UniProtKB - P02771 (FETA_HUMAN)
Protein
Alpha-fetoprotein
Gene
AFP
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties.
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Metal bindingi | 22 | Copper or nickel1 Publication | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- fatty acid binding Source: GO_Central
- zinc ion binding Source: GO_Central
GO - Biological processi
- cellular protein metabolic process Source: Reactome
- post-translational protein modification Source: Reactome
Keywordsi
Ligand | Copper, Metal-binding, Nickel |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | P02771 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-381426, Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) R-HSA-8957275, Post-translational protein phosphorylation |
SIGNORi | P02771 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Alpha-fetoproteinAlternative name(s): Alpha-1-fetoprotein Alpha-fetoglobulin |
Gene namesi | Name:AFP Synonyms:HPAFP |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:317, AFP |
MIMi | 104150, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P02771 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000081051.7 |
Subcellular locationi
Extracellular region or secreted
Endoplasmic reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen Source: Reactome
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular space Source: InterPro
Other locations
- cytoplasm Source: GO_Central
Keywords - Cellular componenti
SecretedPathology & Biotechi
Involvement in diseasei
Alpha-fetoprotein deficiency (AFPD)2 Publications
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionA benign condition characterized by undetectable AFP levels in the amniotic fluid. Affected individuals are asymptomatic and present normal development.
Related information in OMIMAlpha-fetoprotein, hereditary persistence (HPAFP)1 Publication
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease descriptionA benign autosomal dominant condition characterized by continued expression of alpha-fetoprotein in adult life.
Related information in OMIMOrganism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 174 |
MalaCardsi | AFP |
MIMi | 615969, phenotype 615970, phenotype |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000081051 |
Orphaneti | 168612, Congenital deficiency in alpha-fetoprotein 168615, Hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein |
PharmGKBi | PA24614 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P02771, Tbio |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL3712864 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | AFP |
DMDMi | 120042 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Signal peptidei | 1 – 18 | 1 PublicationAdd BLAST | 18 | |
ChainiPRO_0000001097 | 19 – 609 | Alpha-fetoproteinAdd BLAST | 591 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Disulfide bondi | 99 ↔ 114 | |||
Modified residuei | 111 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 113 ↔ 124 | |||
Modified residuei | 115 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 117 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 148 ↔ 193 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 192 ↔ 201 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 224 ↔ 270 | |||
GlycosylationiCAR_000070 | 251 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 269 ↔ 277 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 289 ↔ 303 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 302 ↔ 313 | |||
Modified residuei | 344 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 384 ↔ 393 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 416 ↔ 462 | |||
Modified residuei | 444 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 445 | Phosphoserine; by FAM20C1 Publication | 1 | |
Disulfide bondi | 461 ↔ 472 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 485 ↔ 501 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 500 ↔ 511 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 538 ↔ 583 | |||
Disulfide bondi | 582 ↔ 591 |
Post-translational modificationi
Independent studies suggest heterogeneity of the N-terminal sequence of the mature protein and of the cleavage site of the signal sequence.
Sulfated.1 Publication
Keywords - PTMi
Disulfide bond, Glycoprotein, Phosphoprotein, SulfationProteomic databases
jPOSTi | P02771 |
MassIVEi | P02771 |
MaxQBi | P02771 |
PaxDbi | P02771 |
PeptideAtlasi | P02771 |
PRIDEi | P02771 |
ProteomicsDBi | 51589 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P02771 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 41, 31 N-Linked glycans (2 sites) |
GlyGeni | P02771, 1 site, 26 N-linked glycans (1 site) |
iPTMneti | P02771 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P02771 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Plasma. Synthesized by the fetal liver and yolk sac.
Developmental stagei
Occurs in the plasma of fetuses more than 4 weeks old, reaches the highest levels during the 12th-16th week of gestation, and drops to trace amounts after birth. The serum level in adults is usually less than 40 ng/ml. AFP occurs also at high levels in the plasma and ascitic fluid of adults with hepatoma.
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000081051, Expressed in embryo and 96 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P02771, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P02771, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000081051, Group enriched (heart muscle, liver, lung) |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Dimeric and trimeric forms have been found in addition to the monomeric form.
Binary interactionsi
P02771
With | #Exp. | IntAct |
---|---|---|
Envelope glycoprotein E2 (PRO_0000045596) from Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate JFH-1). | 2 | EBI-722498,EBI-6901449 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 106682, 12 interactors |
IntActi | P02771, 10 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000379138 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P02771, protein |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 19 – 210 | Albumin 1PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 192 | |
Domaini | 211 – 402 | Albumin 2PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 192 | |
Domaini | 403 – 601 | Albumin 3PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 199 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.PROSITE-ProRule annotation
Keywords - Domaini
Repeat, SignalPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502R7EA, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00390000000113 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_030161_1_0_1 |
InParanoidi | P02771 |
OrthoDBi | 906547at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P02771 |
TreeFami | TF335561 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00015, ALBUMIN, 3 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR000264, ALB/AFP/VDB IPR020858, Serum_albumin-like IPR021177, Serum_albumin/AFP/Afamin IPR020857, Serum_albumin_CS IPR014760, Serum_albumin_N |
PANTHERi | PTHR11385, PTHR11385, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00273, Serum_albumin, 3 hits |
PIRSFi | PIRSF002520, Serum_albumin_subgroup, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00803, AFETOPROTEIN PR00802, SERUMALBUMIN |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00103, ALBUMIN, 3 hits |
SUPFAMi | SSF48552, SSF48552, 3 hits |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00212, ALBUMIN_1, 2 hits PS51438, ALBUMIN_2, 3 hits |
(1+)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
This entry has 1 described isoform and 1 potential isoform that is computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
P02771-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MKWVESIFLI FLLNFTESRT LHRNEYGIAS ILDSYQCTAE ISLADLATIF
60 70 80 90 100
FAQFVQEATY KEVSKMVKDA LTAIEKPTGD EQSSGCLENQ LPAFLEELCH
110 120 130 140 150
EKEILEKYGH SDCCSQSEEG RHNCFLAHKK PTPASIPLFQ VPEPVTSCEA
160 170 180 190 200
YEEDRETFMN KFIYEIARRH PFLYAPTILL WAARYDKIIP SCCKAENAVE
210 220 230 240 250
CFQTKAATVT KELRESSLLN QHACAVMKNF GTRTFQAITV TKLSQKFTKV
260 270 280 290 300
NFTEIQKLVL DVAHVHEHCC RGDVLDCLQD GEKIMSYICS QQDTLSNKIT
310 320 330 340 350
ECCKLTTLER GQCIIHAEND EKPEGLSPNL NRFLGDRDFN QFSSGEKNIF
360 370 380 390 400
LASFVHEYSR RHPQLAVSVI LRVAKGYQEL LEKCFQTENP LECQDKGEEE
410 420 430 440 450
LQKYIQESQA LAKRSCGLFQ KLGEYYLQNA FLVAYTKKAP QLTSSELMAI
460 470 480 490 500
TRKMAATAAT CCQLSEDKLL ACGEGAADII IGHLCIRHEM TPVNPGVGQC
510 520 530 540 550
CTSSYANRRP CFSSLVVDET YVPPAFSDDK FIFHKDLCQA QGVALQTMKQ
560 570 580 590 600
EFLINLVKQK PQITEEQLEA VIADFSGLLE KCCQGQEQEV CFAEEGQKLI
SKTRAALGV
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basketJ3KMX3 | J3KMX3_HUMAN | Alpha-fetoprotein | AFP | 622 | Annotation score: |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_033928 | 187 | K → Q. Corresponds to variant dbSNP:rs35765619Ensembl. | 1 | |
Natural variantiVAR_012049 | 570 | A → G1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs7790Ensembl. | 1 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | V01514 mRNA Translation: CAA24758.1 M16110 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB58754.1 AK314817 mRNA Translation: BAG37340.1 BC027881 mRNA Translation: AAH27881.1 M10949 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA51674.1 M10950 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA51675.1 Z19532 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA79592.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS3556.1 |
PIRi | A26624, FPHU |
RefSeqi | NP_001125.1, NM_001134.2 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000395792; ENSP00000379138; ENSG00000081051 |
GeneIDi | 174 |
KEGGi | hsa:174 |
UCSCi | uc003hgz.3, human |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Web resourcesi
Wikipedia Alpha-fetoprotein entry |
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | V01514 mRNA Translation: CAA24758.1 M16110 Genomic DNA Translation: AAB58754.1 AK314817 mRNA Translation: BAG37340.1 BC027881 mRNA Translation: AAH27881.1 M10949 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA51674.1 M10950 Genomic DNA Translation: AAA51675.1 Z19532 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA79592.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS3556.1 |
PIRi | A26624, FPHU |
RefSeqi | NP_001125.1, NM_001134.2 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
3MRK | X-ray | 1.40 | P | 137-145 | [»] | |
SMRi | P02771 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 106682, 12 interactors |
IntActi | P02771, 10 interactors |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000379138 |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL3712864 |
PTM databases
GlyConnecti | 41, 31 N-Linked glycans (2 sites) |
GlyGeni | P02771, 1 site, 26 N-linked glycans (1 site) |
iPTMneti | P02771 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P02771 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | AFP |
DMDMi | 120042 |
Proteomic databases
jPOSTi | P02771 |
MassIVEi | P02771 |
MaxQBi | P02771 |
PaxDbi | P02771 |
PeptideAtlasi | P02771 |
PRIDEi | P02771 |
ProteomicsDBi | 51589 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P02771 |
Protocols and materials databases
ABCDi | P02771, 16 sequenced antibodies |
Antibodypediai | 1359, 3402 antibodies |
DNASUi | 174 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000395792; ENSP00000379138; ENSG00000081051 |
GeneIDi | 174 |
KEGGi | hsa:174 |
UCSCi | uc003hgz.3, human |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 174 |
DisGeNETi | 174 |
GeneCardsi | AFP |
HGNCi | HGNC:317, AFP |
HPAi | ENSG00000081051, Group enriched (heart muscle, liver, lung) |
MalaCardsi | AFP |
MIMi | 104150, gene 615969, phenotype 615970, phenotype |
neXtProti | NX_P02771 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000081051 |
Orphaneti | 168612, Congenital deficiency in alpha-fetoprotein 168615, Hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein |
PharmGKBi | PA24614 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000081051.7 |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502R7EA, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00390000000113 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_030161_1_0_1 |
InParanoidi | P02771 |
OrthoDBi | 906547at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P02771 |
TreeFami | TF335561 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | P02771 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-381426, Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) R-HSA-8957275, Post-translational protein phosphorylation |
SIGNORi | P02771 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 174, 6 hits in 879 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | AFP, human |
GeneWikii | Alpha-fetoprotein |
GenomeRNAii | 174 |
Pharosi | P02771, Tbio |
PROi | PR:P02771 |
RNActi | P02771, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000081051, Expressed in embryo and 96 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P02771, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P02771, HS |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00015, ALBUMIN, 3 hits |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR000264, ALB/AFP/VDB IPR020858, Serum_albumin-like IPR021177, Serum_albumin/AFP/Afamin IPR020857, Serum_albumin_CS IPR014760, Serum_albumin_N |
PANTHERi | PTHR11385, PTHR11385, 1 hit |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF00273, Serum_albumin, 3 hits |
PIRSFi | PIRSF002520, Serum_albumin_subgroup, 1 hit |
PRINTSi | PR00803, AFETOPROTEIN PR00802, SERUMALBUMIN |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00103, ALBUMIN, 3 hits |
SUPFAMi | SSF48552, SSF48552, 3 hits |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS00212, ALBUMIN_1, 2 hits PS51438, ALBUMIN_2, 3 hits |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | FETA_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P02771Primary (citable) accession number: P02771 Secondary accession number(s): B2RBU3 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | July 21, 1986 |
Last sequence update: | July 21, 1986 | |
Last modified: | February 10, 2021 | |
This is version 205 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 4
Human chromosome 4: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families