Angiopoietin-2

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Sites

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• metal ion binding Source: UniProtKB-KW
• receptor antagonist activity Source: MGI <p>Traceable Author Statement</p> <p>Used for information from review articles where the original experiments are traceable through that article and also for information from text books or dictionaries.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#tas">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Traceable author statementⁱ
  • "Polydom Is an Extracellular Matrix Protein Involved in Lymphatic Vessel Remodeling."
    Morooka N., Futaki S., Sato-Nishiuchi R., Nishino M., Totani Y., Shimono C., Nakano I., Nakajima H., Mochizuki N., Sekiguchi K.
    Circ. Res. 120:1276-1288(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor tyrosine kinase binding Source: MGI
• signaling receptor binding Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans."
    Valenzuela D.M., Griffiths J.A., Rojas J., Aldrich T.H., Jones P.F., Zhou H., McClain J., Copeland N.G., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Huang T., Papadopoulos N., Maisonpierre P.C., Davis S., Yancopoulos G.D.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:1904-1909(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

GO - Biological processⁱ

• angiogenesis Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Genetic Interaction</p> <p>Used to describe "traditional" genetic interactions such as suppressors and synthetic lethals as well as other techniques such as functional complementation, rescue experiments, or inferences about a gene drawn from the phenotype of a mutation in a different gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#igi">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from genetic interactionⁱ
  • "Fibroblast growth factor signals regulate a wave of Hedgehog activation that is essential for coronary vascular development."
    Lavine K.J., White A.C., Park C., Smith C.S., Choi K., Long F., Hui C.C., Ornitz D.M.
    Genes Dev. 20:1651-1666(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• animal organ regeneration Source: Ensembl
• blood vessel morphogenesis Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Dysmorphogenesis of kidney cortical peritubular capillaries in angiopoietin-2-deficient mice."
    Pitera J.E., Woolf A.S., Gale N.W., Yancopoulos G.D., Yuan H.T.
    Am. J. Pathol. 165:1895-1906(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• blood vessel remodeling Source: DFLATTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis."
    Olivey H.E., Svensson E.C.
    Circ. Res. 106:818-832(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• cellular response to growth factor stimulus Source: Ensembl
• endoderm development Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans."
    Valenzuela D.M., Griffiths J.A., Rojas J., Aldrich T.H., Jones P.F., Zhou H., McClain J., Copeland N.G., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Huang T., Papadopoulos N., Maisonpierre P.C., Davis S., Yancopoulos G.D.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:1904-1909(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• gene expression Source: MGIInferred from sequence orthologyⁱ
  • "Polydom Is an Extracellular Matrix Protein Involved in Lymphatic Vessel Remodeling."
    Morooka N., Futaki S., Sato-Nishiuchi R., Nishino M., Totani Y., Shimono C., Nakano I., Nakajima H., Mochizuki N., Sekiguchi K.
    Circ. Res. 120:1276-1288(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• germ cell development Source: Ensembl
• glomerulus vasculature development Source: MGI
• hemopoiesis Source: DFLATTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis."
    Olivey H.E., Svensson E.C.
    Circ. Res. 106:818-832(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• maternal process involved in female pregnancy Source: Ensembl
• negative regulation of angiogenesis Source: MGI <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.1

    "Angiopoietin-2, a natural antagonist for Tie2 that disrupts in vivo angiogenesis."
    Maisonpierre P.C., Suri C., Jones P.F., Bartunkova S., Wiegand S.J., Radziejewski C., Compton D.L., McClain J., Aldrich T.H., Papadopoulos N., Daly T.J., Davis S., Sato T.N., Yancopoulos G.D.
    Science 277:55-60(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
• negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration Source: MGI
• negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion Source: MGIInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Critical role of the TIE2 endothelial cell receptor in the development of definitive hematopoiesis."
    Takakura N., Huang X.L., Naruse T., Hamaguchi I., Dumont D.J., Yancopoulos G.D., Suda T.
    Immunity 9:677-686(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• negative regulation of positive chemotaxis Source: MGI
• positive regulation of angiogenesis Source: MGI
• regulation of angiogenesis Source: DFLATTraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis."
    Olivey H.E., Svensson E.C.
    Circ. Res. 106:818-832(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• response to activity Source: Ensembl
• response to glucose Source: Ensembl
• response to hypoxia Source: Ensembl
• response to mechanical stimulus Source: Ensembl
• response to organic cyclic compound Source: Ensembl
• response to radiation Source: Ensembl
• Tie signaling pathway Source: MGI
• transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Upstream region of the myogenin gene confers transcriptional activation in muscle cell lineages during mouse embryogenesis."
    Fujisawa-Sehara A., Hanaoka K., Hayasaka M., Hiromasa-Yagami T., Nabeshima Y.
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 191:351-356(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

Keywords - Cellular componentⁱ

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms. By default, the information is derived from experiments at the mRNA level, unless specified 'at protein level'.<br></br>Examples: <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P92958#expression">P92958</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TDN4#expression">Q8TDN4</a>, <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O14734#expression">O14734</a><p><a href='/help/tissue_specificity' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Tissue specificityⁱ

Gene expression databases

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• receptor antagonist activity Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Polydom Is an Extracellular Matrix Protein Involved in Lymphatic Vessel Remodeling."
    Morooka N., Futaki S., Sato-Nishiuchi R., Nishino M., Totani Y., Shimono C., Nakano I., Nakajima H., Mochizuki N., Sekiguchi K.
    Circ. Res. 120:1276-1288(2017) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• receptor tyrosine kinase binding Source: MGI
• signaling receptor binding Source: GO_CentralInferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief. Bioinformatics 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding Source: MGITraceable author statementⁱ
  • "Angiopoietins 3 and 4: diverging gene counterparts in mice and humans."
    Valenzuela D.M., Griffiths J.A., Rojas J., Aldrich T.H., Jones P.F., Zhou H., McClain J., Copeland N.G., Gilbert D.J., Jenkins N.A., Huang T., Papadopoulos N., Maisonpierre P.C., Davis S., Yancopoulos G.D.
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:1904-1909(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Coiled coil

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides general information on the biological role of a domain. The term 'domain' is intended here in its wide acceptation, it may be a structural domain, a transmembrane region or a functional domain. Several domains are described in this subsection.<p><a href='/help/domain_cc' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Domainⁱ

Keywords - Domainⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

        10         20         30         40         50
MWQIIFLTFG WDLVLASAYS NFRKSVDSTG RRQYQVQNGP CSYTFLLPET 
        60         70         80         90        100
DSCRSSSSPY MSNAVQRDAP LDYDDSVQRL QVLENILENN TQWLMKLENY 
       110        120        130        140        150
IQDNMKKEMV EIQQNVVQNQ TAVMIEIGTS LLNQTAAQTR KLTDVEAQVL 
       160        170        180        190        200
NQTTRLELQL LQHSISTNKL EKQILDQTSE INKLQNKNSF LEQKVLDMEG 
       210        220        230        240        250
KHSEQLQSMK EQKDELQVLV SKQSSVIDEL EKKLVTATVN NSLLQKQQHD 
       260        270        280        290        300
LMETVNSLLT MMSSPNSKSS VAIRKEEQTT FRDCAEIFKS GLTTSGIYTL 
       310        320        330        340        350
TFPNSTEEIK AYCDMDVGGG GWTVIQHRED GSVDFQRTWK EYKEGFGSPL 
       360        370        380        390        400
GEYWLGNEFV SQLTGQHRYV LKIQLKDWEG NEAHSLYDHF YLAGEESNYR 
       410        420        430        440        450
IHLTGLTGTA GKISSISQPG SDFSTKDSDN DKCICKCSQM LSGGWWFDAC 
       460        470        480        490 
GPSNLNGQYY PQKQNTNKFN GIKWYYWKGS GYSLKATTMM IRPADF     

Experimental Info

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 100% Identity
• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. MGD cross-references
   Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot