UniProtKB - O75781 (PALM_HUMAN)
Protein
Paralemmin-1
Gene
PALM
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Involved in plasma membrane dynamics and cell process formation. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are necessary for axonal and dendritic filopodia induction, for dendritic spine maturation and synapse formation in a palmitoylation-dependent manner.1 Publication
GO - Molecular functioni
- D3 dopamine receptor binding Source: Ensembl
GO - Biological processi
- adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
- cellular response to electrical stimulus Source: Ensembl
- cytoskeleton organization Source: Ensembl
- negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity Source: GO_Central
- negative regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of filopodium assembly Source: UniProtKB
- protein localization to plasma membrane Source: Ensembl
- regulation of cell shape Source: UniProtKB-KW
- synapse maturation Source: Ensembl
Keywordsi
Biological process | Cell shape |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | O75781 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Paralemmin-1Alternative name(s): Paralemmin |
Gene namesi | Name:PALM Synonyms:KIAA0270 |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:8594, PALM |
MIMi | 608134, gene |
neXtProti | NX_O75781 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000099864.17 |
Subcellular locationi
Plasma membrane
- Cell membrane 1 Publication; Lipid-anchor 1 Publication; Cytoplasmic side 1 Publication
- filopodium membrane 1 Publication; Lipid-anchor 1 Publication
- Basolateral cell membrane By similarity; Lipid-anchor By similarity
- Apicolateral cell membrane By similarity; Lipid-anchor By similarity
Other locations
- axon By similarity
- dendrite By similarity
- dendritic spine By similarity
Note: Translocation to the plasma membrane is enhanced upon stimulation of neuronal activity.
Nucleus
- nucleoplasm Source: HPA
Plasma Membrane
- apicolateral plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
- basolateral plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
- dendritic spine membrane Source: Ensembl
- filopodium membrane Source: UniProtKB
- intrinsic component of the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB
- plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB
Other locations
- axon Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
- cytoplasmic vesicle Source: ProtInc
- postsynaptic density Source: Ensembl
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cell junction, Cell membrane, Cell projection, Membrane, SynapsePathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 381 – 383 | CKC → SKS: Inhibits axonal and dendritic filopodia formation and reduces axonal and dendritic branching. 1 Publication | 3 |
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 5064 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000099864 |
PharmGKBi | PA32923 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | O75781, Tbio |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PALM |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000058218 | 1 – 384 | Paralemmin-1Add BLAST | 384 | |
PropeptideiPRO_0000396689 | 385 – 387 | Removed in mature formSequence analysis | 3 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 1 | N-acetylmethionineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 116 | PhosphoserineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 124 | PhosphoserineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 141 | PhosphothreonineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 145 | PhosphothreonineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 162 | PhosphoserineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 243 | PhosphothreonineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 245 | PhosphoserineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 346 | PhosphoserineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 367 | PhosphothreonineBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 369 | PhosphoserineBy similarity | 1 | |
Lipidationi | 381 | S-palmitoyl cysteineSequence analysis | 1 | |
Lipidationi | 383 | S-palmitoyl cysteineSequence analysis | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 384 | Cysteine methyl esterSequence analysis | 1 | |
Lipidationi | 384 | S-farnesyl cysteineSequence analysis | 1 |
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, Lipoprotein, Methylation, Palmitate, Phosphoprotein, PrenylationProteomic databases
EPDi | O75781 |
jPOSTi | O75781 |
MassIVEi | O75781 |
MaxQBi | O75781 |
PaxDbi | O75781 |
PeptideAtlasi | O75781 |
PRIDEi | O75781 |
ProteomicsDBi | 50191 [O75781-1] 50192 [O75781-2] |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | O75781 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | O75781 |
SwissPalmi | O75781 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Widely expressed with highest expression in brain and testis and intermediate expression in heart and adrenal gland.
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000099864, Expressed in right frontal lobe and 198 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | O75781, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | O75781, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000099864, Tissue enhanced (adipose tissue, brain) |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Interacts with dopamine receptor DRD3.
1 PublicationBinary interactionsi
Hide detailsO75781
With | #Exp. | IntAct |
---|---|---|
DMWD [G5E9A7] | 3 | EBI-6448827,EBI-10976677 |
SPRED1 [Q7Z699] | 3 | EBI-6448827,EBI-5235340 |
Isoform 2 [O75781-2]
With | #Exp. | IntAct |
---|---|---|
GRN [P28799] | 3 | EBI-16399860,EBI-747754 |
PMP22 [D3DTS7] | 3 | EBI-16399860,EBI-25882629 |
TTR [P02766] | 3 | EBI-16399860,EBI-711909 |
WFS1 [O76024] | 3 | EBI-16399860,EBI-720609 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- D3 dopamine receptor binding Source: Ensembl
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 111100, 37 interactors |
IntActi | O75781, 29 interactors |
MINTi | O75781 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000341911 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | O75781, protein |
Family & Domainsi
Coiled coil
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Coiled coili | 9 – 101 | Sequence analysisAdd BLAST | 93 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Belongs to the paralemmin family.Curated
Keywords - Domaini
Coiled coilPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502QQ2W, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000160580 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_038333_2_0_1 |
InParanoidi | O75781 |
OMAi | HAMDGTA |
OrthoDBi | 944013at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | O75781 |
TreeFami | TF105402 |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004965, Paralemmin |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF03285, Paralemmin, 1 hit |
s (2+)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
This entry describes 2 produced by isoformsialternative splicing. AlignAdd to basketThis entry has 2 described isoforms and 3 potential isoforms that are computationally mapped.Show allAlign All
Isoform 1 (identifier: O75781-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: Paralemmin-L
This isoform has been chosen as the sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. canonicali
10 20 30 40 50
MEVLAAETTS QQERLQAIAE KRKRQAEIEN KRRQLEDERR QLQHLKSKAL
60 70 80 90 100
RERWLLEGTP SSASEGDEDL RRQMQDDEQK TRLLEDSVSR LEKEIEVLER
110 120 130 140 150
GDSAPATAKE NAAAPSPVRA PAPSPAKEER KTEVVMNSQQ TPVGTPKDKR
160 170 180 190 200
VSNTPLRTVD GSPMMKAAMY SVEITVEKDK VTGETRVLSS TTLLPRQPLP
210 220 230 240 250
LGIKVYEDET KVVHAVDGTA ENGIHPLSSS EVDELIHKAD EVTLSEAGST
260 270 280 290 300
AGAAETRGAV EGAARTTPSR REITGVQAQP GEATSGPPGI QPGQEPPVTM
310 320 330 340 350
IFMGYQNVED EAETKKVLGL QDTITAELVV IEDAAEPKEP APPNGSAAEP
360 370 380
PTEAASREEN QAGPEATTSD PQDLDMKKHR CKCCSIM
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequencesi
There are 3 potential isoforms mapped to this entry.BLASTAlignShow allAdd to basketA0A087WTK8 | A0A087WTK8_HUMAN | Paralemmin-1 | PALM | 242 | Annotation score: | ||
A0A087WWY4 | A0A087WWY4_HUMAN | Paralemmin-1 | PALM | 198 | Annotation score: | ||
A0A087X1D6 | A0A087X1D6_HUMAN | Paralemmin-1 | PALM | 12 | Annotation score: |
Natural variant
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variantiVAR_053803 | 107 | T → A1 PublicationCorresponds to variant dbSNP:rs1050457Ensembl. | 1 |
Alternative sequence
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequenceiVSP_003918 | 168 – 211 | Missing in isoform 2. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 44 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | Y16270 , Y16271, Y16272, Y16273, Y16274, Y16275, Y16276, Y16277 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA76151.1 Y16278 mRNA Translation: CAA76152.1 Y14770 mRNA Translation: CAB37400.1 Y14770 mRNA Translation: CAB37401.1 BC032449 mRNA Translation: AAH32449.1 AC004030 Genomic DNA No translation available. AC005763 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC62429.1 D87460 mRNA Translation: BAA13400.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS32857.1 [O75781-1] CCDS32858.1 [O75781-2] |
PIRi | T00635 |
RefSeqi | NP_001035224.1, NM_001040134.1 [O75781-2] NP_002570.2, NM_002579.2 [O75781-1] |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000264560; ENSP00000264560; ENSG00000099864 [O75781-2] ENST00000338448; ENSP00000341911; ENSG00000099864 [O75781-1] |
GeneIDi | 5064 |
KEGGi | hsa:5064 |
UCSCi | uc002lpm.2, human [O75781-1] |
Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi
Alternative splicingSimilar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | Y16270 , Y16271, Y16272, Y16273, Y16274, Y16275, Y16276, Y16277 Genomic DNA Translation: CAA76151.1 Y16278 mRNA Translation: CAA76152.1 Y14770 mRNA Translation: CAB37400.1 Y14770 mRNA Translation: CAB37401.1 BC032449 mRNA Translation: AAH32449.1 AC004030 Genomic DNA No translation available. AC005763 Genomic DNA Translation: AAC62429.1 D87460 mRNA Translation: BAA13400.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS32857.1 [O75781-1] CCDS32858.1 [O75781-2] |
PIRi | T00635 |
RefSeqi | NP_001035224.1, NM_001040134.1 [O75781-2] NP_002570.2, NM_002579.2 [O75781-1] |
3D structure databases
ModBasei | Search... |
SWISS-MODEL-Workspacei | Submit a new modelling project... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 111100, 37 interactors |
IntActi | O75781, 29 interactors |
MINTi | O75781 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000341911 |
PTM databases
iPTMneti | O75781 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | O75781 |
SwissPalmi | O75781 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PALM |
Proteomic databases
EPDi | O75781 |
jPOSTi | O75781 |
MassIVEi | O75781 |
MaxQBi | O75781 |
PaxDbi | O75781 |
PeptideAtlasi | O75781 |
PRIDEi | O75781 |
ProteomicsDBi | 50191 [O75781-1] 50192 [O75781-2] |
Protocols and materials databases
Antibodypediai | 22365, 90 antibodies |
DNASUi | 5064 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000264560; ENSP00000264560; ENSG00000099864 [O75781-2] ENST00000338448; ENSP00000341911; ENSG00000099864 [O75781-1] |
GeneIDi | 5064 |
KEGGi | hsa:5064 |
UCSCi | uc002lpm.2, human [O75781-1] |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 5064 |
DisGeNETi | 5064 |
GeneCardsi | PALM |
HGNCi | HGNC:8594, PALM |
HPAi | ENSG00000099864, Tissue enhanced (adipose tissue, brain) |
MIMi | 608134, gene |
neXtProti | NX_O75781 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000099864 |
PharmGKBi | PA32923 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000099864.17 |
HUGEi | Search... |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | ENOG502QQ2W, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000160580 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_038333_2_0_1 |
InParanoidi | O75781 |
OMAi | HAMDGTA |
OrthoDBi | 944013at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | O75781 |
TreeFami | TF105402 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
PathwayCommonsi | O75781 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 5064, 25 hits in 876 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | PALM, human |
GeneWikii | PALM |
GenomeRNAii | 5064 |
Pharosi | O75781, Tbio |
PROi | PR:O75781 |
RNActi | O75781, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000099864, Expressed in right frontal lobe and 198 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | O75781, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | O75781, HS |
Family and domain databases
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR004965, Paralemmin |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF03285, Paralemmin, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | PALM_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | O75781Primary (citable) accession number: O75781 Secondary accession number(s): O43359 Q9UQS3 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | August 30, 2002 |
Last sequence update: | March 1, 2001 | |
Last modified: | February 10, 2021 | |
This is version 167 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 19
Human chromosome 19: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - Human entries with genetic variants
List of human entries with genetic variants - Human variants curated from literature reports
Index of human variants curated from literature reports - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families