hydrops fetalis due to severe hemolytic anemia in utero to milder, later onset forms, which have only skin lesions due to cutaneous photosensitivity in adult life. The deficiency in UROS activity results in the non-enzymatic conversion of hydroxymethylbilane (HMB) into the uroporphyrinogen-I isomer.
See also OMIM:263700
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Natural variantiVAR_0216153V → F in CEP; no residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs773301339Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_0036744L → F in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908015EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367519Y → C in CEP. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_02161647S → P in CEP; severe cutaneous lesions; less than 3% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs397515527EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367653P → L in CEP; severe phenotype; no detectable activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908013EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367762T → A in CEP; does not affect enzymatic activity. 2 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs28941775EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367866A → V in CEP; mild phenotype; residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs28941774EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_02161769A → T in CEP; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_00367973C → R in CEP; frequent mutation in Western countries; severe phenotype; no detectable activity. 5 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908012EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00368082V → F in CEP; mild phenotype; high residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908016EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00368199V → A in CEP. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_003682104A → V in CEP; residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs397515528EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_021618129I → T in CEP; no residual activity. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_013558188G → R in CEP; less than 5% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908017EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_021619188G → W in CEP; mild phenotype; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908017EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_021620210 – 211EL → HIQSQAQSQAQDN in CEP. 1 Publication2
Natural variantiVAR_003683212S → P in CEP; no residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs139388833Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_021621219I → S in CEP; moderately-severe phenotype; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs767029901Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_003684225G → S in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908020EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_003685228T → M in CEP; no detectable activity. 3 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908014EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_067318237L → P in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs777433697Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_066247248P → Q in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908021EnsemblClinVar.1
Severe congenital erythropoietic porphyria is associated with non-immune hydrops fetalis, a generalized edema of the fetus with fluid accumulation in the body cavities due to non-immune causes. Non-immune hydrops fetalis is not a diagnosis in itself but a symptom, a feature of many genetic disorders, and the end-stage of a wide variety of disorders.

Mutagenesis

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Mutagenesisi63S → A: Does not affect enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi65R → A: Slightly affects enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi103T → A: Slightly affects enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi127E → A: Does not affect enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi168Y → F: Impairs enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi197S → A: Does not affect enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi220K → A: Does not affect enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi227T → A: Does not affect enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1
Mutagenesisi228T → A: Impairs enzymatic activity. 1 Publication1

Keywords - Diseasei

Disease mutation

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNETi7390
GeneReviewsiUROS
MalaCardsiUROS
MIMi263700 phenotype
OpenTargetsiENSG00000188690
Orphaneti79277 Congenital erythropoietic porphyria
PharmGKBiPA37222

Chemistry databases

ChEMBLiCHEMBL4433

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaiUROS
DMDMi122849

PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
ChainiPRO_00001352511 – 265Uroporphyrinogen-III synthaseAdd BLAST265

Proteomic databases

EPDiP10746
MaxQBiP10746
PaxDbiP10746
PeptideAtlasiP10746
PRIDEiP10746
ProteomicsDBi52644

PTM databases

iPTMnetiP10746
PhosphoSitePlusiP10746

Expressioni

Tissue specificityi

Ubiquitous.1 Publication

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000188690 Expressed in 219 organ(s), highest expression level in caudate nucleus
CleanExiHS_UROS
ExpressionAtlasiP10746 baseline and differential
GenevisibleiP10746 HS

Organism-specific databases

HPAiHPA044038

Interactioni

Subunit structurei

Monomer.1 Publication

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridi113236, 13 interactors
IntActiP10746, 2 interactors
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000357775

Structurei

Secondary structure

1265
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortaliP10746
SMRiP10746
ModBaseiSearch...
MobiDBiSearch...

Miscellaneous databases

EvolutionaryTraceiP10746

Family & Domainsi

Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen-III synthase family.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG4132 Eukaryota
COG1587 LUCA
GeneTreeiENSGT00390000009853
HOGENOMiHOG000007209
HOVERGENiHBG000492
InParanoidiP10746
KOiK01719
OMAiDQIKFAA
OrthoDBiEOG091G0F70
PhylomeDBiP10746
TreeFamiTF324092

Family and domain databases

CDDicd06578 HemD, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR036108 4pyrrol_syn_uPrphyn_synt_sf
IPR003754 4pyrrol_synth_uPrphyn_synth
IPR039793 UROS/Hem4
PANTHERiPTHR12390 PTHR12390, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF02602 HEM4, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF69618 SSF69618, 1 hit

Sequence (1+)i

Sequence statusi: Complete.

This entry has 1 described isoform and 6 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

P10746-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MKVLLLKDAK EDDCGQDPYI RELGLYGLEA TLIPVLSFEF LSLPSFSEKL 
        60         70         80         90        100
SHPEDYGGLI FTSPRAVEAA ELCLEQNNKT EVWERSLKEK WNAKSVYVVG 
       110        120        130        140        150
NATASLVSKI GLDTEGETCG NAEKLAEYIC SRESSALPLL FPCGNLKREI 
       160        170        180        190        200
LPKALKDKGI AMESITVYQT VAHPGIQGNL NSYYSQQGVP ASITFFSPSG 
       210        220        230        240        250
LTYSLKHIQE LSGDNIDQIK FAAIGPTTAR ALAAQGLPVS CTAESPTPQA 
       260 
LATGIRKALQ PHGCC
Length:265
Mass (Da):28,628
Last modified:July 1, 1989 - v1
Checksum:iCEF171401361F61E
GO

Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi

There are 6 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basket
EntryEntry nameProtein names
Gene namesLengthAnnotation
Q5T3L8Q5T3L8_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen III synthase (Cong...
UROS hCG_1727047
139Annotation score:
Q5T3L7Q5T3L7_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
UROS
133Annotation score:
Q5T3L9Q5T3L9_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
UROS
185Annotation score:
A0A087X021A0A087X021_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
UROS
122Annotation score:
A0A087WUV7A0A087WUV7_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
UROS
110Annotation score:
A0A087WZB7A0A087WZB7_HUMAN
Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
UROS
68Annotation score:

Natural variant

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Natural variantiVAR_0216153V → F in CEP; no residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs773301339Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_0036744L → F in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908015EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367519Y → C in CEP. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_02161647S → P in CEP; severe cutaneous lesions; less than 3% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs397515527EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367653P → L in CEP; severe phenotype; no detectable activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908013EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367762T → A in CEP; does not affect enzymatic activity. 2 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs28941775EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00367866A → V in CEP; mild phenotype; residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs28941774EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_02161769A → T in CEP; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_00367973C → R in CEP; frequent mutation in Western countries; severe phenotype; no detectable activity. 5 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908012EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00368082V → F in CEP; mild phenotype; high residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908016EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_00368199V → A in CEP. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_003682104A → V in CEP; residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs397515528EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_049345124K → R. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs17153561Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_021618129I → T in CEP; no residual activity. 1 Publication1
Natural variantiVAR_049346171V → G. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs17173752EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_013558188G → R in CEP; less than 5% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908017EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_021619188G → W in CEP; mild phenotype; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908017EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_021620210 – 211EL → HIQSQAQSQAQDN in CEP. 1 Publication2
Natural variantiVAR_003683212S → P in CEP; no residual activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs139388833Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_021621219I → S in CEP; moderately-severe phenotype; less than 2% wild-type activity. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs767029901Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_003684225G → S in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908020EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_003685228T → M in CEP; no detectable activity. 3 PublicationsCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908014EnsemblClinVar.1
Natural variantiVAR_067318237L → P in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs777433697Ensembl.1
Natural variantiVAR_066247248P → Q in CEP. 1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs121908021EnsemblClinVar.1

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
J03824 mRNA Translation: AAA60273.1
AF230665 mRNA Translation: AAG36795.1
AH010036 Genomic DNA Translation: AAG36794.1
AK314896 mRNA Translation: BAG37410.1
AL360176 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471066 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW49221.1
CH471066 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW49222.1
BC002573 mRNA Translation: AAH02573.1
CCDSiCCDS7648.1
PIRiA40483
RefSeqiNP_000366.1, NM_000375.2
UniGeneiHs.501376
Hs.684451

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000368786; ENSP00000357775; ENSG00000188690
ENST00000368797; ENSP00000357787; ENSG00000188690
GeneIDi7390
KEGGihsa:7390
UCSCiuc001liw.5 human

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Polymorphism

Similar proteinsi

Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
J03824 mRNA Translation: AAA60273.1
AF230665 mRNA Translation: AAG36795.1
AH010036 Genomic DNA Translation: AAG36794.1
AK314896 mRNA Translation: BAG37410.1
AL360176 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471066 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW49221.1
CH471066 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW49222.1
BC002573 mRNA Translation: AAH02573.1
CCDSiCCDS7648.1
PIRiA40483
RefSeqiNP_000366.1, NM_000375.2
UniGeneiHs.501376
Hs.684451

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:
PDBei
RCSB PDBi
PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1JR2X-ray1.84A/B1-265[»]
ProteinModelPortaliP10746
SMRiP10746
ModBaseiSearch...
MobiDBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridi113236, 13 interactors
IntActiP10746, 2 interactors
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000357775

Chemistry databases

ChEMBLiCHEMBL4433

PTM databases

iPTMnetiP10746
PhosphoSitePlusiP10746

Polymorphism and mutation databases

BioMutaiUROS
DMDMi122849

Proteomic databases

EPDiP10746
MaxQBiP10746
PaxDbiP10746
PeptideAtlasiP10746
PRIDEiP10746
ProteomicsDBi52644

Protocols and materials databases

DNASUi7390
Structural Biology KnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000368786; ENSP00000357775; ENSG00000188690
ENST00000368797; ENSP00000357787; ENSG00000188690
GeneIDi7390
KEGGihsa:7390
UCSCiuc001liw.5 human

Organism-specific databases

CTDi7390
DisGeNETi7390
EuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000188690.12
GeneCardsiUROS
GeneReviewsiUROS
HGNCiHGNC:12592 UROS
HPAiHPA044038
MalaCardsiUROS
MIMi263700 phenotype
606938 gene
neXtProtiNX_P10746
OpenTargetsiENSG00000188690
Orphaneti79277 Congenital erythropoietic porphyria
PharmGKBiPA37222
GenAtlasiSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG4132 Eukaryota
COG1587 LUCA
GeneTreeiENSGT00390000009853
HOGENOMiHOG000007209
HOVERGENiHBG000492
InParanoidiP10746
KOiK01719
OMAiDQIKFAA
OrthoDBiEOG091G0F70
PhylomeDBiP10746
TreeFamiTF324092

Enzyme and pathway databases

UniPathwayi
UPA00251;UER00320

BioCyciMetaCyc:HS07569-MONOMER
BRENDAi4.2.1.75 2681
ReactomeiR-HSA-189451 Heme biosynthesis

Miscellaneous databases

EvolutionaryTraceiP10746
GenomeRNAii7390
PROiPR:P10746
SOURCEiSearch...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000188690 Expressed in 219 organ(s), highest expression level in caudate nucleus
CleanExiHS_UROS
ExpressionAtlasiP10746 baseline and differential
GenevisibleiP10746 HS

Family and domain databases

CDDicd06578 HemD, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR036108 4pyrrol_syn_uPrphyn_synt_sf
IPR003754 4pyrrol_synth_uPrphyn_synth
IPR039793 UROS/Hem4
PANTHERiPTHR12390 PTHR12390, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF02602 HEM4, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF69618 SSF69618, 1 hit
ProtoNetiSearch...

Entry informationi

Entry nameiHEM4_HUMAN
AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P10746
Secondary accession number(s): B2RC13, D3DRF7, Q9H2T1
Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: July 1, 1989
Last sequence update: July 1, 1989
Last modified: November 7, 2018
This is version 178 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
  2. Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
    List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
  3. Human polymorphisms and disease mutations
    Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations
  4. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  5. PATHWAY comments
    Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways
  6. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  7. Human chromosome 10
    Human chromosome 10: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
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