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UniProtKB - P05109 (S10A8_HUMAN)

Entry version 223 (23 Feb 2022)
Sequence version 1 (01 Jan 1988)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Protein S100-A8

Gene

S100A8

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinflammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn2+ which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants. Can act as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread. The iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex directs selective inflammatory stimulus-dependent S-nitrosylation of GAPDH and probably multiple targets such as ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM by recognizing a [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif; S100A8 seems to contribute to S-nitrosylation site selectivity.

12 Publications

(Microbial infection) Upon infection by human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, may induce expansion of aberrant immature neutrophils in a TLR4-dependent manner.

1 Publication

Miscellaneous

Binds two calcium ions per molecule with an affinity similar to that of the S100 proteins.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes regulatory mechanisms for enzymes, transporters or microbial transcription factors, and reports the components which regulate (by activation or inhibition) the reaction.<p><a href='/help/activity_regulation' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Activity regulationi

Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) activity on TLR4 signaling is inhibited by paquinimod.By similarity

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section indicates at which position the protein binds a given metal ion. The nature of the metal is indicated in the 'Description' field.<p><a href='/help/metal' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Metal bindingi17ZincCurated1
Metal bindingi27ZincCurated1
Metal bindingi83ZincCurated1
Metal bindingi87ZincCurated1

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section specifies the position(s) of the calcium-binding region(s) within the protein. One common calcium-binding motif is the EF-hand, but other calcium-binding motifs also exist.<p><a href='/help/ca_bind' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Calcium bindingi20 – 331; low affinityAdd BLAST14
Calcium bindingi59 – 702; high affinityAdd BLAST12

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionAntimicrobial
Biological processApoptosis, Autophagy, Chemotaxis, Immunity, Inflammatory response, Innate immunity
LigandCalcium, Metal-binding, Zinc

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway Commons web resource for biological pathway data

More...PathwayCommonsi		P05109

Reactome - a knowledgebase of biological pathways and processes

More...Reactomei		R-HSA-1236974, ER-Phagosome pathway
R-HSA-166058, MyD88:MAL(TIRAP) cascade initiated on plasma membrane
R-HSA-5602498, MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4)
R-HSA-5603041, IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4)
R-HSA-5668599, RHO GTPases Activate NADPH Oxidases
R-HSA-5686938, Regulation of TLR by endogenous ligand
R-HSA-6798695, Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-6799990, Metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins

SignaLink: a signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks

More...SignaLinki		P05109

SIGNOR Signaling Network Open Resource

More...SIGNORi		P05109

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Protein S100-A8Curated
Alternative name(s):
Calgranulin-A
Calprotectin L1L subunit
Cystic fibrosis antigen
Short name:
CFAG
Leukocyte L1 complex light chain
Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8
Short name:
MRP-8
Short name:
p8
S100 calcium-binding protein A8
Urinary stone protein band A
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:S100A8Imported
Synonyms:CAGA, CFAG, MRP8
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome 1

Organism-specific databases

Human Gene Nomenclature Database

More...HGNCi		HGNC:10498, S100A8

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

More...MIMi		123885, gene

neXtProt; the human protein knowledge platform

More...neXtProti		NX_P05109

Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Database Resources

More...VEuPathDBi		HostDB:ENSG00000143546

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Membrane, Secreted

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Mutagenesis

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/pathology%5Fand%5Fbiotech%5Fsection">'Pathology and Biotech'</a> section describes the effect of the experimental mutation of one or more amino acid(s) on the biological properties of the protein.<p><a href='/help/mutagen' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Mutagenesisi42C → A: Loss of antifungal activity. 1 Publication1

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET

More...DisGeNETi		6279

Open Targets

More...OpenTargetsi		ENSG00000143546

The Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

More...PharmGKBi		PA34910

Miscellaneous databases

Pharos NIH Druggable Genome Knowledgebase

More...Pharosi		P05109, Tbio

Chemistry databases

Drug and drug target database

More...DrugBanki		DB01373, Calcium
DB09130, Copper
DB01593, Zinc
DB14487, Zinc acetate
DB14533, Zinc chloride
DB14548, Zinc sulfate, unspecified form

Genetic variation databases

BioMuta curated single-nucleotide variation and disease association database

More...BioMutai		S100A8

Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM)

More...DMDMi		115442

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00001439931 – 93Protein S100-A8Add BLAST93

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei42S-nitrosocysteine1 Publication1

Keywords - PTMi

S-nitrosylation

Proteomic databases

Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics

More...EPDi		P05109

jPOST - Japan Proteome Standard Repository/Database

More...jPOSTi		P05109

MassIVE - Mass Spectrometry Interactive Virtual Environment

More...MassIVEi		P05109

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase

More...MaxQBi		P05109

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P05109

PeptideAtlas

More...PeptideAtlasi		P05109

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P05109

ProteomicsDB: a multi-organism proteome resource

More...ProteomicsDBi		51795

Consortium for Top Down Proteomics

More...TopDownProteomicsi		P05109

2D gel databases

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis database from the Geneva University Hospital

More...SWISS-2DPAGEi		P05109

PTM databases

GlyGen: Computational and Informatics Resources for Glycoscience

More...GlyGeni		P05109, 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site)

iPTMnet integrated resource for PTMs in systems biology context

More...iPTMneti		P05109

Comprehensive resource for the study of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human, mouse and rat.

More...PhosphoSitePlusi		P05109

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityi

Calprotectin (S100A8/9) is predominantly expressed in myeloid cells. Except for inflammatory conditions, the expression is restricted to a specific stage of myeloid differentiation since both proteins are expressed in circulating neutrophils and monocytes but are absent in normal tissue macrophages and lymphocytes. Under chronic inflammatory conditions, such as psoriasis and malignant disorders, also expressed in the epidermis. Found in high concentrations at local sites of inflammation or in the serum of patients with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, giant cell arteritis, cystic fibrosis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and progressive systemic sclerosis. Involved in the formation and deposition of amyloids in the aging prostate known as corpora amylacea inclusions. Strongly up-regulated in many tumors, including gastric, esophageal, colon, pancreatic, bladder, ovarian, thyroid, breast and skin cancers.3 Publications

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section reports the experimentally proven effects of inducers and repressors (usually chemical compounds or environmental factors) on the level of protein (or mRNA) expression (up-regulation, down-regulation, constitutive expression).<p><a href='/help/induction' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Inductioni

(Microbial infection) Expression is highly induced in CD14+ monocytes, neutrophils, and developing neutrophils of patients infected by SARS-COV-2.1 Publication

Gene expression databases

Bgee dataBase for Gene Expression Evolution

More...Bgeei		ENSG00000143546, Expressed in pharyngeal mucosa and 226 other tissues

Genevisible search portal to normalized and curated expression data from Genevestigator

More...Genevisiblei		P05109, HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas

More...HPAi		ENSG00000143546, Group enriched (bone marrow, esophagus, lymphoid tissue, vagina)

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

Homodimer. Preferentially exists as a heterodimer or heterotetramer with S100A9 known as calprotectin (S100A8/A9). S100A8 interacts with AGER, ATP2A2 and with the heterodimeric complex formed by TLR4 and LY96 (By similarity).

Interacts with GAPDH. Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with CEACAM3 and tubulin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. Heterotetrameric calprotectin (S100A8/A9) interacts with ANXA6 and associates with tubulin filaments in activated monocytes. S100A8 and calprotectin (S100A8/9) interact with NCF2/P67PHOX, RAC1 and RAC2. Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with CYBA and CYBB. Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with NOS2 to form the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex; induced by LDL(ox) (PubMed:25417112).

By similarity10 Publications

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsi

Hide details

GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID)

More...BioGRIDi		112187, 147 interactors

ComplexPortal: manually curated resource of macromolecular complexes

More...ComplexPortali		CPX-37, Calprotectin heterotetramer
CPX-39, Calprotectin heterodimer
CPX-42, S100A8 complex
CPX-52, iNOS-S100A8/A9 complex

CORUM comprehensive resource of mammalian protein complexes

More...CORUMi		P05109

Database of interacting proteins

More...DIPi		DIP-1165N

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		P05109, 63 interactors

Molecular INTeraction database

More...MINTi		P05109

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9606.ENSP00000357722

Miscellaneous databases

RNAct, Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms.

More...RNActi		P05109, protein

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

Secondary structure

193
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P05109

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

Protein Data Bank in Europe - Knowledge Base

More...PDBe-KBi		Search...

Miscellaneous databases

Relative evolutionary importance of amino acids within a protein sequence

More...EvolutionaryTracei		P05109

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/family%5Fand%5Fdomains%5Fsection">Family and Domains</a> section describes the position and type of a domain, which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three-dimensional structure or fold.<p><a href='/help/domain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini12 – 47EF-hand 1PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST36
Domaini46 – 81EF-hand 2PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST36

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the S-100 family.Curated

Keywords - Domaini

Repeat

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		ENOG502SA01, Eukaryota

Ensembl GeneTree

More...GeneTreei		ENSGT00910000144329

The HOGENOM Database of Homologous Genes from Fully Sequenced Organisms

More...HOGENOMi		CLU_138624_6_0_1

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P05109

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		NYHAIYR

Database of Orthologous Groups

More...OrthoDBi		334070at2759

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P05109

TreeFam database of animal gene trees

More...TreeFami		TF332727

Family and domain databases

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR011992, EF-hand-dom_pair
IPR018247, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS
IPR002048, EF_hand_dom
IPR001751, S100/CaBP-9k_CS
IPR013787, S100_Ca-bd_sub
IPR028474, S100A8

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR11639:SF5, PTHR11639:SF5, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF01023, S_100, 1 hit

Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool; a protein domain database

More...SMARTi		View protein in SMART
SM01394, S_100, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF47473, SSF47473, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS00018, EF_HAND_1, 1 hit
PS50222, EF_HAND_2, 1 hit
PS00303, S100_CABP, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequencei

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

P05109-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MLTELEKALN SIIDVYHKYS LIKGNFHAVY RDDLKKLLET ECPQYIRKKG 
        60         70         80         90 
ADVWFKELDI NTDGAVNFQE FLILVIKMGV AAHKKSHEES HKE
Length:93
Mass (Da):10,835
Last modified:January 1, 1988 - v1
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:i78F589140B9CE166
GO

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the canonical sequence (displayed by default in the entry) and the different sequence submissions merged in the entry. These various submissions may originate from different sequencing projects, different types of experiments, or different biological samples. Sequence conflicts are usually of unknown origin.<p><a href='/help/conflict' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence conflicti80 – 93VAAHK…ESHKE → WQPTKKAMKKATKSS in CAA68390 (PubMed:3561500).CuratedAdd BLAST14

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
Y00278 mRNA Translation: CAA68390.1
X06234 mRNA Translation: CAA29580.1
M21005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA36327.1
AK291328 mRNA Translation: BAF84017.1
CR407674 mRNA Translation: CAG28602.1
BT007378 mRNA Translation: AAP36042.1
AL591704 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471121 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW53330.1
CH471121 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW53331.1
BC005928 mRNA Translation: AAH05928.1

The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project

More...CCDSi		CCDS1038.1

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		A31848, BCHUCF

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_001306126.1, NM_001319197.1
NP_001306127.1, NM_001319198.1
NP_001306130.1, NM_001319201.1
NP_002955.2, NM_002964.4

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl eukaryotic genome annotation project

More...Ensembli		ENST00000368732; ENSP00000357721; ENSG00000143546
ENST00000368733; ENSP00000357722; ENSG00000143546

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		6279

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		hsa:6279

Matched Annotation from NCBI and EMBL-EBI (MANE) - Phase one

More...MANE-Selecti		ENST00000368733.4; ENSP00000357722.3; NM_002964.5; NP_002955.2

UCSC genome browser

More...UCSCi		uc001fbs.3, human

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/cross%5Freferences%5Fsection">Cross-references</a> section provides links to various web resources that are relevant for a specific protein.<p><a href='/help/web_resource' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Web resourcesi

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
Y00278 mRNA Translation: CAA68390.1
X06234 mRNA Translation: CAA29580.1
M21005 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA36327.1
AK291328 mRNA Translation: BAF84017.1
CR407674 mRNA Translation: CAG28602.1
BT007378 mRNA Translation: AAP36042.1
AL591704 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471121 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW53330.1
CH471121 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW53331.1
BC005928 mRNA Translation: AAH05928.1
CCDSiCCDS1038.1
PIRiA31848, BCHUCF
RefSeqiNP_001306126.1, NM_001319197.1
NP_001306127.1, NM_001319198.1
NP_001306130.1, NM_001319201.1
NP_002955.2, NM_002964.4

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:

Protein Data Bank Europe

More...PDBei

Protein Data Bank RCSB

More...RCSB PDBi

Protein Data Bank Japan

More...PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1MR8X-ray1.90A/B1-93[»]
1XK4X-ray1.80A/B/E/F/I/J1-93[»]
4GGFX-ray1.60A/K/S/U1-93[»]
4XJKX-ray1.76A/C/E/G/I1-93[»]
5HLOX-ray2.10A/B/C/D2-93[»]
5HLVX-ray2.20A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H2-93[»]
5W1FX-ray2.60A/C/E/G1-93[»]
6DS2X-ray2.10A/C/E/G1-93[»]
SMRiP05109
ModBaseiSearch...
PDBe-KBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGRIDi112187, 147 interactors
ComplexPortaliCPX-37, Calprotectin heterotetramer
CPX-39, Calprotectin heterodimer
CPX-42, S100A8 complex
CPX-52, iNOS-S100A8/A9 complex
CORUMiP05109
DIPiDIP-1165N
IntActiP05109, 63 interactors
MINTiP05109
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000357722

Chemistry databases

DrugBankiDB01373, Calcium
DB09130, Copper
DB01593, Zinc
DB14487, Zinc acetate
DB14533, Zinc chloride
DB14548, Zinc sulfate, unspecified form

PTM databases

GlyGeniP05109, 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site)
iPTMnetiP05109
PhosphoSitePlusiP05109

Genetic variation databases

BioMutaiS100A8
DMDMi115442

2D gel databases

SWISS-2DPAGEiP05109

Proteomic databases

EPDiP05109
jPOSTiP05109
MassIVEiP05109
MaxQBiP05109
PaxDbiP05109
PeptideAtlasiP05109
PRIDEiP05109
ProteomicsDBi51795
TopDownProteomicsiP05109

Protocols and materials databases

Antibodypedia a portal for validated antibodies

More...Antibodypediai		3463, 1332 antibodies from 44 providers

The DNASU plasmid repository

More...DNASUi		6279

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000368732; ENSP00000357721; ENSG00000143546
ENST00000368733; ENSP00000357722; ENSG00000143546
GeneIDi6279
KEGGihsa:6279
MANE-SelectiENST00000368733.4; ENSP00000357722.3; NM_002964.5; NP_002955.2
UCSCiuc001fbs.3, human

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		6279
DisGeNETi6279

GeneCards: human genes, protein and diseases

More...GeneCardsi		S100A8
HGNCiHGNC:10498, S100A8
HPAiENSG00000143546, Group enriched (bone marrow, esophagus, lymphoid tissue, vagina)
MIMi123885, gene
neXtProtiNX_P05109
OpenTargetsiENSG00000143546
PharmGKBiPA34910
VEuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000143546

GenAtlas: human gene database

More...GenAtlasi		Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiENOG502SA01, Eukaryota
GeneTreeiENSGT00910000144329
HOGENOMiCLU_138624_6_0_1
InParanoidiP05109
OMAiNYHAIYR
OrthoDBi334070at2759
PhylomeDBiP05109
TreeFamiTF332727

Enzyme and pathway databases

PathwayCommonsiP05109
ReactomeiR-HSA-1236974, ER-Phagosome pathway
R-HSA-166058, MyD88:MAL(TIRAP) cascade initiated on plasma membrane
R-HSA-5602498, MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4)
R-HSA-5603041, IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4)
R-HSA-5668599, RHO GTPases Activate NADPH Oxidases
R-HSA-5686938, Regulation of TLR by endogenous ligand
R-HSA-6798695, Neutrophil degranulation
R-HSA-6799990, Metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins
SignaLinkiP05109
SIGNORiP05109

Miscellaneous databases

BioGRID ORCS database of CRISPR phenotype screens

More...BioGRID-ORCSi		6279, 4 hits in 1030 CRISPR screens

ChiTaRS: a database of human, mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data

More...ChiTaRSi		S100A8, human
EvolutionaryTraceiP05109

The Gene Wiki collection of pages on human genes and proteins

More...GeneWikii		S100_calcium_binding_protein_A8

Database of phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens

More...GenomeRNAii		6279
PharosiP05109, Tbio

Protein Ontology

More...PROi		PR:P05109
RNActiP05109, protein

The Stanford Online Universal Resource for Clones and ESTs

More...SOURCEi		Search...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000143546, Expressed in pharyngeal mucosa and 226 other tissues
GenevisibleiP05109, HS

Family and domain databases

InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR011992, EF-hand-dom_pair
IPR018247, EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS
IPR002048, EF_hand_dom
IPR001751, S100/CaBP-9k_CS
IPR013787, S100_Ca-bd_sub
IPR028474, S100A8
PANTHERiPTHR11639:SF5, PTHR11639:SF5, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF01023, S_100, 1 hit
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM01394, S_100, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF47473, SSF47473, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS00018, EF_HAND_1, 1 hit
PS50222, EF_HAND_2, 1 hit
PS00303, S100_CABP, 1 hit

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiS10A8_HUMAN
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P05109
Secondary accession number(s): A8K5L3
, D3DV37, Q5SY70, Q9UC84, Q9UC92, Q9UCJ0, Q9UCM6
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 13, 1987
Last sequence update: January 1, 1988
Last modified: February 23, 2022
This is version 223 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Human chromosome 1
    Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  2. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  4. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
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