Glutathione peroxidase 1

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">Function</a> section describes the catalytic activity of an enzyme, i.e. a chemical reaction that the enzyme catalyzes.<p><a href='/help/catalytic_activity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Catalytic activityⁱ

• 2 glutathione

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  + H₂O₂

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  = glutathione disulfide

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  + 2 H₂O

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  EC:1.11.1.9
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  Source: Rhea

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  2

  glutathione

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  zoom

  +

  H₂O₂

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  =

  glutathione disulfide

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  zoom

  +

  2

  H₂O

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Sites

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• glutathione peroxidase activity Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Overexpression of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) delays endothelial cell growth and increases resistance to toxic challenges."
    Faucher K., Rabinovitch-Chable H., Barriere G., Cook-Moreau J., Rigaud M.
    Biochimie 85:611-617(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• peroxidase activity Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• SH3 domain binding Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase 1 is regulated by the c-Abl and Arg tyrosine kinases."
    Cao C., Leng Y., Huang W., Liu X., Kufe D.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:39609-39614(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• angiogenesis involved in wound healing Source: Ensembl
• blood vessel endothelial cell migration Source: Ensembl
• cell redox homeostasis Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Overexpression of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) delays endothelial cell growth and increases resistance to toxic challenges."
    Faucher K., Rabinovitch-Chable H., Barriere G., Cook-Moreau J., Rigaud M.
    Biochimie 85:611-617(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to oxidative stress Source: Reactome
• endothelial cell development Source: Ensembl
• fat cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
• glutathione metabolic process Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Overexpression of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) delays endothelial cell growth and increases resistance to toxic challenges."
    Faucher K., Rabinovitch-Chable H., Barriere G., Cook-Moreau J., Rigaud M.
    Biochimie 85:611-617(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• heart contraction Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase 1 activity and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease."
    Blankenberg S., Rupprecht H.J., Bickel C., Torzewski M., Hafner G., Tiret L., Smieja M., Cambien F., Meyer J., Lackner K.J.
    N. Engl. J. Med. 349:1605-1613(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "GPx-1 modulates Akt and P70S6K phosphorylation and Gadd45 levels in MCF-7 cells."
    Nasr M.A., Fedele M.J., Esser K., Diamond A.M.
    Free Radic. Biol. Med. 37:187-195(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• interaction with symbiont Source: Ensembl
• lipoxygenase pathway Source: Reactome
• myoblast proliferation Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase-1 protects from CD95-induced apoptosis."
    Gouaze V., Andrieu-Abadie N., Cuvillier O., Malagarie-Cazenave S., Frisach M.F., Mirault M.E., Levade T.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:42867-42874(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase-1 protects from CD95-induced apoptosis."
    Gouaze V., Andrieu-Abadie N., Cuvillier O., Malagarie-Cazenave S., Frisach M.F., Mirault M.E., Levade T.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:42867-42874(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase-1 protects from CD95-induced apoptosis."
    Gouaze V., Andrieu-Abadie N., Cuvillier O., Malagarie-Cazenave S., Frisach M.F., Mirault M.E., Levade T.
    J. Biol. Chem. 277:42867-42874(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling Source: Ensembl
• positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
• protein oxidation Source: Ensembl
• purine nucleotide catabolic process Source: Reactome
• regulation of gene expression, epigenetic Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Overexpression of human GPX1 modifies Bax to Bcl-2 apoptotic ratio in human endothelial cells."
    Faucher K., Rabinovitch-Chable H., Cook-Moreau J., Barriere G., Sturtz F., Rigaud M.
    Mol. Cell. Biochem. 277:81-87(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Gene x Gene interaction between MnSOD and GPX-1 and breast cancer risk: a nested case-control study."
    Cox D.G., Tamimi R.M., Hunter D.J.
    BMC Cancer 6:217-217(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Modulation of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome by intracellular redox status: effects of glutathione peroxidase-1 overexpression and antioxidant drugs."
    Kretz-Remy C., Arrigo A.P.
    Biol. Chem. 384:589-595(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to gamma radiation Source: Ensembl
• response to hydrogen peroxide Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Overexpression of cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) delays endothelial cell growth and increases resistance to toxic challenges."
    Faucher K., Rabinovitch-Chable H., Barriere G., Cook-Moreau J., Rigaud M.
    Biochimie 85:611-617(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to hydroperoxide Source: Ensembl
• response to selenium ion Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Role of glutathione peroxidase 1 in breast cancer: loss of heterozygosity and allelic differences in the response to selenium."
    Hu Y.J., Diamond A.M.
    Cancer Res. 63:3347-3351(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to symbiotic bacterium Source: Ensembl
• response to xenobiotic stimulus Source: Ensembl
• sensory perception of sound Source: Ensembl
• skeletal muscle fiber development Source: Ensembl
• skeletal muscle tissue regeneration Source: Ensembl
• temperature homeostasis Source: Ensembl
• triglyceride metabolic process Source: Ensembl
• UV protection Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase-1 inhibits UVA-induced AP-2alpha expression in human keratinocytes."
    Yu L., Venkataraman S., Coleman M.C., Spitz D.R., Wertz P.W., Domann F.E.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351:1066-1071(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• vasodilation Source: Ensembl

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous databases

Chemistry databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm_processing_section">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

2D gel databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction_section">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function_section">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• SH3 domain binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Glutathione peroxidase 1 is regulated by the c-Abl and Arg tyrosine kinases."
    Cao C., Leng Y., Huang W., Liu X., Kufe D.
    J. Biol. Chem. 278:39609-39614(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

<p>This subsection of the ‘Family and domains’ section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence_length">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (2+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences_section">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical_and_isoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

This entry has 2 described isoforms and 4 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MCAARLAAAA AAAQSVYAFS ARPLAGGEPV SLGSLRGKVL LIENVASLUG 
        60         70         80         90        100
TTVRDYTQMN ELQRRLGPRG LVVLGFPCNQ FGHQENAKNE EILNSLKYVR 
       110        120        130        140        150
PGGGFEPNFM LFEKCEVNGA GAHPLFAFLR EALPAPSDDA TALMTDPKLI 
       160        170        180        190        200
TWSPVCRNDV AWNFEKFLVG PDGVPLRRYS RRFQTIDIEP DIEALLSQGP 

SCA                                                    

        10         20         30         40         50
MCAARLAAAA AAAQSVYAFS ARPLAGGEPV SLGSLRGKVL LIENVASLUG 
        60         70         80         90 
TTVRDYTQMN ELQRRLGPRG LVVLGFPCNQ FGHQVRRAER GGAGADVQ   

Experimental Info

Natural variant

Alternative sequence

Non-standard residue

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/cross_references_section">Cross-references</a> section provides links to various web resources that are relevant for a specific protein.<p><a href='/help/web_resource' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Web resourcesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Polymorphism and mutation databases

2D gel databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn’t fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. Human chromosome 3
   Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
2. PDB cross-references
   Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
3. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families
4. Human polymorphisms and disease mutations
   Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations
5. MIM cross-references
   Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
6. Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations
   List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations