UniProtKB - O46339 (HTH_DROME)
Homeobox protein homothorax
hth
Functioni
All isoforms are required for patterning of the embryonic cuticle. Acts with exd to delimit the eye field and prevent inappropriate eye development. Isoforms that carry the homeodomain are required for proper localization of chordotonal organs within the peripheral nervous system and antennal identity; required to activate antennal-specific genes, such as sal and to repress the leg-like expression of dac. Necessary for the nuclear localization of the essential HOX cofactor, extradenticle (exd). Both necessary and sufficient for inner photoreceptors to adopt the polarization-sensitive 'dorsal rim area' (DRA) of the eye fate instead of the color-sensitive default state. This occurs by increasing rhabdomere size and uncoupling R7-R8 communication to allow both cells to express the same opsin rather than different ones as required for color vision.
5 PublicationsRegions
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
DNA bindingi | 365 – 427 | Homeobox; TALE-typePROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 63 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: FlyBase
- DNA binding Source: UniProtKB
- DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: GO_Central
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source: UniProtKB
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Source: FlyBase
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: CAFA
- RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Source: GO_Central
- transcription coactivator binding Source: FlyBase
- transcription factor binding Source: FlyBase
GO - Biological processi
- animal organ morphogenesis Source: GO_Central
- brain development Source: FlyBase
- compound eye development Source: FlyBase
- compound eye photoreceptor fate commitment Source: FlyBase
- embryonic pattern specification Source: GO_Central
- eye development Source: UniProtKB
- haltere morphogenesis Source: FlyBase
- head morphogenesis Source: FlyBase
- imaginal disc-derived leg morphogenesis Source: FlyBase
- imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis Source: FlyBase
- Malpighian tubule development Source: FlyBase
- oenocyte differentiation Source: FlyBase
- peripheral nervous system development Source: UniProtKB
- positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: GO_Central
- positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis Source: FlyBase
- positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: FlyBase
- protein localization to nucleus Source: FlyBase
- proximal/distal pattern formation Source: FlyBase
- regulation of cell fate specification Source: FlyBase
- regulation of neuron differentiation Source: FlyBase
- regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: UniProtKB
- salivary gland boundary specification Source: FlyBase
- segmentation Source: FlyBase
- somatic muscle development Source: FlyBase
- specification of animal organ identity Source: FlyBase
- specification of segmental identity, antennal segment Source: FlyBase
- specification of segmental identity, head Source: FlyBase
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Developmental protein, DNA-binding |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-DME-390193, Transcriptional activation by YKI |
SignaLinki | O46339 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Homeobox protein homothoraxAlternative name(s): Homeobox protein dorsotonals |
Gene namesi | ORF Names:CG17117 |
Organismi | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 7227 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Ecdysozoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora › |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
FlyBasei | FBgn0001235, hth |
VEuPathDBi | VectorBase:FBgn0001235 |
Subcellular locationi
Nucleus
- Nucleus PROSITE-ProRule annotation3 Publications
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: FlyBase
Nucleus
- nucleoplasm Source: Reactome
- nucleus Source: FlyBase
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex Source: FlyBase
Other locations
- cytoplasm Source: FlyBase
- protein-DNA complex Source: CAFA
- transcription regulator complex Source: UniProtKB
Keywords - Cellular componenti
NucleusPathology & Biotechi
Disruption phenotypei
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
ChainiPRO_0000341484 | 1 – 487 | Homeobox protein homothoraxAdd BLAST | 487 |
Proteomic databases
PaxDbi | O46339 |
PRIDEi | O46339 |
Expressioni
Tissue specificityi
Developmental stagei
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | FBgn0001235, Expressed in central nervous system and 71 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | O46339, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | O46339, DM |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Interacts with exd; required for nuclear translocation of exd.
4 PublicationsBinary interactionsi
O46339
With | #Exp. | IntAct |
---|---|---|
exd [P40427] | 16 | EBI-137488,EBI-101537 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- protein heterodimerization activity Source: CAFA
- transcription coactivator binding Source: FlyBase
- transcription factor binding Source: FlyBase
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 66419, 45 interactors |
IntActi | O46339, 64 interactors |
STRINGi | 7227.FBpp0081732 |
Family & Domainsi
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 25 – 49 | DisorderedSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 25 | |
Regioni | 210 – 292 | DisorderedSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 83 | |
Regioni | 333 – 369 | DisorderedSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 37 |
Compositional bias
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional biasi | 223 – 254 | Polar residuesSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 32 | |
Compositional biasi | 266 – 292 | Polar residuesSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 27 | |
Compositional biasi | 333 – 350 | Polar residuesSequence analysisAdd BLAST | 18 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
HomeoboxPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0773, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000168996 |
InParanoidi | O46339 |
OMAi | PPEYYGH |
PhylomeDBi | O46339 |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00086, homeodomain, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009057, Homeobox-like_sf IPR001356, Homeobox_dom IPR008422, Homeobox_KN_domain IPR032453, PKNOX/Meis_N |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF05920, Homeobox_KN, 1 hit PF16493, Meis_PKNOX_N, 1 hit |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00389, HOX, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF46689, SSF46689, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50071, HOMEOBOX_2, 1 hit |
s (5)i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
This entry describes 5 produced by isoformsialternative splicing. AlignAdd to basketThis isoform has been chosen as the sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. canonicali
10 20 30 40 50
MAQPRYDDGL HGYGMDSGAA AAAMYDPHAG HRPPGLQGLP SHHSPHMTHA
60 70 80 90 100
AAAAATVGMH GYHSGAGGHG TPSHVSPVGN HLMGAIPEVH KRDKDAIYEH
110 120 130 140 150
PLFPLLALIF EKCELATCTP REPGVQGGDV CSSESFNEDI AMFSKQIRSQ
160 170 180 190 200
KPYYTADPEV DSLMVQAIQV LRFHLLELEK VHELCDNFCH RYISCLKGKM
210 220 230 240 250
PIDLVIDERD TTKPPELGSA NGEGRSNADS TSHTDGASTP DVRPPSSSLS
260 270 280 290 300
YGGAMNDDAR SPGAGSTPGP LSQQPPALDT SDPDGKFLSS LNPSELTYDG
310 320 330 340 350
RWCRREWSSP ADARNADASR RLYSSVFLGS PDNFGTSASG DASNASIGSG
360 370 380 390 400
EGTGEEDDDA SGKKNQKKRG IFPKVATNIL RAWLFQHLTH PYPSEDQKKQ
410 420 430 440 450
LAQDTGLTIL QVNNWFINAR RRIVQPMIDQ SNRAVYTPHP GPSGYGHDAM
460 470 480
GYMMDSQAHM MHRPPGDPGF HQGYPHYPPA EYYGQHL
The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
243-266: RPPSSSLSYGGAMNDDARSPGAGS → PSTQDFSPLEETYASYRIKHEADF
267-487: Missing.
The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
243-266: RPPSSSLSYGGAMNDDARSPGAGS → VSTPFAGAHGPILASYNAVVHPCS
267-487: Missing.
Sequence cautioni
Alternative sequence
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequenceiVSP_052821 | 1 – 14 | Missing in isoform H. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 14 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_052822 | 243 – 266 | RPPSS…PGAGS → PSTQDFSPLEETYASYRIKH EADF in isoform E. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 24 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_052823 | 243 – 266 | RPPSS…PGAGS → VSTPFAGAHGPILASYNAVV HPCS in isoform F. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 24 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_052824 | 267 – 487 | Missing in isoform E and isoform F. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 221 | |
Alternative sequenceiVSP_052826 | 284 – 398 | Missing in isoform A and isoform H. 4 PublicationsAdd BLAST | 115 |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF026788 mRNA Translation: AAC47759.1 AF032865 mRNA Translation: AAB97169.1 AF035825 mRNA Translation: AAB88514.1 AF036584 mRNA Translation: AAB88863.1 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAF54533.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN13474.1 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN13475.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAX52943.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAZ52527.1 BT010238 mRNA Translation: AAQ23556.1 Frameshift. BT024210 mRNA Translation: ABC86272.1 BT029117 mRNA Translation: ABJ17050.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_001014613.2, NM_001014613.3 [O46339-5] NP_001027170.1, NM_001031999.2 [O46339-6] NP_476576.1, NM_057228.5 [O46339-1] NP_476577.3, NM_057229.5 [O46339-6] NP_476578.3, NM_057230.6 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblMetazoai | FBtr0082255; FBpp0081732; FBgn0001235 [O46339-1] FBtr0100454; FBpp0099878; FBgn0001235 [O46339-5] FBtr0100455; FBpp0099879; FBgn0001235 [O46339-6] FBtr0344145; FBpp0310558; FBgn0001235 [O46339-6] |
GeneIDi | 41273 |
KEGGi | dme:Dmel_CG17117 |
Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi
Alternative splicingSimilar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | AF026788 mRNA Translation: AAC47759.1 AF032865 mRNA Translation: AAB97169.1 AF035825 mRNA Translation: AAB88514.1 AF036584 mRNA Translation: AAB88863.1 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAF54533.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN13474.1 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAN13475.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAX52943.2 AE014297 Genomic DNA Translation: AAZ52527.1 BT010238 mRNA Translation: AAQ23556.1 Frameshift. BT024210 mRNA Translation: ABC86272.1 BT029117 mRNA Translation: ABJ17050.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_001014613.2, NM_001014613.3 [O46339-5] NP_001027170.1, NM_001031999.2 [O46339-6] NP_476576.1, NM_057228.5 [O46339-1] NP_476577.3, NM_057229.5 [O46339-6] NP_476578.3, NM_057230.6 |
3D structure databases
SMRi | O46339 |
ModBasei | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 66419, 45 interactors |
IntActi | O46339, 64 interactors |
STRINGi | 7227.FBpp0081732 |
Proteomic databases
PaxDbi | O46339 |
PRIDEi | O46339 |
Protocols and materials databases
DNASUi | 41273 |
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblMetazoai | FBtr0082255; FBpp0081732; FBgn0001235 [O46339-1] FBtr0100454; FBpp0099878; FBgn0001235 [O46339-5] FBtr0100455; FBpp0099879; FBgn0001235 [O46339-6] FBtr0344145; FBpp0310558; FBgn0001235 [O46339-6] |
GeneIDi | 41273 |
KEGGi | dme:Dmel_CG17117 |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 41273 |
FlyBasei | FBgn0001235, hth |
VEuPathDBi | VectorBase:FBgn0001235 |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0773, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00940000168996 |
InParanoidi | O46339 |
OMAi | PPEYYGH |
PhylomeDBi | O46339 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactomei | R-DME-390193, Transcriptional activation by YKI |
SignaLinki | O46339 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 41273, 0 hits in 3 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | hth, fly |
GenomeRNAii | 41273 |
PROi | PR:O46339 |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | FBgn0001235, Expressed in central nervous system and 71 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | O46339, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | O46339, DM |
Family and domain databases
CDDi | cd00086, homeodomain, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR009057, Homeobox-like_sf IPR001356, Homeobox_dom IPR008422, Homeobox_KN_domain IPR032453, PKNOX/Meis_N |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF05920, Homeobox_KN, 1 hit PF16493, Meis_PKNOX_N, 1 hit |
SMARTi | View protein in SMART SM00389, HOX, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF46689, SSF46689, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS50071, HOMEOBOX_2, 1 hit |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | HTH_DROME | |
Accessioni | O46339Primary (citable) accession number: O46339 Secondary accession number(s): O17427 Q9VGY9 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | June 10, 2008 |
Last sequence update: | June 1, 1998 | |
Last modified: | September 29, 2021 | |
This is version 176 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Drosophila annotation project |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
Reference proteomeDocuments
- Drosophila
Drosophila: entries, gene names and cross-references to FlyBase - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families