Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• chromatin binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination."
    Olson L.E., Tollkuhn J., Scafoglio C., Krones A., Zhang J., Ohgi K.A., Wu W., Taketo M.M., Kemler R., Grosschedl R., Rose D., Li X., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Cell 125:593-605(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Sustained Notch signaling in progenitors is required for sequential emergence of distinct cell lineages during organogenesis."
    Zhu X., Zhang J., Tollkuhn J., Ohsawa R., Bresnick E.H., Guillemot F., Kageyama R., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Genes Dev. 20:2739-2753(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types."
    Dasen J.S., O'Connell S.M., Flynn S.E., Treier M., Gleiberman A.S., Szeto D.P., Hooshmand F., Aggarwal A.K., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Cell 97:587-598(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Cross-repression, a functional consequence of the physical interaction of non-liganded nuclear receptors and POU domain transcription factors."
    Gonzalez M.M., Carlberg C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:18501-18509(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: NTNU_SB <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A Pit-1 threonine 220 phosphomimic reduces binding to monomeric DNA sites to inhibit Ras and estrogen stimulation of the prolactin gene promoter."
    Jean A., Gutierrez-Hartmann A., Duval D.L.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 24:91-103(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Identification of a dominant negative homeodomain mutation in Rieger syndrome."
    Saadi I., Semina E.V., Amendt B.A., Harris D.J., Murphy K.P., Murray J.C., Russo A.F.
    J. Biol. Chem. 276:23034-23041(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Cross-repression, a functional consequence of the physical interaction of non-liganded nuclear receptors and POU domain transcription factors."
    Gonzalez M.M., Carlberg C.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:18501-18509(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Opposing LSD1 complexes function in developmental gene activation and repression programmes."
    Wang J., Scully K., Zhu X., Cai L., Zhang J., Prefontaine G.G., Krones A., Ohgi K.A., Zhu P., Garcia-Bassets I., Liu F., Taylor H., Lozach J., Jayes F.L., Korach K.S., Glass C.K., Fu X.D., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Nature 446:882-887(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Structure and regulation of the human growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene."
    Petersenn S., Rasch A.C., Heyens M., Schulte H.M.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 12:233-247(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: UniProtKB
• RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Dominant negative dimerization of a mutant homeodomain protein in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome."
    Saadi I., Kuburas A., Engle J.J., Russo A.F.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:1968-1982(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The molecular basis of Rieger syndrome. Analysis of Pitx2 homeodomain protein activities."
    Amendt B.A., Sutherland L.B., Semina E.V., Russo A.F.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:20066-20072(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: NTNU_SBInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A Pit-1 threonine 220 phosphomimic reduces binding to monomeric DNA sites to inhibit Ras and estrogen stimulation of the prolactin gene promoter."
    Jean A., Gutierrez-Hartmann A., Duval D.L.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 24:91-103(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Functional characterization of a human POU1F1 mutation associated with isolated growth hormone deficiency: a novel etiology for IGHD."
    Sobrier M.L., Tsai Y.C., Perez C., Leheup B., Bouceba T., Duquesnoy P., Copin B., Sizova D., Penzo A., Stanger B.Z., Cooke N.E., Liebhaber S.A., Amselem S.
    Hum. Mol. Genet. 25:472-483(2016) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• sequence-specific DNA binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Sperm 1: a POU-domain gene transiently expressed immediately before meiosis I in the male germ cell."
    Andersen B., Pearse R.V. II, Schlegel P.N., Cichon Z., Schonemann M.D., Bardin C.W., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:11084-11088(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Opposing LSD1 complexes function in developmental gene activation and repression programmes."
    Wang J., Scully K., Zhu X., Cai L., Zhang J., Prefontaine G.G., Krones A., Ohgi K.A., Zhu P., Garcia-Bassets I., Liu F., Taylor H., Lozach J., Jayes F.L., Korach K.S., Glass C.K., Fu X.D., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Nature 446:882-887(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• adenohypophysis development Source: RGDInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Repression of the prolactin promoter: a functional consequence of the heterodimerization between Pit-1 and Pit-1 beta."
    Sporici R.A., Hodskins J.S., Locasto D.M., Meszaros L.B., Ferry A.L., Weidner A.M., Rinehart C.A., Bailey J.C., Mains I.M., Diamond S.E.
    J. Mol. Endocrinol. 35:317-331(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• B cell differentiation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Primary B cell development is impaired in mice with defects of the pituitary/thyroid axis."
    Montecino-Rodriguez E., Clark R.G., Powell-Braxton L., Dorshkind K.
    J. Immunol. 159:2712-2719(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cell fate specification Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types."
    Dasen J.S., O'Connell S.M., Flynn S.E., Treier M., Gleiberman A.S., Szeto D.P., Hooshmand F., Aggarwal A.K., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Cell 97:587-598(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• determination of adult lifespan Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Lifespan extension and delayed immune and collagen aging in mutant mice with defects in growth hormone production."
    Flurkey K., Papaconstantinou J., Miller R.A., Harrison D.E.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:6736-6741(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: RGD <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Differential utilization of transcription activation subdomains by distinct coactivators regulates Pit-1 basal and Ras responsiveness."
    Duval D.L., Jonsen M.D., Diamond S.E., Murapa P., Jean A., Gutierrez-Hartmann A.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 21:172-185(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• pituitary gland development Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Cell proliferation and vascularization in mouse models of pituitary hormone deficiency."
    Ward R.D., Stone B.M., Raetzman L.T., Camper S.A.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 20:1378-1390(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Cell proliferation and vascularization in mouse models of pituitary hormone deficiency."
    Ward R.D., Stone B.M., Raetzman L.T., Camper S.A.
    Mol. Endocrinol. 20:1378-1390(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Lifespan extension and delayed immune and collagen aging in mutant mice with defects in growth hormone production."
    Flurkey K., Papaconstantinou J., Miller R.A., Harrison D.E.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:6736-6741(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of multicellular organism growth Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Sustained Notch signaling in progenitors is required for sequential emergence of distinct cell lineages during organogenesis."
    Zhu X., Zhang J., Tollkuhn J., Ohsawa R., Bresnick E.H., Guillemot F., Kageyama R., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Genes Dev. 20:2739-2753(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Somatomedin activity in sera of genetically small mice."
    Nissley S.P., Knazek R.A., Wolff G.L.
    Horm. Metab. Res. 12:158-164(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of a novel zinc finger protein binding a conserved element critical for Pit-1-dependent growth hormone gene expression."
    Lipkin S.M., Naar A.M., Kalla K.A., Sack R.A., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Genes Dev. 7:1674-1687(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Identification of a novel zinc finger protein binding a conserved element critical for Pit-1-dependent growth hormone gene expression."
    Lipkin S.M., Naar A.M., Kalla K.A., Sack R.A., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Genes Dev. 7:1674-1687(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Somatomedin activity in sera of genetically small mice."
    Nissley S.P., Knazek R.A., Wolff G.L.
    Horm. Metab. Res. 12:158-164(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Identification of a dominant negative homeodomain mutation in Rieger syndrome."
    Saadi I., Semina E.V., Amendt B.A., Harris D.J., Murphy K.P., Murray J.C., Russo A.F.
    J. Biol. Chem. 276:23034-23041(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• somatotropin secreting cell development Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Sustained Notch signaling in progenitors is required for sequential emergence of distinct cell lineages during organogenesis."
    Zhu X., Zhang J., Tollkuhn J., Ohsawa R., Bresnick E.H., Guillemot F., Kageyama R., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Genes Dev. 20:2739-2753(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• somatotropin secreting cell differentiation Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Pit-1-dependent expression of the receptor for growth hormone releasing factor mediates pituitary cell growth."
    Lin C.R., Lin S.-C., Chang C.P., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Nature 360:765-768(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Etiology of growth hormone deficiency in little, Ames, and Snell dwarf mice."
    Cheng T.C., Beamer W.G., Phillips J.A., Bartke A., Mallonee R.L., Dowling C.
    Endocrinology 113:1669-1678(1983) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section%27">Interaction</a> section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated on a monthly basis. Each binary interaction is displayed on a separate line.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Dominant negative dimerization of a mutant homeodomain protein in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome."
    Saadi I., Kuburas A., Engle J.J., Russo A.F.
    Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:1968-1982(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "The molecular basis of Rieger syndrome. Analysis of Pitx2 homeodomain protein activities."
    Amendt B.A., Sutherland L.B., Semina E.V., Russo A.F.
    J. Biol. Chem. 273:20066-20072(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Functional characterization of a human POU1F1 mutation associated with isolated growth hormone deficiency: a novel etiology for IGHD."
    Sobrier M.L., Tsai Y.C., Perez C., Leheup B., Bouceba T., Duquesnoy P., Copin B., Sizova D., Penzo A., Stanger B.Z., Cooke N.E., Liebhaber S.A., Amselem S.
    Hum. Mol. Genet. 25:472-483(2016) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• transcription factor binding Source: RGDInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Opposing LSD1 complexes function in developmental gene activation and repression programmes."
    Wang J., Scully K., Zhu X., Cai L., Zhang J., Prefontaine G.G., Krones A., Ohgi K.A., Zhu P., Garcia-Bassets I., Liu F., Taylor H., Lozach J., Jayes F.L., Korach K.S., Glass C.K., Fu X.D., Rosenfeld M.G.
    Nature 446:882-887(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (2)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

        10         20         30         40         50
MSCQPFTSAD TFIPLNSDAS AALPLRMHHS AAEGLPASNH ATNVMSTATG 
        60         70         80         90        100
LHYSVPSCHY GNQPSTYGVM AGTLTPCLYK FPDHTLSHGF PPLHQPLLAE 
       110        120        130        140        150
DPTASEFKQE LRRKSKLVEE PIDMDSPEIR ELEQFANEFK VRRIKLGYTQ 
       160        170        180        190        200
TNVGEALAAV HGSEFSQTTI CRFENLQLSF KNACKLKAIL SKWLEEAEQV 
       210        220        230        240        250
GALYNEKVGA NERKRKRRTT ISIAAKDALE RHFGEHSKPS SQEIMRMAEE 
       260        270        280        290 
LNLEKEVVRV WFCNRRQREK RVKTSLNQSL FSISKEHLEC R          

        10         20         30         40         50
MSCQPFTSAD TFIPLNSDAS AALPLRMHHS AAEGLPASNH ATNVMSTVPS 
        60         70         80         90        100
ILSLIQTPKC LHTYFSMTTM GNTATGLHYS VPSCHYGNQP STYGVMAGTL 
       110        120        130        140        150
TPCLYKFPDH TLSHGFPPLH QPLLAEDPTA SEFKQELRRK SKLVEEPIDM 
       160        170        180        190        200
DSPEIRELEQ FANEFKVRRI KLGYTQTNVG EALAAVHGSE FSQTTICRFE 
       210        220        230        240        250
NLQLSFKNAC KLKAILSKWL EEAEQVGALY NEKVGANERK RKRRTTISIA 
       260        270        280        290        300
AKDALERHFG EHSKPSSQEI MRMAEELNLE KEVVRVWFCN RRQREKRVKT 
       310 
SLNQSLFSIS KEHLECR                                     

<p>This subsection of the ‘Sequence’ section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
2. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families