UniProtKB - P0C0S8 (H2A1_HUMAN)
Functioni
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
GO - Molecular functioni
- DNA binding Source: GO_Central
- enzyme binding Source: UniProtKB
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: InterPro
GO - Biological processi
- chromatin organization Source: GO_Central
Keywordsi
Molecular function | DNA-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-HSA-3214815 HDACs deacetylate histones R-HSA-3214847 HATs acetylate histones R-HSA-3214858 RMTs methylate histone arginines R-HSA-5689603 UCH proteinases R-HSA-5689880 Ub-specific processing proteases R-HSA-5689901 Metalloprotease DUBs |
SIGNORi | P0C0S8 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Histone H2A type 1Short name: H2A.1 Alternative name(s): Histone H2A/ptl |
Gene namesi | Name:HIST1H2AG Synonyms:H2AFP AND Name:HIST1H2AI Synonyms:H2AFC AND Name:HIST1H2AK Synonyms:H2AFD AND Name:HIST1H2AL Synonyms:H2AFI AND Name:HIST1H2AM Synonyms:H2AFN |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
EuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000196747.4 HostDB:ENSG00000196787.3 HostDB:ENSG00000275221.1 HostDB:ENSG00000276903.1 HostDB:ENSG00000278677.1 |
HGNCi | HGNC:4737 HIST1H2AG HGNC:4725 HIST1H2AI HGNC:4726 HIST1H2AK HGNC:4730 HIST1H2AL HGNC:4735 HIST1H2AM |
MIMi | 602787 gene 602788 gene 602793 gene 602796 gene 615012 gene |
neXtProti | NX_P0C0S8 |
Subcellular locationi
Nucleus
Other locations
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular exosome Source: UniProtKB
Nucleus
- nuclear chromatin Source: GO_Central
- nucleus Source: UniProtKB
Other locations
- nucleosome Source: UniProtKB-KW
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Chromosome, Nucleosome core, NucleusPathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 2 | S → A: Blocks the inhibition of transcription by RPS6KA5/MSK1. 1 Publication | 1 |
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 8332 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000196747 ENSG00000196787 ENSG00000275221 ENSG00000276903 ENSG00000278677 |
PharmGKBi | PA29114 |
Polymorphism and mutation databases
BioMutai | HIST1H2AI |
DMDMi | 83288406 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methioninei | RemovedBy similarity | |||
ChainiPRO_0000055235 | 2 – 130 | Histone H2A type 1Add BLAST | 129 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 2 | N-acetylserine3 Publications | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 2 | Phosphoserine; by RPS6KA52 Publications | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 4 | Citrulline; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 4 | Symmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT5; alternateBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 6 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 10 | N6-succinyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 14 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Cross-linki | 14 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate2 Publications | ||
Cross-linki | 16 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin)2 Publications | ||
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 37 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 75 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 76 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 96 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 96 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 96 | N6-succinyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 105 | N5-methylglutamine1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 119 | N6-(2-hydroxyisobutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 119 | N6-(beta-hydroxybutyryl)lysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 119 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 120 | N6-crotonyllysine; alternate1 Publication | 1 | |
Cross-linki | 120 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate4 Publications | ||
Modified residuei | 121 | Phosphothreonine; by DCAF12 Publications | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 126 | N6-crotonyllysine1 Publication | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.1 Publication
Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM27 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by TRIM27 may promote transformation of cells in a number of breast cancers (PubMed:25470042). Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (PubMed:27083998). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.12 Publications
Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.6 Publications
Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.By similarity
Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex (PubMed:24352239).1 Publication
Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.1 Publication
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, Citrullination, Hydroxylation, Isopeptide bond, Methylation, Phosphoprotein, Ubl conjugationProteomic databases
EPDi | P0C0S8 |
jPOSTi | P0C0S8 |
MaxQBi | P0C0S8 |
PaxDbi | P0C0S8 |
PeptideAtlasi | P0C0S8 |
PRIDEi | P0C0S8 |
ProteomicsDBi | 52296 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P0C0S8 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P0C0S8 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P0C0S8 |
SwissPalmi | P0C0S8 |
Expressioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000196747 Expressed in 71 organ(s), highest expression level in stomach |
Genevisiblei | P0C0S8 HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | HPA041189 |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Binary interactionsi
GO - Molecular functioni
- enzyme binding Source: UniProtKB
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: InterPro
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGridi | 113925, 12 interactors 113926, 12 interactors 113928, 10 interactors 113932, 12 interactors 114459, 54 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-39638N |
IntActi | P0C0S8, 30 interactors |
MINTi | P0C0S8 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000352627 |
Structurei
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
4QYL | X-ray | 1.80 | E/F/G/H | 2-13 | [»] | |
5KGF | electron microscopy | 4.54 | C/G | 1-130 | [»] | |
ProteinModelPortali | P0C0S8 | |||||
SMRi | P0C0S8 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
MobiDBi | Search... |
Family & Domainsi
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the histone H2A family.Curated
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1756 Eukaryota COG5262 LUCA |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000153125 |
HOGENOMi | HOG000234652 |
HOVERGENi | HBG009342 |
InParanoidi | P0C0S8 |
KOi | K11251 |
OrthoDBi | 1504122at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P0C0S8 |
TreeFami | TF300137 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00074 H2A, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 1.10.20.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009072 Histone-fold IPR002119 Histone_H2A IPR007125 Histone_H2A/H2B/H3 IPR032454 Histone_H2A_C IPR032458 Histone_H2A_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00125 Histone, 1 hit PF16211 Histone_H2A_C, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00620 HISTONEH2A |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00414 H2A, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47113 SSF47113, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00046 HISTONE_H2A, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P0C0S8-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MSGRGKQGGK ARAKAKTRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGNY AERVGAGAPV
60 70 80 90 100
YLAAVLEYLT AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAIRN DEELNKLLGK
110 120 130
VTIAQGGVLP NIQAVLLPKK TESHHKAKGK
Mass spectrometryi
Molecular mass is 13993.9 Da from positions 2 - 130. Determined by ESI. Monoisotopic with N-acetylserine.1 Publication
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | Z83742 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB06037.1 Z83739 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB06034.1 X83549 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA58539.1 X57138 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA40417.1 L19778 mRNA Translation: AAC24466.1 AY131987 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59968.1 AY131989 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59970.1 AY131991 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59972.1 AY131992 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59973.1 AY131993 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59974.1 Z98744 Genomic DNA No translation available. AL009179 Genomic DNA No translation available. AL021807 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC016677 mRNA Translation: AAH16677.1 BC069306 mRNA Translation: AAH69306.1 BC104199 mRNA Translation: AAI04200.1 BC104198 mRNA Translation: AAI04199.1 BC105129 mRNA Translation: AAI05130.1 BC112072 mRNA Translation: AAI12073.1 BC112254 mRNA Translation: AAI12255.1 BC112256 mRNA Translation: AAI12257.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS4619.1 CCDS4626.1 CCDS4632.1 CCDS4634.1 CCDS4639.1 |
PIRi | B56624 HSHUA1 |
RefSeqi | NP_003500.1, NM_003509.2 NP_003501.1, NM_003510.2 NP_003502.1, NM_003511.2 NP_003505.1, NM_003514.2 NP_066408.1, NM_021064.4 |
UniGenei | Hs.134999 Hs.233568 Hs.51011 Hs.534035 Hs.734717 |
Genome annotation databases
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | Z83742 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB06037.1 Z83739 Genomic DNA Translation: CAB06034.1 X83549 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA58539.1 X57138 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA40417.1 L19778 mRNA Translation: AAC24466.1 AY131987 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59968.1 AY131989 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59970.1 AY131991 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59972.1 AY131992 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59973.1 AY131993 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN59974.1 Z98744 Genomic DNA No translation available. AL009179 Genomic DNA No translation available. AL021807 Genomic DNA No translation available. BC016677 mRNA Translation: AAH16677.1 BC069306 mRNA Translation: AAH69306.1 BC104199 mRNA Translation: AAI04200.1 BC104198 mRNA Translation: AAI04199.1 BC105129 mRNA Translation: AAI05130.1 BC112072 mRNA Translation: AAI12073.1 BC112254 mRNA Translation: AAI12255.1 BC112256 mRNA Translation: AAI12257.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS4619.1 CCDS4626.1 CCDS4632.1 CCDS4634.1 CCDS4639.1 |
PIRi | B56624 HSHUA1 |
RefSeqi | NP_003500.1, NM_003509.2 NP_003501.1, NM_003510.2 NP_003502.1, NM_003511.2 NP_003505.1, NM_003514.2 NP_066408.1, NM_021064.4 |
UniGenei | Hs.134999 Hs.233568 Hs.51011 Hs.534035 Hs.734717 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
4QYL | X-ray | 1.80 | E/F/G/H | 2-13 | [»] | |
5KGF | electron microscopy | 4.54 | C/G | 1-130 | [»] | |
ProteinModelPortali | P0C0S8 | |||||
SMRi | P0C0S8 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
MobiDBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGridi | 113925, 12 interactors 113926, 12 interactors 113928, 10 interactors 113932, 12 interactors 114459, 54 interactors |
DIPi | DIP-39638N |
IntActi | P0C0S8, 30 interactors |
MINTi | P0C0S8 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000352627 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | P0C0S8 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P0C0S8 |
SwissPalmi | P0C0S8 |
Polymorphism and mutation databases
BioMutai | HIST1H2AI |
DMDMi | 83288406 |
Proteomic databases
EPDi | P0C0S8 |
jPOSTi | P0C0S8 |
MaxQBi | P0C0S8 |
PaxDbi | P0C0S8 |
PeptideAtlasi | P0C0S8 |
PRIDEi | P0C0S8 |
ProteomicsDBi | 52296 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P0C0S8 |
Protocols and materials databases
DNASUi | 8329 8330 8332 8969 |
Structural Biology Knowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 8329 8330 8332 8336 8969 |
DisGeNETi | 8332 |
EuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000196747.4 HostDB:ENSG00000196787.3 HostDB:ENSG00000275221.1 HostDB:ENSG00000276903.1 HostDB:ENSG00000278677.1 |
GeneCardsi | HIST1H2AG HIST1H2AI HIST1H2AK HIST1H2AL HIST1H2AM |
H-InvDBi | HIX0200889 |
HGNCi | HGNC:4737 HIST1H2AG HGNC:4725 HIST1H2AI HGNC:4726 HIST1H2AK HGNC:4730 HIST1H2AL HGNC:4735 HIST1H2AM |
HPAi | HPA041189 |
MIMi | 602787 gene 602788 gene 602793 gene 602796 gene 615012 gene |
neXtProti | NX_P0C0S8 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000196747 ENSG00000196787 ENSG00000275221 ENSG00000276903 ENSG00000278677 |
PharmGKBi | PA29114 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG1756 Eukaryota COG5262 LUCA |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000153125 |
HOGENOMi | HOG000234652 |
HOVERGENi | HBG009342 |
InParanoidi | P0C0S8 |
KOi | K11251 |
OrthoDBi | 1504122at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P0C0S8 |
TreeFami | TF300137 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-HSA-3214815 HDACs deacetylate histones R-HSA-3214847 HATs acetylate histones R-HSA-3214858 RMTs methylate histone arginines R-HSA-5689603 UCH proteinases R-HSA-5689880 Ub-specific processing proteases R-HSA-5689901 Metalloprotease DUBs |
SIGNORi | P0C0S8 |
Miscellaneous databases
ChiTaRSi | HIST1H2AM human |
GeneWikii | HIST1H2AG HIST1H2AI HIST1H2AK HIST1H2AL HIST1H2AM |
PROi | PR:P0C0S8 |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000196747 Expressed in 71 organ(s), highest expression level in stomach |
Genevisiblei | P0C0S8 HS |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00074 H2A, 1 hit |
Gene3Di | 1.10.20.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009072 Histone-fold IPR002119 Histone_H2A IPR007125 Histone_H2A/H2B/H3 IPR032454 Histone_H2A_C IPR032458 Histone_H2A_CS |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00125 Histone, 1 hit PF16211 Histone_H2A_C, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00620 HISTONEH2A |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00414 H2A, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF47113 SSF47113, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00046 HISTONE_H2A, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | H2A1_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P0C0S8Primary (citable) accession number: P0C0S8 Secondary accession number(s): P02261, Q2M1R2, Q76PA6 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 21, 1986 |
Last sequence update: | January 23, 2007 | |
Last modified: | February 13, 2019 | |
This is version 141 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Complete proteome, Reference proteomeDocuments
- SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - Human chromosome 6
Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM