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UniProtKB - P04899 (GNAI2_HUMAN)

Entry version 230 (07 Apr 2021)
Sequence version 3 (23 Jan 2007)
Previous versions | rss
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Protein

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2

Gene

GNAI2

Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score:

Annotation score:5 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>-Experimental evidence at protein leveli <p>This indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein. Note that the 'protein existence' evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence(s) displayed.<p><a href='/help/protein_existence' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functioni

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division.1 Publication
Regulates the cell surface density of dopamine receptors DRD2 by sequestrating them as an intracellular pool.1 Publication

Sites

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section indicates at which position the protein binds a given metal ion. The nature of the metal is indicated in the 'Description' field.<p><a href='/help/metal' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Metal bindingi47MagnesiumBy similarity1
Metal bindingi182MagnesiumBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes the interaction between a single amino acid and another chemical entity. Priority is given to the annotation of physiological ligands.<p><a href='/help/binding' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binding sitei327GTP; via amide nitrogenBy similarity1

Regions

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">Function</a> section describes a region in the protein which binds nucleotide phosphates. It always involves more than one amino acid and includes all residues involved in nucleotide-binding.<p><a href='/help/np_bind' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Nucleotide bindingi40 – 47GTPBy similarity8
Nucleotide bindingi176 – 182GTPBy similarity7
Nucleotide bindingi201 – 205GTPBy similarity5
Nucleotide bindingi270 – 273GTPBy similarity4

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

GO - Biological processi

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsi

Molecular functionTransducer
Biological processCell cycle, Cell division
LigandGTP-binding, Magnesium, Metal-binding, Nucleotide-binding

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway Commons web resource for biological pathway data

More...PathwayCommonsi		P04899

Reactome - a knowledgebase of biological pathways and processes

More...Reactomei		R-HSA-112043, PLC beta mediated events
R-HSA-170670, Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-HSA-202040, G-protein activation
R-HSA-392170, ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-400042, Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-418555, G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418594, G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-418597, G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-422356, Regulation of insulin secretion
R-HSA-6814122, Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-9009391, Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
R-HSA-9660821, ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production

SignaLink: a signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks

More...SignaLinki		P04899

SIGNOR Signaling Network Open Resource

More...SIGNORi		P04899

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyi

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein, from commonly used to obsolete, to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.<p><a href='/help/protein_names' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2
Alternative name(s):
Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section indicates the name(s) of the gene(s) that code for the protein sequence(s) described in the entry. Four distinct tokens exist: 'Name', 'Synonyms', 'Ordered locus names' and 'ORF names'.<p><a href='/help/gene_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Gene namesi
Name:GNAI2
Synonyms:GNAI2B
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section provides information on the name(s) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/organism-name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>OrganismiHomo sapiens (Human)
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section shows the unique identifier assigned by the NCBI to the source organism of the protein. This is known as the 'taxonomic identifier' or 'taxid'.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_identifier' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic identifieri9606 [NCBI]
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism. It lists the nodes as they appear top-down in the taxonomic tree, with the more general grouping listed first.<p><a href='/help/taxonomic_lineage' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/names%5Fand%5Ftaxonomy%5Fsection">Names and taxonomy</a> section is present for entries that are part of a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/proteomes">proteome</a>, i.e. of a set of proteins thought to be expressed by organisms whose genomes have been completely sequenced.<p><a href='/help/proteomes_manual' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Proteomesi
  • UP000005640 <p>A UniProt <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/proteomes%5Fmanual">proteome</a> can consist of several components.<br></br>The component name refers to the genomic component encoding a set of proteins.<p><a href='/help/proteome_component' target='_top'>More...</a></p> Componenti: Chromosome 3

Organism-specific databases

Human Gene Nomenclature Database

More...HGNCi		HGNC:4385, GNAI2

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

More...MIMi		139360, gene

neXtProt; the human protein knowledge platform

More...neXtProti		NX_P04899

Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Database Resources

More...VEuPathDBi		HostDB:ENSG00000114353.16

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationi

Keywords - Cellular componenti

Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Membrane

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechi

Organism-specific databases

DisGeNET

More...DisGeNETi		2771

MalaCards human disease database

More...MalaCardsi		GNAI2

Open Targets

More...OpenTargetsi		ENSG00000114353

The Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

More...PharmGKBi		PA24347

Miscellaneous databases

Pharos NIH Druggable Genome Knowledgebase

More...Pharosi		P04899, Tbio

Chemistry databases

ChEMBL database of bioactive drug-like small molecules

More...ChEMBLi		CHEMBL4105887

Genetic variation databases

BioMuta curated single-nucleotide variation and disease association database

More...BioMutai		GNAI2

Domain mapping of disease mutations (DMDM)

More...DMDMi		121023

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section indicates that the initiator methionine is cleaved from the mature protein.<p><a href='/help/init_met' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Initiator methionineiRemovedCombined sources3 Publications
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section describes the extent of a polypeptide chain in the mature protein following processing or proteolytic cleavage.<p><a href='/help/chain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>ChainiPRO_00002036792 – 355Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2Add BLAST354

Amino acid modifications

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM / Processing</a> section specifies the position(s) and the type of covalently attached lipid group(s).<p><a href='/help/lipid' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Lipidationi2N-myristoyl glycine3 Publications1
Lipidationi3S-palmitoyl cysteineBy similarity1
<p>This subsection of the 'PTM / Processing' section specifies the position and type of each modified residue excluding <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/lipid">lipids</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/carbohyd">glycans</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/manual/crosslnk">protein cross-links</a>.<p><a href='/help/mod_res' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Modified residuei179ADP-ribosylarginine; by cholera toxinBy similarity1
Modified residuei205Deamidated glutamine; by Photorhabdus PAU_022301 Publication1
Modified residuei352ADP-ribosylcysteine; by pertussis toxinBy similarity1

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationi

(Microbial infection) Deamidated at Gln-205 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230, blocking GTP hydrolysis of heterotrimeric GNAQ or GNA11 and G-alphai (GNAI1, GNAI2 or GNAI3) proteins, thereby activating RhoA.1 Publication

Keywords - PTMi

ADP-ribosylation, Lipoprotein, Myristate, Palmitate

Proteomic databases

The CPTAC Assay portal

More...CPTACi		CPTAC-1530
CPTAC-1531

Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics

More...EPDi		P04899

jPOST - Japan Proteome Standard Repository/Database

More...jPOSTi		P04899

MassIVE - Mass Spectrometry Interactive Virtual Environment

More...MassIVEi		P04899

MaxQB - The MaxQuant DataBase

More...MaxQBi		P04899

PaxDb, a database of protein abundance averages across all three domains of life

More...PaxDbi		P04899

PeptideAtlas

More...PeptideAtlasi		P04899

PRoteomics IDEntifications database

More...PRIDEi		P04899

ProteomicsDB: a multi-organism proteome resource

More...ProteomicsDBi		3695
51752 [P04899-1]
51753 [P04899-2]
51754 [P04899-3]
51755 [P04899-4]
5863

PTM databases

GlyGen: Computational and Informatics Resources for Glycoscience

More...GlyGeni		P04899, 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site)

iPTMnet integrated resource for PTMs in systems biology context

More...iPTMneti		P04899

MetOSite database of methionine sulfoxide sites

More...MetOSitei		P04899

Comprehensive resource for the study of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human, mouse and rat.

More...PhosphoSitePlusi		P04899

SwissPalm database of S-palmitoylation events

More...SwissPalmi		P04899

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressioni

Gene expression databases

Bgee dataBase for Gene Expression Evolution

More...Bgeei		ENSG00000114353, Expressed in blood and 238 other tissues

ExpressionAtlas, Differential and Baseline Expression

More...ExpressionAtlasi		P04899, baseline and differential

Genevisible search portal to normalized and curated expression data from Genevestigator

More...Genevisiblei		P04899, HS

Organism-specific databases

Human Protein Atlas

More...HPAi		ENSG00000114353, Low tissue specificity

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactioni

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structurei

G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.

Interacts with GPSM1 (By similarity).

Interacts with RGS12 and RGS14 (By similarity).

Interacts with UNC5B (PubMed:12359238).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with NUCB1 (via GBA motif); the interaction leads to activation of GNAI3 (By similarity).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with CCDC88C/DAPLE (via GBA motif) (PubMed:26126266).

Interacts (inactive GDP-bound form) with CCDC8A/GIV (via GBA motif) (PubMed:19211784).

By similarity3 Publications

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsi

Hide details

GO - Molecular functioni

Complete GO annotation on QuickGO ...

Protein-protein interaction databases

The Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID)

More...BioGRIDi		109033, 175 interactors

CORUM comprehensive resource of mammalian protein complexes

More...CORUMi		P04899

Database of interacting proteins

More...DIPi		DIP-602N

Protein interaction database and analysis system

More...IntActi		P04899, 78 interactors

Molecular INTeraction database

More...MINTi		P04899

STRING: functional protein association networks

More...STRINGi		9606.ENSP00000312999

Miscellaneous databases

RNAct, Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms.

More...RNActi		P04899, protein

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structurei

3D structure databases

SWISS-MODEL Repository - a database of annotated 3D protein structure models

More...SMRi		P04899

Database of comparative protein structure models

More...ModBasei		Search...

Protein Data Bank in Europe - Knowledge Base

More...PDBe-KBi		Search...

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/family%5Fand%5Fdomains%5Fsection">Family and Domains</a> section describes the position and type of a domain, which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three-dimensional structure or fold.<p><a href='/help/domain' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domaini32 – 355G-alphaPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST324

Region

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Family and Domains' section describes a region of interest that cannot be described in other subsections.<p><a href='/help/region' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Regioni35 – 48G1 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST14
Regioni174 – 182G2 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation9
Regioni197 – 206G3 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation10
Regioni266 – 273G4 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation8
Regioni325 – 330G5 motifPROSITE-ProRule annotation6

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesi

Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.Curated

Phylogenomic databases

evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups

More...eggNOGi		KOG0082, Eukaryota

Ensembl GeneTree

More...GeneTreei		ENSGT00940000155125

The HOGENOM Database of Homologous Genes from Fully Sequenced Organisms

More...HOGENOMi		CLU_014184_6_0_1

InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups

More...InParanoidi		P04899

Identification of Orthologs from Complete Genome Data

More...OMAi		PNKYEEA

Database for complete collections of gene phylogenies

More...PhylomeDBi		P04899

TreeFam database of animal gene trees

More...TreeFami		TF300673

Family and domain databases

Conserved Domains Database

More...CDDi		cd00066, G-alpha, 1 hit

Gene3D Structural and Functional Annotation of Protein Families

More...Gene3Di		1.10.400.10, 1 hit

Integrated resource of protein families, domains and functional sites

More...InterProi		View protein in InterPro
IPR001408, Gprotein_alpha_I
IPR001019, Gprotein_alpha_su
IPR011025, GproteinA_insert
IPR027417, P-loop_NTPase

The PANTHER Classification System

More...PANTHERi		PTHR10218, PTHR10218, 1 hit

Pfam protein domain database

More...Pfami		View protein in Pfam
PF00503, G-alpha, 1 hit

Protein Motif fingerprint database; a protein domain database

More...PRINTSi		PR00318, GPROTEINA
PR00441, GPROTEINAI

Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool; a protein domain database

More...SMARTi		View protein in SMART
SM00275, G_alpha, 1 hit

Superfamily database of structural and functional annotation

More...SUPFAMi		SSF47895, SSF47895, 1 hit
SSF52540, SSF52540, 1 hit

PROSITE; a protein domain and family database

More...PROSITEi		View protein in PROSITE
PS51882, G_ALPHA, 1 hit

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (6+)i

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusi: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingi: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 6 <p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section lists the alternative protein sequences (isoforms) that can be generated from the same gene by a single or by the combination of up to four biological events (alternative promoter usage, alternative splicing, alternative initiation and ribosomal frameshifting). Additionally, this section gives relevant information on each alternative protein isoform. This section is only present in reviewed entries, i.e. in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/alternative_products' target='_top'>More...</a></p> isoformsi produced by alternative splicing. AlignAdd to basket

This entry has 6 described isoforms and 2 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

Isoform 1 (identifier: P04899-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

This isoform has been chosen as the <div> <p><b>What is the canonical sequence?</b><p><a href='/help/canonical_and_isoforms' target='_top'>More...</a></p>canonicali sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide
        10         20         30         40         50
MGCTVSAEDK AAAERSKMID KNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV 
        60         70         80         90        100
KQMKIIHEDG YSEEECRQYR AVVYSNTIQS IMAIVKAMGN LQIDFADPSR 
       110        120        130        140        150
ADDARQLFAL SCTAEEQGVL PDDLSGVIRR LWADHGVQAC FGRSREYQLN 
       160        170        180        190        200
DSAAYYLNDL ERIAQSDYIP TQQDVLRTRV KTTGIVETHF TFKDLHFKMF 
       210        220        230        240        250
DVGGQRSERK KWIHCFEGVT AIIFCVALSA YDLVLAEDEE MNRMHESMKL 
       260        270        280        290        300
FDSICNNKWF TDTSIILFLN KKDLFEEKIT HSPLTICFPE YTGANKYDEA 
       310        320        330        340        350
ASYIQSKFED LNKRKDTKEI YTHFTCATDT KNVQFVFDAV TDVIIKNNLK 

DCGLF
Length:355
Mass (Da):40,451
Last modified:January 23, 2007 - v3
<p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.</p> <p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.</p> <p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).</p> <p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x<sup>64</sup> + x<sup>4</sup> + x<sup>3</sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. </p> <p class="publication">Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.<br /> <strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums</strong><br /> <a href="http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php">Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993)</a>)</p> Checksum:iBE6D6FF720CF3DCC
GO
Isoform 2 (identifier: P04899-2) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-39: MGCTVSAEDKAAAERSKMIDKNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLL → MEYAGHLPASSAQGTILACTSCT

Show »
Length:339
Mass (Da):38,473
Checksum:iF14AB734881535C5
GO
Isoform 3 (identifier: P04899-3) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-39: MGCTVSAEDKAAAERSKMIDKNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLL → MR

Show »
Length:318
Mass (Da):36,465
Checksum:iA0131D7E46EC5370
GO
Isoform sGi2 (identifier: P04899-4) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: sGalphai2

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     332-355: NVQFVFDAVTDVIIKNNLKDCGLF → SRKLFRETYLKLSGPDQHPHPSPAPAPPLSSDSVP

Show »
Length:366
Mass (Da):41,548
Checksum:iEF7FED14C8A0A8B4
GO
Isoform 5 (identifier: P04899-5) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-39: MGCTVSAEDKAAAERSKMIDKNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLL → MTEGVKTLGWTKQKGGCHWGRSE

Show »
Length:339
Mass (Da):38,737
Checksum:iBFCDD8678696698F
GO
Isoform 6 (identifier: P04899-6) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-52: Missing.

Show »
Length:303
Mass (Da):34,935
Checksum:i9E676EE9177E166C
GO

<p>In eukaryotic reference proteomes, unreviewed entries that are likely to belong to the same gene are computationally mapped, based on gene identifiers from Ensembl, EnsemblGenomes and model organism databases.<p><a href='/help/gene_centric_isoform_mapping' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi

There are 2 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basket
EntryEntry nameProtein names
Gene namesLengthAnnotation
F8WE78F8WE78_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI2
142Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>
F8WBG4F8WBG4_HUMAN
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...
GNAI2
146Annotation score:

Annotation score:1 out of 5

<p>The annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a UniProtKB entry or proteome. This score <strong>cannot</strong> be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the 'correct annotation' for any given protein.<p><a href='/help/annotation_score' target='_top'>More...</a></p>

Alternative sequence

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section describes the sequence of naturally occurring alternative protein isoform(s). The changes in the amino acid sequence may be due to alternative splicing, alternative promoter usage, alternative initiation, or ribosomal frameshifting.<p><a href='/help/var_seq' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Alternative sequenceiVSP_0547881 – 52Missing in isoform 6. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST52
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0174971 – 39MGCTV…KLLLL → MEYAGHLPASSAQGTILACT SCT in isoform 2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST39
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0434731 – 39MGCTV…KLLLL → MR in isoform 3. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST39
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0547891 – 39MGCTV…KLLLL → MTEGVKTLGWTKQKGGCHWG RSE in isoform 5. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST39
Alternative sequenceiVSP_043903332 – 355NVQFV…DCGLF → SRKLFRETYLKLSGPDQHPH PSPAPAPPLSSDSVP in isoform sGi2. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST24

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:

EMBL nucleotide sequence database

More...EMBLi

GenBank nucleotide sequence database

More...GenBanki

DNA Data Bank of Japan; a nucleotide sequence database

More...DDBJi
Links Updated
X04828 mRNA Translation: CAA28512.1
J03004 mRNA Translation: AAA52556.1 Sequence problems.
M20593 M20592 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA35894.1
AY677118 mRNA Translation: AAT78421.1
AF493906 mRNA Translation: AAM12620.1
AK096299 mRNA Translation: BAG53252.1
AK096595 mRNA Translation: BAG53334.1
AK302330 mRNA Translation: BAG63662.1
AK304473 mRNA Translation: BAG65287.1
AC002077 Genomic DNA No translation available.
U73166 Genomic DNA No translation available.
U73169 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65053.1
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65055.1
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65056.1
BC012138 mRNA Translation: AAH12138.1
BC016995 mRNA Translation: AAH16995.1
X07854 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA30703.1

The Consensus CDS (CCDS) project

More...CCDSi		CCDS2813.1 [P04899-1]
CCDS54587.1 [P04899-3]
CCDS63642.1 [P04899-5]
CCDS63644.1 [P04899-6]

Protein sequence database of the Protein Information Resource

More...PIRi		S02319, RGHUI2

NCBI Reference Sequences

More...RefSeqi		NP_001159897.1, NM_001166425.1 [P04899-3]
NP_001269546.1, NM_001282617.1 [P04899-6]
NP_001269547.1, NM_001282618.1
NP_001269548.1, NM_001282619.1 [P04899-2]
NP_001269549.1, NM_001282620.1 [P04899-5]
NP_002061.1, NM_002070.3 [P04899-1]

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl eukaryotic genome annotation project

More...Ensembli		ENST00000266027; ENSP00000266027; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-6]
ENST00000313601; ENSP00000312999; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-1]
ENST00000422163; ENSP00000406871; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-5]
ENST00000440628; ENSP00000395736; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-6]
ENST00000451956; ENSP00000406369; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-3]

Database of genes from NCBI RefSeq genomes

More...GeneIDi		2771

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

More...KEGGi		hsa:2771

UCSC genome browser

More...UCSCi		uc003cyp.3, human [P04899-1]

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Alternative splicing

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsi

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesi

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
X04828 mRNA Translation: CAA28512.1
J03004 mRNA Translation: AAA52556.1 Sequence problems.
M20593 M20592 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA35894.1
AY677118 mRNA Translation: AAT78421.1
AF493906 mRNA Translation: AAM12620.1
AK096299 mRNA Translation: BAG53252.1
AK096595 mRNA Translation: BAG53334.1
AK302330 mRNA Translation: BAG63662.1
AK304473 mRNA Translation: BAG65287.1
AC002077 Genomic DNA No translation available.
U73166 Genomic DNA No translation available.
U73169 Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65053.1
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65055.1
CH471055 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW65056.1
BC012138 mRNA Translation: AAH12138.1
BC016995 mRNA Translation: AAH16995.1
X07854 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA30703.1
CCDSiCCDS2813.1 [P04899-1]
CCDS54587.1 [P04899-3]
CCDS63642.1 [P04899-5]
CCDS63644.1 [P04899-6]
PIRiS02319, RGHUI2
RefSeqiNP_001159897.1, NM_001166425.1 [P04899-3]
NP_001269546.1, NM_001282617.1 [P04899-6]
NP_001269547.1, NM_001282618.1
NP_001269548.1, NM_001282619.1 [P04899-2]
NP_001269549.1, NM_001282620.1 [P04899-5]
NP_002061.1, NM_002070.3 [P04899-1]

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:

Protein Data Bank Europe

More...PDBei

Protein Data Bank RCSB

More...RCSB PDBi

Protein Data Bank Japan

More...PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
6D9Helectron microscopy3.60A1-355[»]
SMRiP04899
ModBaseiSearch...
PDBe-KBiSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGRIDi109033, 175 interactors
CORUMiP04899
DIPiDIP-602N
IntActiP04899, 78 interactors
MINTiP04899
STRINGi9606.ENSP00000312999

Chemistry databases

ChEMBLiCHEMBL4105887

PTM databases

GlyGeniP04899, 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site)
iPTMnetiP04899
MetOSiteiP04899
PhosphoSitePlusiP04899
SwissPalmiP04899

Genetic variation databases

BioMutaiGNAI2
DMDMi121023

Proteomic databases

CPTACiCPTAC-1530
CPTAC-1531
EPDiP04899
jPOSTiP04899
MassIVEiP04899
MaxQBiP04899
PaxDbiP04899
PeptideAtlasiP04899
PRIDEiP04899
ProteomicsDBi3695
51752 [P04899-1]
51753 [P04899-2]
51754 [P04899-3]
51755 [P04899-4]
5863

Protocols and materials databases

Antibodypedia a portal for validated antibodies

More...Antibodypediai		2180, 291 antibodies

The DNASU plasmid repository

More...DNASUi		2771

Genome annotation databases

EnsembliENST00000266027; ENSP00000266027; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-6]
ENST00000313601; ENSP00000312999; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-1]
ENST00000422163; ENSP00000406871; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-5]
ENST00000440628; ENSP00000395736; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-6]
ENST00000451956; ENSP00000406369; ENSG00000114353 [P04899-3]
GeneIDi2771
KEGGihsa:2771
UCSCiuc003cyp.3, human [P04899-1]

Organism-specific databases

Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

More...CTDi		2771
DisGeNETi2771

GeneCards: human genes, protein and diseases

More...GeneCardsi		GNAI2
HGNCiHGNC:4385, GNAI2
HPAiENSG00000114353, Low tissue specificity
MalaCardsiGNAI2
MIMi139360, gene
neXtProtiNX_P04899
OpenTargetsiENSG00000114353
PharmGKBiPA24347
VEuPathDBiHostDB:ENSG00000114353.16

GenAtlas: human gene database

More...GenAtlasi		Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiKOG0082, Eukaryota
GeneTreeiENSGT00940000155125
HOGENOMiCLU_014184_6_0_1
InParanoidiP04899
OMAiPNKYEEA
PhylomeDBiP04899
TreeFamiTF300673

Enzyme and pathway databases

PathwayCommonsiP04899
ReactomeiR-HSA-112043, PLC beta mediated events
R-HSA-170670, Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
R-HSA-202040, G-protein activation
R-HSA-392170, ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
R-HSA-400042, Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
R-HSA-418555, G alpha (s) signalling events
R-HSA-418594, G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-418597, G alpha (z) signalling events
R-HSA-422356, Regulation of insulin secretion
R-HSA-6814122, Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding
R-HSA-9009391, Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling
R-HSA-9660821, ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production
SignaLinkiP04899
SIGNORiP04899

Miscellaneous databases

BioGRID ORCS database of CRISPR phenotype screens

More...BioGRID-ORCSi		2771, 24 hits in 996 CRISPR screens

ChiTaRS: a database of human, mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data

More...ChiTaRSi		GNAI2, human

The Gene Wiki collection of pages on human genes and proteins

More...GeneWikii		GNAI2

Database of phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens

More...GenomeRNAii		2771
PharosiP04899, Tbio

Protein Ontology

More...PROi		PR:P04899
RNActiP04899, protein

The Stanford Online Universal Resource for Clones and ESTs

More...SOURCEi		Search...

Gene expression databases

BgeeiENSG00000114353, Expressed in blood and 238 other tissues
ExpressionAtlasiP04899, baseline and differential
GenevisibleiP04899, HS

Family and domain databases

CDDicd00066, G-alpha, 1 hit
Gene3Di1.10.400.10, 1 hit
InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR001408, Gprotein_alpha_I
IPR001019, Gprotein_alpha_su
IPR011025, GproteinA_insert
IPR027417, P-loop_NTPase
PANTHERiPTHR10218, PTHR10218, 1 hit
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF00503, G-alpha, 1 hit
PRINTSiPR00318, GPROTEINA
PR00441, GPROTEINAI
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM00275, G_alpha, 1 hit
SUPFAMiSSF47895, SSF47895, 1 hit
SSF52540, SSF52540, 1 hit
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS51882, G_ALPHA, 1 hit

ProtoNet; Automatic hierarchical classification of proteins

More...ProtoNeti		Search...

MobiDB: a database of protein disorder and mobility annotations

More...MobiDBi		Search...

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationi

<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides a mnemonic identifier for a UniProtKB entry, but it is not a stable identifier. Each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.<p><a href='/help/entry_name' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry nameiGNAI2_HUMAN
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section provides one or more accession number(s). These are stable identifiers and should be used to cite UniProtKB entries. Upon integration into UniProtKB, each entry is assigned a unique accession number, which is called 'Primary (citable) accession number'.<p><a href='/help/accession_numbers' target='_top'>More...</a></p>AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P04899
Secondary accession number(s): B3KTZ0
, B4DYA0, B4E2X5, Q6B6N3, Q8IZ71
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section shows the date of integration of the entry into UniProtKB, the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ('Last modified'). The version number for both the entry and the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> are also displayed.<p><a href='/help/entry_history' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 13, 1987
Last sequence update: January 23, 2007
Last modified: April 7, 2021
This is version 230 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history.
<p>This subsection of the 'Entry information' section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by UniProtKB curators or not, in other words, if the entry belongs to the Swiss-Prot section of UniProtKB (<strong>reviewed</strong>) or to the computer-annotated TrEMBL section (<strong>unreviewed</strong>).<p><a href='/help/entry_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Human chromosome 3
    Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM
  2. MIM cross-references
    Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
  3. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references
  4. SIMILARITY comments
    Index of protein domains and families
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