HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• amyloid-beta binding Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Physical Interaction</p> <p>Covers physical interactions between the gene product of interest and another molecule (or ion, or complex).</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ipi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "CD74 interacts with APP and suppresses the production of Abeta."
    Matsuda S., Matsuda Y., D'Adamio L.
    Mol Neurodegener 4:41-41(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• CD4 receptor binding Source: CAFAInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cytokine binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Structural and functional characterization of a secreted hookworm Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) that interacts with the human MIF receptor CD74."
    Cho Y., Jones B.F., Vermeire J.J., Leng L., DiFedele L., Harrison L.M., Xiong H., Kwong Y.K., Chen Y., Bucala R., Lolis E., Cappello M.
    J Biol Chem 282:23447-23456(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cytokine receptor activity Source: BHF-UCL <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• identical protein binding Source: UniProtKB <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• MHC class II protein binding Source: BHF-UCL
• MHC class II protein binding, via antigen binding groove Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3."
    Ghosh P., Amaya M., Mellins E., Wiley D.C.
    Nature 378:457-462(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.75 ANGSTROMS) OF 103-117 (CLIP) IN COMPLEX WITH HLA-DRA/HLA-DRB1 HETERODIMER.
• MHC class II protein complex binding Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.11

    "HLA-DR molecules from an antigen-processing mutant cell line are associated with invariant chain peptides."
    Riberdy J.M., Newcomb J.R., Surman M.J., Barbosa J.A., Cresswell P.
    Nature 360:474-477(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 97-120, FUNCTION.
• nitric-oxide synthase binding Source: Ensembl
• protein folding chaperone Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3."
    Ghosh P., Amaya M., Mellins E., Wiley D.C.
    Nature 378:457-462(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.75 ANGSTROMS) OF 103-117 (CLIP) IN COMPLEX WITH HLA-DRA/HLA-DRB1 HETERODIMER.

GO - Biological processⁱ

• activation of MAPK activity Source: Ensembl
• antigen processing and presentation Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen Source: UniProtKB <p>Non-traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for statements in the abstract, introduction or discussion of a paper that cannot be traced back to another publication.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#nas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Non-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Expression of MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii;CD74) in thymic epithelial neoplasms."
    Datta M.W., Shahsafaei A., Nadler L.M., Freeman G.J., Dorfman D.M.
    Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 8:210-215(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II Source: Reactome
• cell population proliferation Source: Ensembl
• chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding Source: Ensembl
• immunoglobulin mediated immune response Source: UniProtKB
• intracellular protein transport Source: UniProtKB
• leukocyte migration Source: Reactome
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• negative regulation of cell migration Source: ARUK-UCL <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide-go-evidence-codes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Activation of CD74 inhibits migration of human mesenchymal stem cells."
    Barrilleaux B.L., Fischer-Valuck B.W., Gilliam J.K., Phinney D.G., O'Connor K.C.
    In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 46:566-572(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
  • "Macrophage migration inhibitory factor inhibits the migration of cartilage end plate-derived stem cells by reacting with CD74."
    Xiong C.J., Huang B., Zhou Y., Cun Y.P., Liu L.T., Wang J., Li C.Q., Pan Y., Wang H.
    PLoS One 7:e43984-e43984(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of peptide secretion Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD74 interacts with APP and suppresses the production of Abeta."
    Matsuda S., Matsuda Y., D'Adamio L.
    Mol Neurodegener 4:41-41(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.21

    "MHC class II transactivator CIITA induces cell resistance to Ebola virus and SARS-like coronaviruses."
    Bruchez A., Sha K., Johnson J., Chen L., Stefani C., McConnell H., Gaucherand L., Prins R., Matreyek K.A., Hume A.J., Muehlberger E., Schmidt E.V., Olinger G.G., Stuart L.M., Lacy-Hulbert A.
    Science 370:241-247(2020) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (ISOFORM P41), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING, MUTAGENESIS OF 225-PRO-GLY-226.
• negative thymic T cell selection Source: Ensembl
• positive regulation of B cell proliferation Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production Source: BHF-UCL
• positive regulation of chemokine production Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Increased CD74 expression in human atherosclerotic plaques: contribution to inflammatory responses in vascular cells."
    Martin-Ventura J.L., Madrigal-Matute J., Munoz-Garcia B., Blanco-Colio L.M., Van Oostrom M., Zalba G., Fortuno A., Gomez-Guerrero C., Ortega L., Ortiz A., Diez J., Egido J.
    Cardiovasc Res 83:586-594(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Source: Ensembl
• positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation Source: BHF-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• positive regulation of gene expression Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Increased CD74 expression in human atherosclerotic plaques: contribution to inflammatory responses in vascular cells."
    Martin-Ventura J.L., Madrigal-Matute J., Munoz-Garcia B., Blanco-Colio L.M., Van Oostrom M., Zalba G., Fortuno A., Gomez-Guerrero C., Ortega L., Ortiz A., Diez J., Egido J.
    Cardiovasc Res 83:586-594(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Migration inhibitory factor enhances inflammation via CD74 in cartilage end plates with Modic type 1 changes on MRI."
    Xiong C., Huang B., Cun Y., Aghdasi B.G., Zhou Y.
    Clin Orthop Relat Res 472:1943-1954(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Migration inhibitory factor enhances inflammation via CD74 in cartilage end plates with Modic type 1 changes on MRI."
    Xiong C., Huang B., Cun Y., Aghdasi B.G., Zhou Y.
    Clin Orthop Relat Res 472:1943-1954(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of kinase activity Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production Source: BHF-UCL
• positive regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "A functional heteromeric MIF receptor formed by CD74 and CXCR4."
    Schwartz V., Lue H., Kraemer S., Korbiel J., Krohn R., Ohl K., Bucala R., Weber C., Bernhagen J.
    FEBS Lett 583:2749-2757(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of MAPK cascade Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of monocyte differentiation Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis Source: BHF-UCL
• positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Source: BHF-UCLInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process Source: ARUK-UCLInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Migration inhibitory factor enhances inflammation via CD74 in cartilage end plates with Modic type 1 changes on MRI."
    Xiong C., Huang B., Cun Y., Aghdasi B.G., Zhou Y.
    Clin Orthop Relat Res 472:1943-1954(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
• positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of type 2 immune response Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: CAFAInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive thymic T cell selection Source: Ensembl
• prostaglandin biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• protein-containing complex assembly Source: UniProtKB
• protein stabilization Source: UniProtKB
• protein trimerization Source: InterPro
• regulation of macrophage activation Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• response to interferon-gamma Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.21

    "MHC class II transactivator CIITA induces cell resistance to Ebola virus and SARS-like coronaviruses."
    Bruchez A., Sha K., Johnson J., Chen L., Stefani C., McConnell H., Gaucherand L., Prins R., Matreyek K.A., Hume A.J., Muehlberger E., Schmidt E.V., Olinger G.G., Stuart L.M., Lacy-Hulbert A.
    Science 370:241-247(2020) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: FUNCTION (ISOFORM P41), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING, MUTAGENESIS OF 225-PRO-GLY-226.
• T cell activation involved in immune response Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• T cell selection Source: UniProtKBNon-traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Expression of MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii;CD74) in thymic epithelial neoplasms."
    Datta M.W., Shahsafaei A., Nadler L.M., Freeman G.J., Dorfman D.M.
    Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 8:210-215(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

Topology

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the disease(s) and phenotype(s) associated with a protein.<p><a href='/help/pathology_and_biotech_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Pathology & Biotechⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Pathology and Biotech' section provides information on the disease(s) associated with genetic variations in a given protein. The information is extracted from the scientific literature and diseases that are also described in the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=omim">OMIM</a> database are represented with a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/diseases">controlled vocabulary</a> in the following way:<p><a href='/help/involvement_in_disease' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Involvement in diseaseⁱ

Mutagenesis

Sites

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous databases

Chemistry databases

Genetic variation databases

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

Gene expression databases

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

<p>This subsection of the '<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">Interaction</a>' section provides information about binary protein-protein interactions. The data presented in this section are a quality-filtered subset of binary interactions automatically derived from the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/">IntAct database</a>. It is updated at every <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/synchronization">UniProt release</a>.<p><a href='/help/binary_interactions' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Binary interactionsⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• CD4 receptor binding Source: CAFAInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "CD4 ligation on human blood monocytes triggers macrophage differentiation and enhances HIV infection."
    Zhen A., Krutzik S.R., Levin B.R., Kasparian S., Zack J.A., Kitchen S.G.
    J. Virol. 88:9934-9946(2014) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cytokine binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "Structural and functional characterization of a secreted hookworm Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) that interacts with the human MIF receptor CD74."
    Cho Y., Jones B.F., Vermeire J.J., Leng L., DiFedele L., Harrison L.M., Xiong H., Kwong Y.K., Chen Y., Bucala R., Lolis E., Cappello M.
    J Biol Chem 282:23447-23456(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• identical protein binding Source: UniProtKBTraceable author statementⁱ
  • Ref.14

    "MIF signal transduction initiated by binding to CD74."
    Leng L., Metz C.N., Fang Y., Xu J., Donnelly S., Baugh J., Delohery T., Chen Y., Mitchell R.A., Bucala R.
    J. Exp. Med. 197:1467-1476(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH MIF.
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor binding Source: BHF-UCLInferred from physical interactionⁱ
  • "CD44 is the signaling component of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor-CD74 receptor complex."
    Shi X., Leng L., Wang T., Wang W., Du X., Li J., McDonald C., Chen Z., Murphy J.W., Lolis E., Noble P., Knudson W., Bucala R.
    Immunity 25:595-606(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• MHC class II protein binding Source: BHF-UCL
• MHC class II protein binding, via antigen binding groove Source: UniProtKBInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.22

    "The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3."
    Ghosh P., Amaya M., Mellins E., Wiley D.C.
    Nature 378:457-462(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.75 ANGSTROMS) OF 103-117 (CLIP) IN COMPLEX WITH HLA-DRA/HLA-DRB1 HETERODIMER.
• nitric-oxide synthase binding Source: Ensembl

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

Secondary structure

3D structure databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequences (5+)ⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry has 5 described isoforms and 3 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All

        10         20         30         40         50
MHRRRSRSCR EDQKPVMDDQ RDLISNNEQL PMLGRRPGAP ESKCSRGALY 
        60         70         80         90        100
TGFSILVTLL LAGQATTAYF LYQQQGRLDK LTVTSQNLQL ENLRMKLPKP 
       110        120        130        140        150
PKPVSKMRMA TPLLMQALPM GALPQGPMQN ATKYGNMTED HVMHLLQNAD 
       160        170        180        190        200
PLKVYPPLKG SFPENLRHLK NTMETIDWKV FESWMHHWLL FEMSRHSLEQ 
       210        220        230        240        250
KPTDAPPKVL TKCQEEVSHI PAVHPGSFRP KCDENGNYLP LQCYGSIGYC 
       260        270        280        290 
WCVFPNGTEV PNTRSRGHHN CSESLELEDP SSGLGVTKQD LGPVPM     

        10         20         30         40         50
MHRRRSRSCR EDQKPVMDDQ RDLISNNEQL PMLGRRPGAP ESKCSRGALY 
        60         70         80         90        100
TGFSILVTLL LAGQATTAYF LYQQQGRLDK LTVTSQNLQL ENLRMKLPKP 
       110        120        130        140        150
PKPVSKMRMA TPLLMQALPM GALPQGPMQN ATKYGNMTED HVMHLLQNAD 
       160        170        180        190        200
PLKVYPPLKG SFPENLRHLK NTMETIDWKV FESWMHHWLL FEMSRHSLEQ 
       210        220        230 
KPTDAPPKES LELEDPSSGL GVTKQDLGPV PM                    

        10         20         30         40         50
MHRRRSRSCR EDQKPVMDDQ RDLISNNEQL PMLGRRPGAP ESKCSRGALY 
        60         70         80         90        100
TGFSILVTLL LAGQATTAYF LYQQQGRLDK LTVTSQNLQL ENLRMKLPKP 
       110        120        130        140        150
PKPVSKMRMA TPLLMQALPM GALPQGPMQN ATKYGNMTED HVMHLLQSHW 
       160
NWRTRLLGWV                                             

        10         20         30         40         50
MDDQRDLISN NEQLPMLGRR PGAPESKCSR GALYTGFSIL VTLLLAGQAT 
        60         70         80         90        100
TAYFLYQQQG RLDKLTVTSQ NLQLENLRMK LPKPPKPVSK MRMATPLLMQ 
       110        120        130        140        150
ALPMGALPQG PMQNATKYGN MTEDHVMHLL QNADPLKVYP PLKGSFPENL 
       160        170        180        190        200
RHLKNTMETI DWKVFESWMH HWLLFEMSRH SLEQKPTDAP PKVLTKCQEE 
       210        220        230        240        250
VSHIPAVHPG SFRPKCDENG NYLPLQCYGS IGYCWCVFPN GTEVPNTRSR 
       260        270        280
GHHNCSESLE LEDPSSGLGV TKQDLGPVPM                       

        10         20         30         40         50
MDDQRDLISN NEQLPMLGRR PGAPESKCSR GALYTGFSIL VTLLLAGQAT 
        60         70         80         90        100
TAYFLYQQQG RLDKLTVTSQ NLQLENLRMK LPKPPKPVSK MRMATPLLMQ 
       110        120        130        140        150
ALPMGALPQG PMQNATKYGN MTEDHVMHLL QNADPLKVYP PLKGSFPENL 
       160        170        180        190        200
RHLKNTMETI DWKVFESWMH HWLLFEMSRH SLEQKPTDAP PKESLELEDP 
       210 
SSGLGVTKQD LGPVPM                                      

<p>This subsection of the 'Sequence' section reports difference(s) between the protein sequence shown in the UniProtKB entry and other available protein sequences derived from the same gene.<p><a href='/help/sequence_caution' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence cautionⁱ

Experimental Info

Alternative sequence

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityⁱ

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry databases

Protein family/group databases

PTM databases

Genetic variation databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ